Dhaqanka Xaakada

Qanacsan

• Waa maxay dhaqanka xaakadu?
• Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?
• Maxaan ugu baahanahay dhaqanka xaakada?
• Maxaa dhaca inta lagu guda jiro dhaqanka xaakada?
• Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?
• Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?
• Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?
• Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado dhaqanka xaakada?
• Tixraacyo

Waa maxay dhaqanka xaakadu?

Dhaqanka xaakadu waa baaris lagu hubiyo bakteeriyada ama noole kale oo sababi kara infekshan ku dhaca sambabahaaga ama marinnada neefta ee u horseeda sambabada. Xaakada, sidoo kale loo yaqaan xaakada, waa nooc qaro weyn oo xab ah oo sambabkaaga lagu sameeyo. Haddii aad qabto infekshan ama jirro daba-dheer oo saameysa sambabaha ama marinnada hawada, waxay kaa dhigi kartaa inaad qufacdid xaako.

Xaako lama mid aha candhuuf ama candhuuf. Xaakada waxay ka kooban tahay unugyo ka tirsan nidaamka difaaca jirka oo ka caawiya la dagaallanka bakteeriyada, fungi, ama walxaha kale ee ajaanibta ah ee ku jira sambabahaaga ama marinnada hawada. Dhumucda xaakadu waxay caawisaa dabin alaabada shisheeye. Tani waxay u oggolaaneysaa cilia (timo yaryar) ee marin-haweedka inay ku riixaan afka oo lagu qufaco.

Xaakadu waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah dhowr midab oo kala duwan. Midabbada ayaa kaa caawin kara aqoonsiga nooca infekshanka aad yeelan karto ama haddii jirro daba-dheeraatay ay ka sii dartay:

• Cad Tan macnaheedu badanaa cudur ma jiro, laakiin xaddi badan oo xaako ah ayaa astaan ​​u noqon kara cudurka sambabka.
• Cadaan ama cirro. Tani sidoo kale waxay noqon kartaa wax iska caadi ah, laakiin qaddarka oo kordha waxay macnaheedu noqon karaa cudur sambabo.
• Jaale madow ama cagaar. Tani waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay infekshinka bakteeriyada, sida oof wareenka. Xaakada cagaaran ee cagaarka ayaa sidoo kale ku badan dadka qaba cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis waa cudur la iska dhaxlo oo sababa xab ka soo baxa sambabada iyo xubnaha kale.
• Bunni. Tani waxay badanaa ka muuqataa dadka sigaarka caba. Sidoo kale waa calaamad guud oo lagu garto cudurka sambabka ee madoow. Cudurka sambabka ee madoow waa xaalad halis ah oo dhici kara haddii muddo dheer kugu habsato boodhka dhuxusha.
• Casaan Tani waxay calaamad u noqon kartaa barar sambabka, xaalad ah dheecaan saa'id ah oo ku soo kordha sambabada. Bararka sambabka ayaa ku badan dadka qaba wadnaha oo shaqadiisa gabay.
• Casaan Tani waxay noqon kartaa calaamad hore ee kansarka sanbabada. Waxay sidoo kale noqon kartaa calaamad muujinaysa sambabka sanbabada, xaalad naf-gooya oo dhiig xinjirow lugta ama qayb kale oo jirka ka mid ahi jajabto oo uu u safro sambabada. Haddii aad qufacayso xaako cas ama dhiig ah, wac 911 ama raadso daryeel caafimaad oo degdeg ah.

Magacyada kale: dhaqanka neefsiga, dhaqanka xaakada bakteeriyada, dhaqanka xaakada caadiga ah

Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?

Dhaqanka xaakada badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa:

• Soo hel oo baadho bakteeriyada ama fungi laga yaabo inay sababaan infekshan ku dhaca sambabaha ama hawadda.
• Eeg haddii jirro joogto ah ee sambabaha ay ka sii dartay.
• Eeg haddii daaweynta caabuqa ay shaqeyneyso.

Dhaqanka xaakada badanaa waxaa lagu sameeyaa baaritaan kale oo loo yaqaan 'Gram stain'. Shaybaarka 'Gram stain' waa baaritaan lagu hubiyo bakteeriyada goobta laga shakisan yahay infekshin ama dheecaannada jirka sida dhiigga ama kaadida. Waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad ogaato nooca cudurka qaaska ah ee laga yaabo inaad qabtid.

Maxaan ugu baahanahay dhaqanka xaakada?

Waxaad u baahan kartaa baaritaankaan haddii aad leedahay calaamadaha oof-wareenka ama infekshan kale oo daran oo ku dhaca sambabaha ama marinnada hawada. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Qufac soo saaraya xaako badan
• Qandho
• Qabow
• Neefta oo kugu yaraata
• Laab xanuun kaa sii daraya markaad si qoto dheer u neefsato ama aad qufacdo
• Daal
• Jahwareerka, gaar ahaan dadka waaweyn

Maxaa dhaca inta lagu guda jiro dhaqanka xaakada?

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa u baahan doona inuu kaa qaado saamiga xaakada. Inta lagu jiro baaritaanka:

• Bixiye daryeel caafimaad ayaa ku weydiin doona inaad si qoto dheer u neefsato ka dibna aad si qoto dheer ugu qufacdo koob gaar ah.
• Bixiyahaagu wuxuu kugu dhufan karaa xabadka si uu kaaga caawiyo in xaakada ka furto sanbabadaada.
• Haddii aad dhib ku qabtid qufaca xaako kugu filan, adeeg bixiyahaaga ayaa ku weydiin kara inaad ku neefsato ceeryaamo cusbo leh oo kaa caawin karta inaad si qoto dheer u qufacdo.
• Haddii aadan wali qufaci karin xaako kugu filan, adeeg bixiyahaagu wuxuu sameyn karaa hanaan loo yaqaan 'bronchoscopy'. Nidaamkan, waxaad marka hore heli doontaa daawo kaa caawinaysa inaad nasato, ka dibna dawo kabuubiso ah si aadan xanuun u dareemin.
• Markaa dhuun dhuuban oo khafiif ah ayaa lagaa gelin doonaa afkaaga ama sankaaga iyo marinnada hawada.
• Bixiyahaagu wuxuu ka soo qaadan doonaa sambal marinkaaga neefta isagoo isticmaalaya burush yar ama nuugid.

Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?

Waxa laga yaabaa inaad u baahatid inaad afkaaga biyo kaga maydhid kahor sambalka lagaa qaadayo. Haddii lagaa qaadayo bronchoscopy, waxaa lagaa codsan karaa inaad soonto (ha cunin ama cabin) hal ilaa laba saacadood baaritaanka ka hor.

Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?

Khatar kuma jirto in weel weel xaako ah la siiyo. Haddii aad qaadatay baaritaanka cudurka 'bronchoscopy', hungurigaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu xanuun dareemo qalliinka ka dib.

Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?

Haddii natiijooyinkaagu caadi ahaayeen, macnaheedu maahan inaan la helin bakteeriyo waxyeello leh ama fungi. Haddii natiijooyinkaagu aysan caadi ahayn, waxay noqon kartaa inaad qabtid nooc ka mid ah jeermiska bakteeriyada ama fungal. Bixiyahaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo inuu sameeyo baaritaano dheeri ah si loo ogaado nooca cudurka aad qabtid. Noocyada ugu badan ee bakteeriyada waxyeelada leh ee laga helo dhaqanka xaakada waxaa ka mid ah kuwa sababa:

• Burunkiito
• Boronkiito
• Qaaxada

Natiijada dhaqanka xaakada oo aan caadi ahayn ayaa sidoo kale macnaheedu noqon karaa kacsanaanta xaalad daba dheeraatay, sida cystic fibrosis ama cudur sambabaha oo xaniba (COPD). COPD waa cudur sambabaha ah oo adkeeya neefsashada.

Haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid natiijooyinkaaga, la hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga.

Wax badan ka baro baaritaanka shaybaarka, kala duwanaanshaha tixraaca, iyo fahamka natiijooyinka.

Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado dhaqanka xaakada?

Xaakada waxaa loo gudbin karaa xaakada ama xabka. Dhamaan ereyada waa sax, laakiin xaako iyo xaako waxay kaliya tixraacayaan xabka lagu sameeyo habka neefsashada (sambabada iyo hawo mareenka). Xaakada (xaakada) waa a nooca xab. Xabka ayaa sidoo kale lagu samayn karaa meel kale oo jirka ah, sida kaadi mareenka ama xubinta taranka.

Tixraacyo

1. Ururka Wadnaha Mareykanka [Internet]. Dallas (TX): American Heart Association Inc.; c2020. Calaamadaha iyo Cilad-baarista Dhiig-baxa Dhiig-baxa (VTE); [daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/venous-thromboembolism/symptoms-and-diagnosis-of-venous-thromboembolism-vte
2. Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka; c2020. Dhuxusha Shaqaalaha 'Pneumoconiosis (Cudurka Sambabka Madoow); [daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/black-lung
3. Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka; c2020. Cudurka 'Cystic Fibrosis' (CF); [daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/cystic-fibrosis
4. Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka; c2020. Astaamaha Oof-wareenka iyo Cilad-sheegista; [daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/symptoms-and-diagnosis
5. Caafimaadka Carruurta Saacadaha (Internetka). Jacksonville (FL): Mu'asasada Nemours; c1995–2020. Sambabka iyo Nidaamka Neefsashada; [waxaa ku xusan 2020 Jun 4]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/lungs.html
6. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2020. Gram Stain; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2019 Dec 4; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/gram-stain
7. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2020. Dhaqanka Xaakada, Bakteeriyada; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2020 Jan 4; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/sputum-culture-bacterial
8. Machadka Wadnaha, Sambabka, iyo Machadka Dhiiga [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Bronchoscopy: Guudmarka; [waxaa laga soo xigtay 2020 Jun 30]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/bronchoscopy
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10. Jaamacadda Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Jaamacadda Rochester Medical Center; c2020. Caafimaadka Encyclopedia: Dhaqanka Xaakada; [daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=sputum_culture
11. Caafimaadka UW [Internetka]. Madison (WI): Jaamacadda Wisconsin Isbitaalada iyo Maamulka Rugta; c2020. Macluumaadka Caafimaadka: COPD (Cudurka Sambabka ee Halista ah): Guudmarka Mawduuca; [cusboonaysiiyay 2019 Jun 9; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/copd-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease/hw32559.html
12. Caafimaadka UW [Internetka]. Madison (WI): Jaamacadda Wisconsin Isbitaalada iyo Maamulka Rugta; c2020. Macluumaadka Caafimaadka: Dhaqanka Xaakada: Sida Loo Sameeyo; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2020 Jan 26; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 5 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5711
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14. Caafimaadka UW [Internetka]. Madison (WI): Jaamacadda Wisconsin Isbitaalada iyo Maamulka Rugta; c2020. Macluumaadka Caafimaadka: Dhaqanka Xaakada: Khataraha; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2020 Jan 26; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 7 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5721
15. Caafimaadka UW [Internetka]. Madison (WI): Jaamacadda Wisconsin Isbitaalada iyo Maamulka Rugta; c2020. Macluumaadka Caafimaadka: Dhaqanka Xaakada: Guudmarka Imtixaanka; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2020 Jan 26; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5696
16. Caafimaadka UW [Internetka]. Madison (WI): Jaamacadda Wisconsin Isbitaalada iyo Maamulka Rugta; c2020. Macluumaadka Caafimaadka: Dhaqanka Xaakada: Maxaa Loo Sameeyay; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2020 Jan 26; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5701
17. Caafimaad Aad U Fiican [Internet]. New York: Ku saabsan, Inc; c2020. Maxaa Kordhiya Qaddarka Xaakada; [cusboonaysiiyay 2020 May 9; daliishaday 2020 Meey 31]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-sputum-2249192

Macluumaadka ku yaal boggan waa in aan loo isticmaalin beddel daryeel caafimaad oo xirfad leh ama talo. La xiriir bixiye daryeel caafimaad haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid caafimaadkaaga.