Mononeuropathy

Mononeuropathy waa waxyeelo hal dareemayaal ah, taas oo keenta luminta dhaqdhaqaaqa, dareenka, ama shaqada kale ee neerfahaas.

Mononeuropathy waa nooc ka mid ah waxyeellada dareemayaasha ka baxsan maskaxda iyo xudunta laf-dhabarka (peripheral neuropathy).

Mononeuropathy badanaa waxaa sababa dhaawac. Cudurada ku dhaca jirka oo dhan (cilladaha nidaamka) waxay sidoo kale sababi karaan dhaawac dareemayaasha oo go'doon ah.

Cadaadis waqti dheer ah oo ku dhaca dareemaha barar ama dhaawac ayaa sababi kara mononeuropathy. Daboolka dareemaha (myelin galka) ama qeyb ka mid ah unugyada neerfaha (axon) ayaa laga yaabaa inuu waxyeello soo gaaro. Dhaawacani wuxuu gaabiyaa ama ka joojiyaa calaamadaha inay ku dhex socdaan dareemayaasha dhaawacmay.

Mononeuropathy waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa qayb kasta oo jirka ka mid ah. Noocyada caadiga ah ee mononeuropathy waxaa ka mid ah:

• Ciladda neerfaha ee Axillary (luminta dhaqdhaqaaqa ama dareenka garabka)
• Ciladda neerfaha ee caadiga ah (luminta dhaqdhaqaaqa ama dareenka cagaha iyo lugta)
• Cudurka 'tunpal tunnel syndrome' (cilladaha neerfaha ee dhexdhexaadka ah - oo ay ku jiraan kabuubyo, xoqid, daciifnimo, ama murqaha oo ku dhaca gacanta iyo faraha)
• Mononeuropathy Cranial III, IV, isku soo ururin ama nooca sonkorowga
• Cudurka mononeuropathy VI (aragti dheer)
• Cudurka mononeuropathy VII (curyaannimo wajiga ah)
• Cilad-darrada neerfaha ee jirka (luminta dhaqdhaqaaqa ama dareenka qayb ka mid ah lugta)
• Ciladda neerfaha ee shucaaca (dhibaatooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa gacanta iyo curcurka iyo dareenka gadaasha gacanta ama gacanta)
• Cilad-darrada neerfaha (dhibaatada muruqyada dhabarka jilibka iyo lugta hoose, iyo dareenka dhabarka bowdada, qayb ka mid ah lugta hoose, iyo cagaha)
• Ciladaha dareemayaasha Ulnar (cillad tunnel syndrome) - oo ay ku jiraan kabuubyo, xatooyo, daciifnimo xagga hoose iyo hoose ee cududda, calaacalaha, giraanta iyo faraha yar)

Astaamuhu waxay kuxiranyihiin dareemayaasha gaarka ah ee ay saameeyeen, waxaana kamid noqon kara:

• Dareenka oo luma
• Curyaannimo
• Xanuun, gubasho, xanuun, dareemo aan caadi ahayn
• Tabar darrida

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed wuxuuna diirada saari doonaa aagga ay dhibaatadu saameysey. Taariikh caafimaad oo faahfaahsan ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo ogaado sababta suurtagalka ah ee cilladda.

Tijaabooyinka la qaadi karo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Electromyogram (EMG) si loo hubiyo dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada ee muruqyada
• Tijaabooyinka dareeraha dareeraha (NCV) si loo hubiyo xawaaraha dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada ee neerfaha
• Ultrasoundka neerfaha si aad u eegto neerfaha
• Raajo, MRI ama CT scan si loo helo aragtida guud ee aagga ay dhibaatadu saameysey
• Tijaabooyinka dhiigga
• Cad ka-qaadista neerfaha (haddii ay dhacdo mononeuropathy oo ay ugu wacan tahay vasculitis)
• Imtixaanka CSF
• Cad ka-qaadista maqaarka

Ujeeddada daaweynta ayaa ah in laguu oggolaado inaad isticmaasho qaybta jirka ee ay dhibaatadu gaadhay inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah.

Xaaladaha caafimaad qaarkood waxay ka dhigaan neerfaha kuwo u nugul dhaawaca. Tusaale ahaan, dhiig karka iyo sokorowgu waxay dhaawici karaan halbowlaha halbowlaha, kaas oo inta badan saameyn ku yeelan kara hal dareere. Marka, xaaladda salka ku haysa waa in la daaweeyaa.

Fursadaha daaweynta waxaa ku jiri kara mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Dawooyinka xanuunka joojiya ee laga iibsado miiska, sida dawooyinka kahortaga bararka ee xanuunka fudud
• Dawooyinka lidka diiqadda, dawooyinka lidka ku ah dawooyinka lidka ku ah, iyo dawooyinka la midka ah ee xanuunka daba dheeraada
• Cirbadaha dawooyinka steroid si loo yareeyo bararka iyo cadaadiska dareemayaasha
• Qalliin si looga yareeyo cadaadiska dareemaha
• Jimicsiyada jimicsiga jirka si loo ilaaliyo awooda murqaha
• Burooyin, kabayaal, ama aalado kale oo ka caawiya dhaqdhaqaaqa
• Kicinta dareemayaasha korantada ee Transcutaneous (TENS) si loo hagaajiyo xanuunka neerfaha ee la xiriira sonkorowga

Mononeuropathy waxay noqon kartaa mid naafo ah oo xanuun leh. Haddii sababta keenta cilladda neerfaha la helo oo si guul leh loo daweeyo, soo kabasho buuxda ayaa suurtagal ah xaaladaha qaarkood.

Xanuunka neerfaha wuxuu noqon karaa mid aan fiicnayn oo soconaya waqti dheer.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Cillad xumada, luminta cadka
• Waxyeellooyinka daawada
• Dhaawac soo noqnoqday ama aan la dareemin oo ku yimid aagga ay dhibaatadu saameysey dareen la'aan awgeed

Ka fogaanshaha cadaadiska ama dhaawaca naxdinta leh ayaa ka hortagi kara noocyo badan oo mononeuropathy ah. Daaweynta xaaladaha sida dhiig karka ama sonkorowga ayaa sidoo kale yareynaya halista ah inuu ku dhaco cudurka.

Neuropathy; Mononeuritis gooni ah

• Nidaamka neerfaha iyo nidaamka neerfaha ee durugsan

Machadka Qaranka ee Cudurrada Neerfaha iyo Websaydhka Stroke. Xaashida xaqiiqda ee durugsan ee durugsan. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Peripheral-Neuropathy-Fact-Sheet.waxaa laga yaabaa La cusbooneysiiyay Maarso 16, 2020. Waxaa la helay Ogosto 20, 2020.

Smith G, Xishood ME. Cudurka neuropathies ee durugsan. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 392.

Snow DC, Bunney EB. Ciladaha neerfaha ee durugsan. Gudaha: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Daawada Degdega ah ee Rosen: Fikradaha iyo Tababarka Caafimaadka. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 97.