Baaritaanka dhiigga ee CBC

Baadhitaan dhiig oo dhammaystiran (CBC) ayaa cabiraya waxyaabaha soo socda:

• Tirada unugyada dhiigga cas (tirinta RBC)
• Tirada unugyada dhiigga cad (tirinta WBC)
• Wadarta qadarka haemoglobin ee dhiiga
• Jajabka dhiigga ee ka kooban unugyada dhiigga cas (hematocrit)

Imtixaanka CBC wuxuu kaloo bixiyaa macluumaad ku saabsan cabirrada soo socda:

• Celcelis ahaan cabirka unugyada dhiigga cas (MCV)
• Qaddarka haemoglobin ee unugyada dhiigga cas (MCH)
• Qaddarka haemoglobin ee u dhigma cabbirka unugga (isku-uruurinta haemoglobin) unugga cas cas (MCHC)

Tirada platelet-ka waxaa sidoo kale badanaa lagu daraa CBC.

Sambal dhiig ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Ma jiro diyaar garow gaar ah oo loo baahan yahay.

Marka irbadda la geliyo si dhiig loo qaado, waxaad dareemi kartaa xanuun dhexdhexaad ah. Dadka qaarkiis waxay dareemaan dharbaaxo ama xoqid keliya. Ka dib waxaa jiri kara xoogaa wax garaaca ama nabar yar. Tani dhawaan way tagi doontaa.

CBC waa baaritaan shaybaar oo badanaa la sameeyo. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu ogaado ama lagu kormeero xaalado badan oo caafimaad oo kala duwan. Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu dalbado baaritaankan:

• Iyada oo qayb ka ah baaritaan caadi ah
• Haddii aad isku aragto astaamo, sida daal, miisaan lumis, qandho ama calaamado kale oo infekshan ah, daciifnimo, nabar, dhiig bax, ama astaamo kasta oo kansar ah
• Markaad qaadanaysid daaweyn (daawooyin ama shucaac) taas oo beddeli karta natiijooyinka tirinta dhiiggaaga
• Si loola socdo dhibaatada caafimaad ee muddada dheer (dabadheeraad ah) taas oo beddeli karta natiijooyinka tirinta dhiiggaaga, sida cudur kelyo oo joogto ah

Tirinta dhiigga way ku kala duwanaan kartaa dhererka. Guud ahaan, natiijooyinka caadiga ah waa:

Tirinta RBC:

• Lab: 4.7 ilaa 6.1 milyan oo unug / mcL
• Dheddig: 4.2 ilaa 5.4 milyan oo unug / mcL

Tirada WBC:

• 4,500 ilaa 10,000 unug / mcL

Hematocrit:

• Lab: 40.7% ilaa 50.3%
• Dheddig: 36.1% ilaa 44.3%

Hemoglobin:

• Lab: 13.8 ilaa 17.2 gm / dL
• Dheddig: 12.1 illaa 15.1 gm / dL

Tusmooyinka unugyada dhiigga cas:

• MCV: 80 ilaa 95 femtoliter
• MCH: 27 illaa 31 pg / unug
• MCHC: 32 illaa 36 gm / dL

Tirada platelet:

• 150,000 ilaa 450,000 / dL

Tusaalooyinka kor ku xusan waa cabbiraad guud oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka imtixaanadan. Heerarka qiimaha caadiga ahi way ku kala duwanaan karaan shaybaarada kala duwan. Shaybaarada qaarkood waxay isticmaalaan cabbiro kala duwan ama waxay tijaabiyaan shaybaarro kala duwan. Kala hadal dhakhtarkaaga macnaha natiijooyinka baaritaankaaga gaarka ah.

RBC-da sare, hemoglobin, ama hematocrit waxaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay:

• La'aanta biyo ku filan iyo dheecaano, sida shuban daran, dhidid badan, ama kaniiniyada biyaha ee loo isticmaalo daaweynta dhiig karka
• Cudurka kilyaha oo leh wax soo saarka erythropoietin oo sareeya
• Heer oksijiin oo hooseeya oo dhiigga ku jira muddo dheer, badanaa waxaa ugu wacan cudurrada wadnaha ama sambabaha
• Polycythemia vera
• Sigaar cabid

Low RBC, hemoglobin, ama hematocrit waa calaamad dhiig yaraanta, taas oo ka dhalan karta:

• Dhiigbaxid (mid kadis ah, ama dhibaatooyin sida caadada culus oo muddo dheer qaadatay)
• Lafaha dhumay (tusaale ahaan, shucaaca, infekshinka, ama buro)
• Burburka unugyada dhiigga cas (hemolysis)
• Kansarka iyo daaweynta kansarka
• Xaaladaha caafimaad ee muddada-dheer (daba-dheeraaday) qaarkood, sida cudur kelyo oo joogto ah, ulcerative colitis, ama rheumatoid arthritis
• Leukemia
• Infekshannada muddada-dheer sida hepatitis
• Cunto xumo iyo nafaqo, oo keenta bir aad u yar, folate, fitamiin B12, ama fitamiin B6
• Myeloma badan

Tirinta unugyada dhiigga cad oo ka hooseeya sida caadiga ah waxaa loo yaqaan leukopenia. Hoos udhaca tirinta WBC waxaa sababi kara:

• Ku xadgudubka khamriga iyo waxyeelada beerka
• Cudurrada iswada jirka (sida lupus erythematosus systemic)
• Lafaha dhumay (tusaale ahaan, infekshan awgii, buro, shucaac, ama fibro)
• Daawooyinka kiimikada loo isticmaalo daaweynta kansarka
• Cudurka beerka ama beeryarada
• Beerka oo weynaaday
• Infekshannada ay sababaan fayrasyada, sida mono ama AIDS
• Daawooyin

Tirakoob sare oo WBC ah ayaa loo yaqaan leukocytosis. Waxay ka dhalan kartaa:

• Daawooyinka qaarkood, sida corticosteroids
• Caabuqyada
• Cudurada sida lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, ama xasaasiyadda
• Leukemia
• Cadaadis xagga shucuurta ama jirka ah oo daran
• Waxyeellada unugyada (sida gubashada ama wadne qabad)

Tirada platelet-ka sare waxaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay:

• Dhiigbax
• Cudurada sida kansarka
• Yaraanta birta
• Dhibaatooyinka dhuuxa lafta

Tirin yar oo platelet ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay:

• Qalalaasaha meesha platelet-ka lagu burburiyo
• Uurka
• Beerka oo weynaaday
• Lafaha dhumay (tusaale ahaan, infekshan awgii, buro, shucaac, ama fibro)
• Daawooyinka kiimikada loo isticmaalo daaweynta kansarka

Khatar aad u yar ayaa ku jirta in dhiigga lagaa qaado. Xididdada iyo halbowlayaasha waxay ku kala duwan yihiin cabirka qof ilaa qof kale, iyo dhinac jirka ah dhinaca kale. Qaadashada dhiigga dadka qaar way ka dhib badnaan kartaa kuwa kale.

Khataraha kale ee la xiriira dhiig qaadashada waa yar yihiin, laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Dhiigbax xad dhaaf ah
• Miyir beelid ama dareemid madax-wareer
• Hematoma (dhiig ku ururaya maqaarka hoostiisa)
• Infekshan (halis yar mar kasta oo maqaarku jabo)

RBCs waxay qaadaan haemoglobin taas oo iyaduna keenta ogsijiin. Qadarka oksijiinta ee ay helaan unugyada jirka waxay kuxirantahay qadarka iyo shaqada RBC-yada iyo haemoglobin.

WBCs waa dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha caabuqa iyo ka jawaab celinta difaaca jirka. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo WBC ah oo caadi ahaan dhiiga ka muuqda:

• Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
• Unugyada baandooyinka (nafaqo-yar oo aan bislaan)
• Nooca T-lymphocytes (unugyada T)
• Noocyada B-lymphocytes (unugyada B)
• Monocytes
• Eosinophils
• Basophils

Tirinta dhiigga oo dhammaystiran; Dhiig yarida - CBC

• Unugyada dhiigga cas, unugga sickle
• Megaloblastic anemia - aragtida unugyada dhiigga cas
• Unugyada dhiigga cas, qaabka jeexjeexa
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - waa caadi
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - elliptocytosis
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - spherocytosis
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - unugyo badan oo sickle ah
• Basophil (dhow)
• Duumada, aragtida microscopic ee dulinka unugyada
• Duumada, photomicrograph ee dulinka gacanta
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - unugyada sickle
• Unugyada dhiigga cas - sickle iyo Pappenheimer
• Unugyada dhiigga cas, unugyada bartilmaameedka ah
• Waxyaabaha la sameeyay ee dhiiga
• Tirinta dhiigga oo dhammaystiran - taxane ah

Bunn HF. Kusoo dhowaanshaha dhiig-yaraan. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 25aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 158.

Costa K. Dhiig-baxa. Gudaha: Isbitaalka Johns Hopkins; Hughes HK, Kahl LK, eds. Isbitaalka Johns Hopkins: Buug-gacmeedka Harriet Lane. 21aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 14.

Vajpayee N, Graham SS, Bem S. Baaritaanka aasaasiga ah ee dhiigga iyo dhuuxa lafta. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 22aad. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 30.