Tijaabada dhiigga ee kaladuwan

Tijaabada kala duwanaanta dhiigga waxay cabireysaa boqolkiiba nooc kasta oo unugyada cad cad (WBC) ee aad kuhesho dhiigaaga. Waxay sidoo kale muujineysaa haddii ay jiraan unugyo aan caadi ahayn ama aan qaan gaarin.

Sambal dhiig ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Khabiir ku takhasusay sheybaarka ayaa dhibic dhiiga ah ka qaadaya shaybaarkaaga oo ku marinaya muraayad muraayad ah. Smear waxaa lagu dhajiyay dheeh gaar ah, kaas oo ka caawiya kala soocida noocyada kala duwan ee unugyada dhiigga cad.

Shan nooc oo unugyada dhiigga cad ah, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan leukocytes, ayaa caadiyan ka muuqda dhiigga:

• Neutrophils
• Lymphocytes (unugyada B iyo unugyada T)
• Monocytes
• Eosinophils
• Basophils

Mashiin gaar ah ama bixiye daryeel caafimaad ayaa tiriya tirada nooc kasta oo unug ah. Tijaabadu waxay muujineysaa haddii tirada unugyadu ay si sax ah iskula egyihiin midba midka kale, iyo haddii ay jiraan wax badan ama ka yar oo nooc unug ah.

Diyaargarow gaar ah looma baahna.

Marka irbadda la geliyo si dhiig loo qaado, dadka qaar waxay dareemaan xanuun dhexdhexaad ah. Qaar kale waxay dareemaan oo keliya dharbaaxo ama xaniin. Intaas ka dib, waxaa laga yaabaa in xoogaa wax garaaco ama nabarro yar yeeshaan. Tani dhawaan way tagi doontaa.

Tijaabadani waxaa loo sameeyaa in lagu ogaado infekshan, dhiig-yaraan, ama leukemia. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagula socdo mid ka mid ah xaaladahan, ama si loo arko haddii daaweyntu shaqeynayso.

Noocyada kala duwan ee unugyada dhiigga cad waxaa loo bixiyaa boqolley ahaan:

• Neutrophils: 40% ilaa 60%
• Lymphocytes: 20% ilaa 40%
• Monocytes: 2% ilaa 8%
• Eosinophils: 1% ilaa 4%
• Basophils: 0.5% ilaa 1%
• Guutada (da 'yarta dheefshiidka): 0% ilaa 3%

Cudur kasta ama walaac daran wuxuu kordhiyaa tirada unugyada dhiigga cad. Unugyada unugyada dhiigga cadcad oo sarreeya waxaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u yihiin caabuq, jawaab-celinta difaaca jirka, ama cudurrada dhiigga sida leukemia.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in kororka aan caadiga ahayn ee nooc ka mid ah unugyada dhiigga cad uu sababi karo hoos u dhac boqolkiiba inta noocyada kale ee unugyada dhiigga cad.

Boqolleyda kordhay ee neutrophils waxaa sababi kara:

• Infekshinka degdega ah
• Cadaadis daran
• Eclampsia (suuxdin ama miyir beelid haween uur leh)
• Gout (nooca arthritis-ka sababtoo ah uric acid dhiigga ku jira)
• Noocyada daran ee leukemia
• Cudurada Myeloproliferative
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Qandhada Rheumatic (cudur ay ugu wacan tahay infekshan ku dhaca bakteeriyada kooxda A streptococcus)
• Qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Murugo
• Sigaar cabista

Boqolkiiba hoos udhaca neutrophils waxaa sababi kara:

• Dhiig yaraan (Aplastic anemia)
• Dawaynta kimikalka
• Hargab (ifilo)
• Daaweynta shucaaca ama soo-gaadhista
• Infekshinka fayraska
• Faafida infekshinka bakteeriyada daran

Boqolleyda sii kordheysa ee lymphocytes waxaa sababi kara:

• Infekshinka bakteeriyada ee joogtada ah
• Cagaarshowga faafa (bararka beerka iyo caabuq ka yimaada bakteeriyada ama fayrasyada)
• Cudurka faafa ee mononucleosis, ama mono (infekshin fayras ah oo sababa qandho, cuna xanuun, iyo qanjidhada qanjirada oo barara)
• Lymphocytic leukemia (nooc ka mid ah kansarka dhiigga)
• Myeloma badan (nooc ka mid ah kansarka dhiigga)
• Infekshinka fayraska (sida qaamo-qashiirta ama jadeecada)

Boqolleyda yaraaday ee lymphocytes waxaa sababi kara:

• Dawaynta kimikalka
• Cudurka HIV / AIDS
• Leukemia
• Daaweynta shucaaca ama soo-gaadhista
• Sepsis (daran, jawaab xanuun ee bakteeriyada ama jeermisyada kale)
• Isticmaalka isteeroydhiska

Boqolleyda kordhay ee monocytes waxaa sababi kara:

• Cudurka dabadheeraad ah
• Leukemia
• Infekshinka faafa
• Qaaxada, ama TB (infekshinka bakteeriyada ee ku lug leh sambabada)
• Infekshinka fayraska (tusaale ahaan, mononucleosis faafa, qaamo-qashiirta, jadeecada)

Boqolkiiba kororka eosinophils waxaa sababi kara:

• Cudurka Addison (qanjidhada adrenal ma soo saaraan hormoonno ku filan)
• Dareen-celinta xasaasiyadda
• Kansarka
• Cudurka 'leukemia myelogenous chronic'
• Cudurka xididdada dhiigga ee Collagen
• Cudurrada 'Hypereosinophilic'
• Infekshinka faafa

Boqolkiiba kororka basophils waxaa sababi kara:

• Splenectomy ka dib
• Dareen-celinta xasaasiyadda
• Cudurka 'Myelogenous leukemia' (nooc ka mid ah kansarka dhuuxa lafta)
• Cudurka xididdada dhiigga ee Collagen
• Cudurada Myeloproliferative (koox cudurada dhuuxa lafta)
• Bus-buska

Boqolleyda basophils ee hoos u dhacay waxaa sababi kara:

• Infekshinka degdega ah
• Kansarka
• Dhaawac daran

Khatar yar ayaa ku jirta in dhiigga lagaa qaado. Xididdada iyo halbowlayaasha waxay ku kala duwan yihiin cabirka qof ilaa qof kale, iyo dhinac jirka ah dhinaca kale. Qaadashada dhiigga dadka qaar way ka dhib badnaan kartaa kuwa kale.

Khataraha kale ee la xiriira dhiig qaadashada waa yar yihiin, laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Dhiigbax xad dhaaf ah
• Miyir beelid ama dareemid madax-wareer
• Daloollo badan si loo helo xididdada
• Hematoma (dhiig ku ururaya maqaarka hoostiisa)
• Infekshan (halis yar mar kasta oo maqaarku jabo)

Kala duwanaansho; Kala duwanaansho; Tirada kaladuwan ee unugyada dhiigga

• Basophil (dhow)
• Waxyaabaha la sameeyay ee dhiiga

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Tirada leukocyte ee kala duwan (dhibka) - dhiigga durugsan. Gudaha: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka iyo Nidaamyada Baadhista. 6aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 440-446.

Hutchison RE, Schexneider KI. Xanuunada leukocytic. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 23aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 33.