Baadhitaanka dhiigga ee loo yaqaan 'Proigen-specific antigen' (PSA)

Antigen-gaar ah oo loo yaqaan 'antigen' (PSA) waa borotiin ay soo saaraan unugyada qanjirka 'prostate'.

Baaritaanka PSA waxaa loo sameeyaa si looga caawiyo baaritaanka iyo la socoshada kansarka qanjidhka ragga.

Sambal dhiig ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Hubso in daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaagu ogyahay dhammaan daawooyinka aad qaadato. Daawooyinka qaarkood waxay keenaan in heerkaaga PSA uu been noqdo.

Xaaladaha badankood, looma baahna tallaabooyin kale oo gaar ah oo loogu diyaar garoobo imtixaankan. Waa inaadan iska qaadin baaritaanka PSA ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib markii aad qaadsiisay infekshinka kaadi mareenka ama aad marayso qalliin ama qalliin ku lug leh nidaamka kaadi mareenka. Weydii adeeg bixiyahaaga muddada aad sugeyso.

Waxaad dareemi kartaa xanuun yar ama dharbaaxo markii cirbadda la geliyo. Intaas ka dib, waxaa laga yaabaa inay xoogaa wax garaacaan ama nabar yar. Kuwani mar dhow way baxaan.

Sababaha baaritaanka PSA:

• Baaritaankaan waxaa loo samayn karaa si looga baaro kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'.
• Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu raaco dadka ka dib daaweynta kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' si loo arko haddii kansarku soo laabtay.
• Haddii adeeg bixiyuhu dareemo qanjirka 'prostate' inuu caadi ahayn inta lagu jiro baaritaanka jirka.

WAX BADAN OO KU SAABSAN BARNAAMIJKA Kansarka Prostate

Cabirka heerka PSA wuxuu kordhin karaa fursadda lagu helo kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' marka ay goor hore tahay. Laakiin waxaa jira dood ku saabsan qiimaha baaritaanka PSA ee lagu ogaanayo kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'. Jawaab keliya malahan ragga oo dhan.

Ragga qaarkiis 55 ilaa 69 sano jir, baaritaanka wuxuu gacan ka geysan karaa yareynta fursadda dhimashada kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ragga badan, baaritaanka iyo daaweyntu waxay noqon kartaa waxyeello halkii faa'iido laga heli lahaa.

Kahor baaritaanka, kala hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga waxa ku saabsan faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaaraha uu leeyahay baaritaanka PSA. Weydii wax ku saabsan:

• Haddii baaritaanku yareeyo fursadda aad ugu dhiman karto kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'
• Haddii uu jiro waxyeello ka timaadda baaritaanka kansarka qanjirka 'prostate', sida dhibaatooyinka soo raaca ee baaritaanka ama daweynta kansarka markii la ogaado

Ragga da'doodu ka yar tahay 55 sano waxay leeyihiin fursad sare oo ah inuu ku dhaco kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' waana inay kala hadlaan adeeg bixiyahooda baaritaanka PSA haddii ay:

• Aad leedahay taariikh qoys oo kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' (gaar ahaan walaalkiis ama aabbe)
• Ma yihiin Mareykan Mareykan ah

Natiijada baaritaanka PSA laguma ogaan karo kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'. Kaliya baaritaanka qanjirka 'prostate' ayaa baari kara kansarkan.

Bixiyahaagu wuxuu eegi doonaa natiijadaada PSA wuxuuna tixgelin doonaa da'daada, qoladaada, daawooyinka aad qaadanaysid, iyo waxyaabo kale si loo go'aansado in PSA-gaagu caadi yahay iyo inaad u baahan tahay baaritaanno dheeri ah.

Heerka caadiga ah ee PSA waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inuu yahay 4.0 nanogram halkii mililitir (ng / mL) oo dhiig ah, laakiin tani way ku kala duwan tahay da'da:

• Ragga da'doodu tahay 50 ama ka yar, heerka PSA waa inuu ka hooseeyaa 2.5 xaaladaha badankood.
• Ragga da'da weyn badanaa wax yar ayey ka sarreeyaan heerarka PSA marka loo eego ragga da'da yar.

Heer sare oo PSA ah ayaa lala xiriiriyay fursadda sii kordheysa ee kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'.

Baaritaanka PSA waa aalad muhiim u ah baaritaanka kansarka qanjirka 'prostate', laakiin ma ahan mid nacasnimo ah. Xaaladaha kale waxay sababi karaan kor u kac PSA, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Qanjidho ka weyn
• Caabuqa qanjirka 'prostate'
• Caabuqa kaadi mareenka
• Tijaabooyinkii ugu dambeeyay ee kaadi-haystaada (cystoscopy) ama qanjirka 'prostate' (biopsy)
• Tuubada kateetarka ayaa dhowaan la geliyay kaadi-haystaada si ay kaadi ugu daadiso
• Galmada ugu dambeysa ama biyo baxa
• Baarista walamadka ee ugu dambeysay

Bixiyahaaga ayaa tixgelin doona waxyaabaha soosocda markii uu go'aan ka gaarayo talaabada xigta:

• Dadaada
• Haddii aad horey u soo martay tijaabada PSA iyo inta ay le'eg tahay iyo sida dhakhsaha badan ee heerkaaga PSA u isbeddelay
• Haddii qanjirka 'prostate' la helay intii lagu jiray baaritaankaaga
• Calaamadaha kale ee aad yeelan karto
• Waxyaabaha kale ee halista u ah kansarka qanjirka 'prostate', sida isirka iyo taariikhda qoyska

Ragga khatarta sare kujira waxay u baahan karaan baaritaano dheeri ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Ku celcelinta baaritaankaaga PSA, badiyaa mararka qaarkood 3 bilood gudahood. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad marka hore daawo ka hesho infekshinka qanjirka 'prostate'.
• Cad ka-qaadista qanjirka 'prostate' ayaa la samayn doonaa haddii heerka ugu horreeya ee PSA uu sarreeyo, ama haddii heerku marba marka ka dambaysa sii kordhayo marka PSA-ga la cabiro.
• Imtixaan dabagal ah oo loo yaqaan PSA lacag la'aan ah (fPSA). Tani waxay cabireysaa boqolkiiba PSA ee dhiigaaga oo aan ku xirneyn borotiinada kale. Heerka hoose ee baaritaankaan, ayay u badan tahay inuu jiro kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'.

Tijaabooyin kale ayaa sidoo kale la samayn karaa. Doorka saxda ah ee tijaabooyinkan ee go aan ka gaarista daaweynta ma cada.

• Tijaabin kaadi oo loo yaqaan PCA-3.
• MRI-ka qanjirka 'prostate' ayaa laga yaabaa inuu gacan ka geysto aqoonsiga kansarka aagga prostate-ka oo ay adag tahay in la gaaro inta lagu jiro baaritaanka jirka.

Haddii lagaa daweeyey kansarka qanjirka 'prostate', heerka PSA wuxuu muujin karaa haddii daaweyntu shaqeyneyso ama haddii kansarku soo noqday. Badanaa, heerka PSA wuu kacaa kahor intaanay jirin wax calaamado ah. Tani waxay dhici kartaa bilo ama sannado kahor.

Khatar yar ayaa ku jirta in dhiigga lagaa qaado. Xididdada iyo halbowlayaasha waxay ku kala duwan yihiin cabirka qof ilaa qof kale, iyo dhinac jirka ah dhinaca kale. Qaadashada dhiigga dadka qaar way ka dhib badnaan kartaa kuwa kale. Khataraha kale ee la xiriira dhiig qaadashada waa yar yihiin, laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Dhiigbax xad dhaaf ah
• Daloollo badan si loo helo xididdada
• Miyir beelid ama dareemid madax-wareer
• Hematoma (dhiig ku ururaya maqaarka hoostiisa)
• Infekshan (halis yar mar kasta oo maqaarku jabo)

Qanjirka 'Prostate-specific'; Tijaabada baaritaanka kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'; PSA

• Daaweynta qanjirka 'prostate' - dheecaan

• Baaritaanka dhiigga

Morgan TM, Palapattu GS, Partin AW, Wei JT. Calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' Gudaha: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urolojiga. 11aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: cutubka 108.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Baadhitaanka kansarka qanjidhka kaadi mareenka (PDQ) - nooca caafimaadka mihnadeed. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-screening-pdq#section/all. La cusbooneysiiyay Oktoobar 18, 2019. La helay Janaayo 24, 2020.

EJ yar. Kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 191.

Xoogagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga ee Mareykanka; Grossman DC, Curry SJ, iyo al. Baadhitaanka kansarka qanjirka 'prostate cancer': Bayaanka talobixinta ee Kooxda Ka-hortagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga Mareykanka. JAMA. 2018; 319 (18): 1901-1913. PMID: 29801017 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801017.