Immunotherapy ee kansarka

Immunotherapy waa nooc ka mid ah daaweynta kansarka kaas oo ku tiirsan habka difaaca jirka ee caabuqa (habka difaaca jirka). Waxay u isticmaashaa walxaha uu sameeyo jirka ama shaybaarka si ay uga caawiyaan habka difaaca jirka inuu u shaqeeyo si ka sii adag ama qaab bartilmaameed u leh la dagaalanka kansarka. Tani waxay ka caawineysaa jirkaaga inuu ka takhaluso unugyada kansarka.

Immunotherapy waxay u shaqeysaa:

• Joojinta ama gaabinta koritaanka unugyada kansarka
• Ka hortagga kansarka inuu ku faafo qaybaha kale ee jirka
• Kordhinta awooda habka difaaca jirka ee looga takhaluso unugyada kansarka

Waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo ah tallaalka difaaca jirka ee kansarka.

Nidaamka difaaca ayaa jirka ka ilaaliya infekshanka. Waxay tan ku samaysaa iyada oo lagu ogaado jeermiska sida bakteeriyada ama fayrasyada isla markaana la sameeyo borotiinno la dagaallama infekshinka. Barootiinadan waxaa loo yaqaan antibodies.

Saynisyahannadu waxay unugyada unugyada kansarka ku samayn karaan unugyo kansar ah halkii ay ka raadin lahaayeen bakteeriyada. Waxaa loogu yeeraa unugyada difaaca jirka ee monoclonal, sidoo kale waa nooc daaweyn la beegsanayo.

Qaar ka mid ah unugyada difaaca jirka ee monoclonal waxay ku shaqeeyaan iyagoo ku dhegan unugyada kansarka. Tani waxay u sahlaysaa unugyada kale ee uu sameeyo habka difaaca jirka inay helaan, weeraraan, dilaanna unugyada.

Unugyada unugyada kale ee monoclonal waxay ku shaqeeyaan iyaga oo xannibaya calaamadaha dusha sare ee unugga kansarka ee u sheegaya inuu kala qaybsamo.

Nooc kale oo ka mid ah antibiyootikada monoclonal wuxuu u qaadaa shucaac ama daawo kiimiko ah unugyada kansarka. Maaddooyinkan kansarka dilaa waxay kuxiran yihiin unugyada unugyada kansarka, oo markaa sunta u gudbiya unugyada kansarka.

Unugyada jirka ee Monoclonal ayaa hadda loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo noocyada ugu badan ee kansarka.

"Isbaarooyinka" waa maaddooyin gaar ah oo ku jira unugyada difaaca jirka qaarkood oo nidaamka difaaca uu daaran yahay ama daminayo si loo abuuro jawaab difaac. Unugyada kansarku waxay isticmaali karaan isbaarooyinkaan si looga hortago in nidaamka jirku u weeraro.

Kahortagayaasha isbaarada isdifaaca waa nooc cusub oo antibiyootiko monoclonal ah oo wax ka qabta isbaarooyinkaan si kor loogu qaado nidaamka difaaca jirka si markaa ay u weeraraan unugyada kansarka.

Xakamaynta PD-1 waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo noocyo kala duwan oo kansar ah.

Xakamaynta PD-L1 daaweeyo kansarka kaadiheysta, kansarka sanbabada, iyo kansarka Merkel cell carcinoma, waxaana laga baari karaa noocyada kale ee kansarka.

Daawooyinka la bartilmaameedsado CTLA-4 daaweeyo melanoma maqaarka, kansarka kalyaha, iyo noocyo kale oo badan oo kansar ah oo muujinaya noocyo isbeddel ah.

Daaweyntani waxay kor u qaadaysaa habka difaaca jirka guud ahaan guud ahaan unugyada difaaca jirka ee monoclonal. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn:

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) waxay ka caawisaa unugyada difaaca inay si dhakhso leh u koraan oo u kala baxaan. Nooca shaybaarka lagu sameeyo ee IL-2 ayaa loo adeegsadaa noocyada horumarsan ee kansarka kalyaha iyo melanoma.

Alfa Interferon (INF-alfa) waxay unugyada difaaca jirka qaarkood ka dhigeysaa kuwo awood u leh inay weeraraan unugyada kansarka. Marar dhif ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo:

• Unugyada timaha leh ee leukemia
• Cudurka 'leukemia myelogenous chronic'
• Qanjiraha aan-Hodgkin ahayn ee 'follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma'
• Cudurka maqaarka (maqaarka) T-cell lymphoma
• Kansarka kilyaha
• Melanoma
• Kaposi sarcoma

Daaweynta noocan ahi waxay isticmaashaa fayrasyo ​​lagu beddelay shaybaar si ay u qaadsiiyaan una dilaan unugyada kansarka. Marka unugyadan ay dhintaan, waxay soo daayaan walxaha loo yaqaan antigens. Antigens-yadaani waxay u sheegaan habka difaaca jirka inay bartilmaameedsadaan oo ay dilaan unugyada kale ee kansarka ee jirka ku jira.

Nooca noocan ah ee difaaca jirka ayaa hadda loo isticmaalaa in lagu daweeyo melanoma.

Dhibaatooyinka soo raaca ee noocyada kala duwan ee difaaca jirka ee kansarka waxay ku kala duwan yihiin nooca daaweynta. Dhibaatooyinka qaarkood waxay dhacaan meesha cirbada ama IV-ga jirka ka galo, taasoo keeneysa aagga inuu noqdo:

• Xanuun ama xanuun
• Barar
• Casaan
• Cuncun

Waxyeellooyinka kale ee suurtagalka ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Calaamadaha ifilada u eg (qandho, qarqaryo, daciifnimo, madax xanuun)
• Lalabbo iyo matag
• Shuban
• Muruq ama wadajir xanuun
• Dareemo aad u daal badan
• Madax xanuun
• Cadaadis dhiig oo hooseeya ama sareeya
• Caabuq ku dhaca beerka, sambabada, xubnaha jirka ee endocrine, mareenka caloosha, ama maqaarka

Daaweyntani waxay sidoo kale u keeni kartaa falcelin xasaasiyadeed daran, mararka qaarkood dhimasho, xasaasiyadeed ee dadka xasaasiga u ah maaddooyinka qaarkood ee daaweynta. Si kastaba ha noqotee, tani waa dhif iyo naadir.

Daaweynta bayoolojiga; Daaweynta dabiiciga ah

Shabakada kansarka.Net. Fahmitaanka daaweynta jirka. www. La cusbooneysiiyay Janaayo, 2019. Waxaa la helay 27-kii Maarso, 2020.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Unugyada CAR T: unugyada difaaca bukaannada injineernimada si loo daweeyo kansarkooda. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/research/car-t-cells. La cusbooneysiiyay Luulyo 30, 2019. Waxaa la helay 27-kii Maarso, 2020.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Immunotherapy ee lagu daaweeyo kansarka. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy.Waxaad ka ogtahay La cusbooneysiiyay Sebtember 24, 2019. Waxaa la helay 27-kii Maarso, 2020.

Tseng D, Schultz L, Pardoll D, Mackall C. Tallaalka kansarka. Gudaha: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 6.

• Immunotherapy Kansarka