Imtixaanka Garashada

Qanacsan

• Waa maxay baaritaanka garashada?
• Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?
• Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka garashada?
• Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka garashada?
• Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax kasta si aan ugu diyaar garoobo imtixaanka garashada?
• Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?
• Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?
• Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado baaritaanka garashada?
• Tixraacyo

Waa maxay baaritaanka garashada?

Baaritaanka garashada ayaa lagu ogaadaa dhibaatooyinka xagga garashada. Garashada ayaa ah isku darka geedi socodka maskaxdaada oo ku lug leh ku dhowaad qayb kasta oo noloshaada ka mid ah. Waxaa ka mid ah fikirka, xusuusta, luqadda, xukunka, iyo awoodda aad ku baran karto waxyaabo cusub. Dhibaatada xagga garashada waxaa loo yaqaan garashada naafanimada. Xaaladda ayaa u dhexeysa mid fudud ama mid daran.

Waxaa jira sababo badan oo xagga garashada cilladda ah. Waxay ka mid yihiin waxyeelooyinka daawooyinka, cilladaha xididdada dhiigga, niyad-jabka, iyo waallida. Waallida waa eray loo isticmaalo luminta daran ee shaqeynta maskaxda. Cudurka Alzheimer waa nooca ugu badan ee waallida.

Imtixaanka garashada ma muujin karo sababaha gaarka ah ee cilladda. Laakiin imtixaanku wuxuu ka caawin karaa bixiyahaaga inuu ogaado haddii aad u baahan tahay baaritaanno dheeri ah iyo / ama aad qaaddo tallaabooyin wax looga qabanayo dhibaatada.

Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo imtixaanno garasho ah. Imtixaanada ugu caansan waa:

• Qiimeynta Garashada Montreal (MoCA)
• Imtixaanka Gobolka Maskaxda Yar (MMSE)
• Mini-Cog

Dhammaan saddexda imtixaan waxay ku cabbiraan hawlaha maskaxda iyada oo loo marayo su'aalo taxane ah iyo / ama hawlo fudud.

Magacyada kale: Qiimaynta garashada, Qiimaynta Garashada Montreal, Imtixaanka MoCA, Imtixaanka Gobolka ee Maskaxda Yar (MMSE), iyo Mini-Cog

Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?

Imtixaanka garashada waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu baaro cillad garasho xumo (MCI). Dadka qaba MCI waxaa laga yaabaa inay ogaadaan isbeddelada ku yimaada xusuustooda iyo howlaha kale ee maskaxda. Isbedelada ma ahan kuwo aad u daran oo saameyn weyn ku yeelan kara nolol maalmeedkaaga ama howlahaaga caadiga ah. Laakiin MCI waxay halis u noqon kartaa naafonimo daran. Haddii aad leedahay MCI, adeeg bixiyahaagu wuxuu ku siin karaa dhowr baaritaan waqti ka dib si loo hubiyo hoos u dhaca ku yimaada shaqada maskaxda.

Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka garashada?

Waxaad u baahan kartaa baaritaanka garashada haddii aad muujiso astaamo cillad garasho. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Iska ilaawida balamaha iyo dhacdooyinka muhiimka ah
• Waxyaabaha badanaa lumiya
• Dhibaato kaa haysato inaad la timaadid ereyo aad caadi ahaan taqaanno
• Luminta tareenkaaga fikirka ee wada sheekaysiga, filimada, ama buugaagta
• Ciil iyo / ama walaac kordhay

Qoyskaaga ama asxaabtaadu waxay kugula talin karaan in la baaro haddii ay arkaan astaamahan midkood.

Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka garashada?

Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo imtixaanno garasho ah. Mid kastaa wuxuu ku lug leeyahay ka jawaabida su'aalaha taxanaha ah iyo / ama qabashada hawlo fudud. Waxaa loogu talagalay inay ka caawiyaan cabirka howlaha maskaxda, sida xusuusta, luqadda, iyo awooda lagu aqoonsado walxaha. Noocyada ugu badan ee baaritaanka waa:

• Imtixaanka Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Imtixaan daqiiqad 10-15 ah oo ay ku jiraan xafidista liis gaagaaban oo ereyo ah, aqoonsashada sawirka xayawaan, iyo nuqul ka sameynta sawir ama shay.
• Imtixaanka Gobolka Maskaxda Yar (MMSE). Imtixaan daqiiqad ah 7-10 oo ay kujirto magaca taariikhda hadda, dib u tirinta gadaal, iyo garashada walxaha maalin walba sida qalin ama saacad.
• Mini-Cog. Imtixaan daqiiqad ah oo 3-5 ah oo ay ku jiraan dib u soo celinta liistada walxaha oo saddex erey ah iyo saacad sawir.

Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax kasta si aan ugu diyaar garoobo imtixaanka garashada?

Uma baahnid wax diyaargarow gaar ah oo loogu talagalay imtixaanka garashada.

Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?

Khatar maleh inaad yeelato baaritaanka garashada.

Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?

Haddii natiijooyinka baaritaankaagu aysan caadi ahayn, waxay ka dhigan tahay inaad waxoogaa dhibaato ah ka haysato xusuusta ama hawl kale oo maskaxeed. Laakiin ma baari doono sababta. Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo inuu sameeyo baaritaano dheeri ah si loo ogaado sababta. Noocyada cillad garashada qaarkood waxaa sababa xaalado caafimaad oo la daweyn karo. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Cudurka qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Dhibaatooyinka ay keento daawooyinka
• Fitamiin la’aanta

Xaaladahaas, dhibaatooyinka garashada ayaa laga yaabaa inay horumariyaan ama xitaa si buuxda u nadiifiyaan daaweynta ka dib.

Noocyada kale ee cillad garashada lama daaweyn karo. Laakiin daawooyinka iyo isbeddelada hab-nololeedka caafimaadka leh waxay gacan ka geysan karaan gaabiska hoos u dhaca maskaxda mararka qaarkood. Ogaanshaha waallida ayaa sidoo kale ka caawin karta bukaanka iyo qoysaskooda inay u diyaargaroobaan baahiyaha caafimaad ee mustaqbalka.

Haddii aad su'aalo qabto ama aad ka walaacsan tahay natiijooyinkaaga, la hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga.

Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado baaritaanka garashada?

Imtixaanka MoCA badanaa wuu ku fiicanyahay helitaanka cillad maskaxeed oo khafiif ah. MMSE wuxuu ku fiican yahay helitaanka dhibaatooyinka garashada ee aadka u daran. Mini-Cog badanaa waa la isticmaalaa maxaa yeelay waa dhakhso, si sahlan loo isticmaalo, oo si ballaaran loo heli karo. Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu sameeyo mid ama kabadan baaritaanadan, waxay kuxirantahay xaaladaada.

Tixraacyo

1. Ururka Alzheimer [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Alzheimer; c2018. Naafad La'aanta Garashada (MCI); [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment
2. Ururka Alzheimer [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Alzheimer; c2018. Waa maxay Alzheimer ?; [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers
3. Ururka Alzheimer [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Alzheimer; c2018. Waa Maxay Asaasaqa ?; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia
4. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada [Internetka]. Atlanta: U.S.Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha; Naafada Garashada: Wicitaan Waxqabad, Hada !; 2011 Feb [tixraacay 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cdc.gov/aging/pdf/cognitive_impairment/cogimp_poilicy_final.pdf
5. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada [Internetka]. Atlanta: Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Hindisaha Maskaxda Caafimaadka leh; [cusboonaysiiyay 2017 Jan 31; daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cdc.gov/aging/healthybrain/index.htm
6. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Aasaaska Mayo ee Caafimaadka Caafimaadka iyo Cilmi-baarista; c1998–2018. Cilad garasho la'aan (MCI): Cilad-garasho iyo daaweyn; 2018 Agoosto 23 [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354583
7. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Aasaaska Mayo ee Caafimaadka Caafimaadka iyo Cilmi-baarista; c1998–2018. Dhimasho xagga garashada (MCI): Calaamadaha iyo sababaha; 2018 Agoosto 23 [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment/symptoms-causes/syc-20354578
8. Nooca Merck Manual Consumer Version [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Shirkadda Merck & Co. c2018. Imtixaanka neerfaha; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain,-spinal-cord,-and-nerve-disorders/diagnosis-of-brain,-spinal-cord,-and-nerve-disorders/neurologic-examination
9. Buugga 'Merck Manual Professional Version' [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Shirkadda Merck & Co. c2018. Sida loo Qiimeeyo Xaaladda Maskaxda; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/neurologic-examination/how-to-assess-mental-status
10. Michigan Medicine: Jaamacadda Michigan [Internet]. Ann Arbor (MI): Regents ee Jaamacadda Michigan; c1995–2018. Naafad La'aanta Garashada; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 5 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uofmhealth.org/brain-neurological-conditions//mild-cognitive-impairment
11. Machadka Qaranka ee Gabowga [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Qiimeynta Cilad Garashada Bukaannada Waayeelka ah; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/assessing-cognitive-impairment-older-patients
12. Machadka Qaranka ee Gabowga [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Waa Maxay Cudurka Alzheimer ?; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-alzheimers-disease
13. Machadka Qaranka ee Gabowga [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Waa Maxay Dhimasho La'aanta Garashada ?; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-mild-cognitive-impairment
14. Norris DR, Clark MS, Shipley S. Imtixaanka Xaalada Maskaxda. Am Fam Dhakhtarka [Internet]. 2016 Oktoobar 15 [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; 94 (8) :; 635–41. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/1015/p635.html
15. Maanta Daawada Geriatric [Internet]. Magaalada Guga (PA): Daabacaadda Dooxada Weyn; c2018. MMSE iyo MoCA: Maxaad Tahay Inaad Ogaato; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 2 shaashadood]; Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.todaysgeriatricmedicine.com/news/ex_012511_01.shtml
16. U .S. Waaxda Arimaha Halyeeyada [Internet]. Washington DC: Waaxda Arimaha Halyeeyada Mareykanka; Baaritaanka Cudurka Parkinson, Waxbarashada iyo Xarumaha Caafimaadka: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); 2004 Nofeembar 12 [daliishaday 2018 Nofeembar 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.parkinsons.va.gov/consortium/moca.asp
17. Xoogagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga ee Mareykanka [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Xoogagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga ee Mareykanka; Baadhitaan ku saabsan garashada cillad la'aanta dadka waaweyn; [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/482/dementes/pdf
18. Xueyan L, Jie D, Shasha Z, Wangen L, Haimei L. Isbarbardhigga qiimaha Mini-Cog iyo baaritaanka MMSE ee aqoonsiga degdegga ah ee bukaan-socodka Shiinaha ee qaba cillad maskaxeed oo fudud. Daawada [Internetka]. 2018 Jun [daliishaday 2018 Nov 18]; 97 (22): e10966. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Fulltext/2018/06010/Comparison_of_the_value_of_Mini_Cog_and_MMSE.74.aspx

Macluumaadka ku yaal boggan waa in aan loo isticmaalin beddel daryeel caafimaad oo xirfad leh ama talo. La xiriir bixiye daryeel caafimaad haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid caafimaadkaaga.