Lymphocytes: waxay yihiin iyo sababta loo badali karo

Qanacsan

• Lymfocytes la beddelay
• 1. Lymphocytes sare
• 2. lymphocytes hooseeya
• Noocyada lymphocytes
• Waa maxay lymphocytes aan caadi ahayn?

Lymphocytes waa nooc unug unug difaac ah, sidoo kale loo yaqaan unugyada dhiiga cad, oo lagu soo saaro tiro aad u badan markii uu jiro infekshan, sidaas darteedna waa tilmaame wanaagsan oo ku saabsan xaaladda caafimaad ee bukaanka.

Caadi ahaan, tirada lymphocytes waxaa lagu qiimeyn karaa baaritaanka dhiigga, markii la ballaadhiyona, badanaa waa calaamad muujinaysa infekshin, sidaa darteed, waxaa lagula talinayaa in lala tashado dhakhtar guud si loo ogaado dhibaatada loona bilaabo daaweyn habboon.

Lymfocytes la beddelay

Qiimaha tixraaca caadiga ah ee lymphocytes wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 1000 ilaa 5000 lymphocytes halkii mm³ oo dhiig ah, taas oo ka dhigan 20 ilaa 50% tirada qaraabada, waana ku kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo loo eegayo shaybaarka baaritaanka lagu sameynayo. Marka qiimayaashu ka sarreeyaan ama ka hooseeyaan qiimaha tixraaca, sawirka lymphocytosis ama lymphopenia ayaa lagu gartaa, siday u kala horreeyaan.

1. Lymphocytes sare

Tirada lymphocytes ee ka sarreeya qiimaha tixraaca waxaa loo yaqaan 'lymphocytosis' waxayna badanaa la xiriirtaa hababka faafa. Sidaa darteed, sababaha ugu waaweyn ee lymphocytes-ka waa:

• Infekshannada daran, sida mononucleosis, dabaysha, jadeecada, rubella, dengue ama xiiq-dheer, tusaale;
• Infekshannada raaga, sida qaaxada, duumada;
• Cagaarshowga fayraska;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Dhiig yaraanta, taas oo lagu garto yaraanta folic acid iyo fitamiin B12;
• Sunta sunta iyo birta culus;
• Sonkorowga;
• Cayilka;
• Xasaasiyad.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, kordhinta tirada lymphocytes sidoo kale waxay ku dhici kartaa xaaladaha jir ahaaneed, sida haweenka uurka leh iyo dhallaanka, marka lagu daro cilladaha nafaqada, sida fitamiin C, D ama kalsiyum yaraan.

2. lymphocytes hooseeya

Tirada lymphocytes ee ka hooseeya qiimaha tixraaca waxaa loo yaqaan 'lymphopenia' waxayna badanaa la xiriirtaa xaaladaha ku lug leh dhuuxa lafta, tusaale ahaan dhiig yari ama leukemia, tusaale ahaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, lymphopenia sidoo kale waxay calaamad u noqon kartaa cudurada isdifaaca jirka, taas oo jirka laftiisa uu u dhaqmo ka soo horjeedka habka difaaca jirka, sida lupus erythematosus systemic, tusaale ahaan (SLE).

Lymphopenia wali way ku dhici kartaa cudurka AIDS-ka, daawada difaaca jirka ee difaaca jirka ama daaweynta kiimikada ama daaweynta shucaaca, cudurada ku dhaca hiddo-wadaha dhifka ah, ama waxay noqon karaan natiijo ka timaadda xaalado walaac leh, sida qalliinka kadib iyo culeyska jirka, tusaale ahaan.

Noocyada lymphocytes

Waxaa jira 2 nooc oo waaweyn oo ah lymphocytes jirka, B lymphocytes, kuwaas oo ah unugyo aan qaan gaarin oo laga soo saaray dhuuxa lafta loona sii daayo dhiiga si loo soo saaro unugyada ka hortaga bakteeriyada, fayrasyada iyo fungi, iyo T lymphocytes, oo lagu soo saaro dhuuxa lafta. laakiin ka dib lagu sameeyo cinjirka ilaa ay u qaybsamaan 3 kooxood:

• Qanjirka 'CD4 T' waxay caawiyaan lymphocytes B si loo baabi'iyo infekshannada, iyagoo ah feejignaanta ugu horreysa ee nidaamka difaaca jirka. Kuwani caadi ahaan waa unugyada ugu horreeya ee uu saameeyo fayraska HIV, bukaannada cudurka qaba baaritaanka dhiiggu wuxuu muujinayaa qiime ka hooseeya 100 / mm³.
• Qanjirka 'CD8 T' hoos u dhigista howlaha noocyada kale ee lymphocytes sidaa darteedna, waxaa lagu kordhiyaa kiisaska HIV;
• Cudurka 'Cytotoxic T lymphocytes': baabi'iyaan unugyada aan caadiga ahayn oo ay qaadaan fayrasyada ama bakteeriyada.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, tijaabooyinka nooca lymphocytes, gaar ahaan nooca CD4 ama CD8, waa in had iyo jeer loo fasiro dhakhtar si loo qiimeeyo haddii ay jirto halista ah inuu qabto HIV, tusaale ahaan, maadaama cuduro kale ay sidoo kale sababi karaan isla noocyada isbeddellada.

Marka, haddii uu jiro wax shaki ah oo ku saabsan infekshinka HIV, waxaa lagugula talinayaa inaad sameyso baaritaanka shaybaarka oo ka baaraya fayraska unugyada jirka. Waxbadan ka baro baaritaanka HIV.

Waa maxay lymphocytes aan caadi ahayn?

Qanjirka 'atypical lymphocytes' waa 'lymphocytes' oo soo bandhiga qaab noocyo badan leh waxayna u muuqdaan si caadi ah marka ay jiraan infekshanno, inta badan infekshannada fayraska, sida mononucleosis, herpes, AIDS, rubella iyo busbus. Marka lagu daro muuqaalka infekshinka fayraska, lymphocytes atypical waxaa lagu garan karaa tirinta dhiigga markii uu jiro infekshan bakteeriya, sida qaaxada iyo waraabowga, infekshinka borotokoolka, sida toxoplasmosis, marka uu jiro xasaasiyad daroogo ama cudurada isdifaaca jirka, sida lupus.

Badanaa tirada lymphocytes-ku waxay ku soo noqotaa caadi (qiimaha tixraaca ee lymphocytes atypical waa 0%) marka wakiilka keena infekshanka la tirtiro.

Qanjiradan 'lymphocytes' waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay firfircoon yihiin T lymphocytes-ka kuwaas oo loo soo saaro jawaabta nooca cudurka qaba ee loo yaqaan 'lymphocytes' isla markaana waxay qabtaan shaqooyin la mid ah kuwa loo yaqaan 'lymphocytes' ee jawaabta difaaca jirka. Qanjirka 'atypical lymphocytes' guud ahaan wuu ka weyn yahay lymphocytes-ka caadiga ah wuxuuna ku kala duwan yahay qaab ahaan.