Ciladaha iswada

Cilad is-beddel la'aan ah ayaa dhacda marka nidaamka difaaca jirka uu weeraro oo uu burburiyo unugyada jirka ee caafimaadka qaba si qalad ah. Waxaa jira in kabadan 80 nooc oo cuduro iswada.

Unugyada dhiigga ee ku jira nidaamka difaaca jirka ayaa ka caawiya ka hortagga walxaha waxyeelada leh. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah bakteeriyada, fayrasyada, sunta, unugyada kansarka, iyo dhiigga iyo nudaha ka imanaya jirka dibadiisa. Maaddooyinkaas waxaa ku jira antigens. Nidaamka difaaca wuxuu soo saaraa unugyo difaaca jirka oo ka dhan ah antigens-ka kuwaas oo awood u siinaya inay burburiyaan walxahaan waxyeellada leh.

Markaad leedahay cillad isdifaac ah, habkaaga difaaca uma kala soocayo unugyada caafimaadka qaba iyo antigens-ka waxyeelada u leh. Sidaa darteed, jidhku wuxuu dejiyaa falcelin baabi'isa unugyada caadiga ah.

Sababta saxda ah ee cudurada isdifaaca jirka lama oga. Hal aragti ayaa ah in nooleyaasha qaarkood (sida bakteeriyada ama fayrasyada) ama daroogooyinka ay kicin karaan isbeddellada jahwareerinaya habka difaaca jirka. Tani waxay badanaa ku dhici kartaa dadka qaba hiddo-wadaha kuwaas oo ka dhigaya kuwo u nugul xanuunnada is-difaaca jirka.

Ciladda isdifaaca jirka waxay sababi kartaa:

• Burburinta unugyada jirka
• Koritaanka aan caadiga ahayn ee xubin
• Isbedelada shaqada xubnaha jirka

Ciladda isdifaaca jirka waxay saameyn ku yeelan kartaa hal ama in ka badan noocyada unugyada ama unugyada. Meelaha inta badan ay saameeyaan cilladaha is-difaaca jirka waxaa ka mid ah:

• Xididada dhiiga
• Nudaha isku xidhka ah
• Qanjidhada Endocrine sida qanjirka 'thyroid' ama 'pancreas'
• Laabatooyinka
• Murqaha
• Unugyada dhiigga cas
• Maqaarka

Qofku wuxuu yeelan karaa wax ka badan hal cudur oo isdifaaca jirka isla waqti isku mid ah. Xanuunada iswada jirka ee caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Cudurka Addison
• Cudurka 'Celiac' - murgacasho '' gluten-sensitive enteropathy '
• Dermatomyositis
• Cudurka xabaalaha
• Hashimoto thyroiditis
• Cudurka 'sclerosis' oo badan
• Myasthenia gravis
• Dhiig yaraanta
• Arthritis-ka falcelinta leh
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Sjögren syndrome
• Nidaamka lupus erythematosus
• Nooca I sonkorowga

Calaamaduhu way kala duwanaan doonaan, iyadoo lagu saleynayo nooca iyo meesha jawaab celinta difaaca cilladdu ay ka jirto. Calaamadaha caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Daal
• Qandho
• Dareen guud (xanuun)
• Xanuun wadajir ah
• Firiiric

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed. Calaamaduhu waxay kuxiranyihiin nooca cudurka.

Tijaabooyinka laga yaabo in lagu sameeyo si loo ogaado cillad isdifaaca jirka ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Tijaabooyinka antiinuclear antibody
• Imtixaanada autoantibody
• CBC
• Guddi dheef-shiid kiimikaad dhammaystiran
• C-reactive protein (CRP)
• Qiyaasta qanjirka 'Erythrocyte' (ESR)
• Kaadida

Ujeeddooyinka daaweynta waa:

• Xakamee habka isdifaaca jirka
• Joogtee awooda jirka ee la dagaalanka cudurka
• Iska yaree calaamadaha

Daaweyntu waxay ku xirnaan doontaa cudurkaaga iyo astaamahaaga. Noocyada daaweynta waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kaabisyo lagu beddelayo walax jirka ka maqan yahay, sida hormoonka tayroodhka, fiitamiin B12, ama insulin, cudurka jirkiisa awgood
• Dhiiga lagu shubo hadii dhiigu saameyn ku yeesho
• Daaweyn jireed oo ka caawisa dhaqdhaqaaqa haddii lafaha, kala-goysyada, ama murqaha ay saameeyaan

Dad badan ayaa qaata daawooyinka si loo yareeyo jawaab celinta aan caadiga ahayn ee habka difaaca jirka. Kuwani waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan daawooyinka difaaca jirka. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah corticosteroids (sida prednisone) iyo dawooyinka nonsteroid sida azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate, sirolimus, ama tacrolimus. Daawooyinka la bartilmaameedsaday sida kuwa xannibaadda burooyinka necrosis (TNF) iyo xannibaadayaasha 'Interleukin inhibitors' ayaa loo isticmaali karaa cudurrada qaarkood.

Natiijadu waxay kuxirantahay cudurka. Badanaa cudurrada isdifaaca jirka waa kuwa daba dheeraada, laakiin inbadan ayaa lagu xakameyn karaa daaweynta.

Astaamaha cudurada isdifaaca jirka ayaa imaan kara soona noqon kara. Markay astaamuhu ka sii daraan, waxaa loo yaqaan soo-kicid.

Dhibaatooyinku waxay kuxiran yihiin cudurka. Daawooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu xakameeyo nidaamka difaaca jirka waxay sababi karaan waxyeelo daran, sida halista infekshannada oo aad u sarreeya.

Wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga haddii aad isku aragto astaamaha cillad isdifaaca jirka.

Ma jiro ka hortag la yaqaan oo loogu talagalay inta badan xanuunada isdifaaca jirka.

• Cudurka xabaalaha
• Cudurka Hashimoto (thyroiditis joogto ah)
• Cudurka 'sclerosis' oo badan
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Nidaamka lupus erythematosus
• Dareeraha Synovial
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Antibodies

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Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Cudurada habka difaaca jirka. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins iyo Cotran Pathologic Aasaaska Cudurka. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: cutubka 6.

Peakman M, Buckland MS. Nidaamka difaaca jirka iyo cudurka. Gudaha: Kumar P, Clark M, eds. Kumar iyo Clarke’s Clinical Medicine. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 8.

Jiilaalka WE, Harris NS, Merkel KL, Collinsworth AL, Clapp WL. Cudurrada isdifaaca jirka ee gaarka ah. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 23aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 54.