Yaraanta gulukooska-6-fosfate dehydrogenase

Yaraanshaha Glucose-6-fosfate dehydrogenase (G6PD) waa xaalad unugyada dhiigga cas cas ay ku kala jabaan marka uu jidhku la kulmo daawooyinka qaarkood ama walaaca cudurka. Waa mid la iska dhaxlo, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in lagu sii gudbiyo qoysaska.

Yaraanta G6PD waxay dhacdaa marka qofku maqan yahay ama uusan haysan ku filan enzme loo yaqaan glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Enzyme-kan wuxuu caawiyaa unugyada dhiigga cas inay si sax ah u shaqeeyaan.

Aad u yar G6PD wuxuu horseedaa burburka unugyada dhiigga cas. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan hemolysis. Marka hawshani si firfircoon u dhacdo, waxaa loo yaqaan 'dhacdo hemolytic'. Dhacdooyinka inta badan waa kooban yihiin. Tani waa sababta oo ah jidhku wuxuu sii wadaa inuu soo saaro unugyada dhiigga cas ee cusub, oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq caadi ah.

Burburka unugyada dhiigga cas waxaa sababi kara infakshanno, cuntooyinka qaarkood (sida fava wake), iyo daawooyinka qaarkood, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Dawooyinka duumada looga hortago sida quinine
• Aspirin (qiyaaso badan)
• Daawooyinka anti-bararka ee nonsteroidal (NSAIDs)
• Quinidine
• Dawooyinka Sulfa
• Antibiyootikada sida quinolones, nitrofurantoin
  

Kiimikooyin kale, sida kuwa ku jira aboorrada, ayaa sidoo kale kicin kara dhacdo.

Dalka Mareykanka, yaraanta G6PD waxay ku badan tahay dadka madow marka loo eego kuwa cad. Ragga ayaa ugu badan inay yeeshaan cilladan dumarka.

Waxay u badan tahay inaad ku dhacdo xaaladan haddii aad:

• Ma yihiin Mareykan Mareykan ah
• Ka soo jeeda Bariga Dhexe oo hufan, gaar ahaan Kurdiyiinta ama Yuhuudda Sephardic
• Ma rag yihiin
• Hayso taariikh qoys oo ka dhiman

Nooc ka mid ah cilladan ayaa caan ku ah caddaanka ka soo jeeda badda Mediterranean. Foomkan sidoo kale wuxuu laxiriiraa dhacdooyin daran oo hemolysis ah. Dhacdooyinka waa ka dheer yihiin kana daran yihiin noocyada kale ee cilladda.

Dadka xaaladan qaba ma soo bandhigaan wax calaamado ah oo cudurka ah ilaa unugyadooda dhiigga cas ay la kulmaan kiimikooyin gaar ah oo ku jira cuntada ama daawada.

Astaamuhu waxay ku badan yihiin ragga waxaana ka mid noqon kara:

• Kaadi madow
• Qandho
• Xanuun caloosha ah
• Beerka oo weynaaday iyo beerka
• Daal
• Kalsoonida
• Qiyaasta garaaca wadnaha
• Neefta oo kugu yaraata
• Midabka maqaarka huruud ah (cagaarshow)

Baadhitaan dhiig ayaa la samayn karaa si loo hubiyo heerka G6PD.

Tijaabooyinka kale ee laga yaabo in la sameeyo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Heerka Bilirubin
• Tirinta dhiigga oo dhammaystiran
• Hemoglobin - kaadi
• Heerka Haptoglobin
• Imtixaanka LDH
• Tijaabada dhimista Methemoglobin
• Tirada 'Reticulocyte'

Daaweyntu waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa:

• Daawooyinka lagu daaweeyo infekshan, haddii ay jiraan
• Joojinta wixii daawo ah ee keenaya burburka unugyada dhiigga cas
• Ku shubista, xaaladaha qaarkood

Xaaladaha badankood, dhacdooyinka hemolytic ayaa iskood iskaga taga.

Marar dhif ah, hawlgab kilyaha ama geeri ayaa dhici karta kadib dhacdo hemolytic daran.

Wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga haddii aad leedahay astaamo xaaladan ah.

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii lagaa helo yaraanshaha G6PD astaamuhuna ma baabi'i karaan daaweynta ka dib.

Dadka qaba yaraanta G6PD waa inay si adag uga fogaadaan waxyaabaha kicin kara dhacdo. Kala hadal takhtarkaaga wixii ku saabsan daawooyinkaaga.

La-talinta hidda-socodka ama baaritaanka waxaa heli kara kuwa leh taariikh qoys oo xaaladda ah.

Yaraanta G6PD; Dhiig yaraanta Hemolytic sababtoo ah yaraanta G6PD; Dhiig yare - hemolytic sababo la xiriira yaraanta G6PD

• Unugyada dhiigga

Gregg XT, Prchal JT. Unugyada dhiigga cas ee enzymopathies. Gudaha: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Mabaadi'da Aasaasiga ah iyo Tababarka. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 44.

Lissauer T, Carroll W. Cudurka Haematological. Gudaha: Lissauer T, Carroll W, eds. Buug-gacmeed sawir leh oo ku saabsan caafimaadka carruurta. 5aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 23.

Michel M. Autoimmune iyo dhiig-yaraanta hemolytic anemias. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 151.