Glioma indhaha

Gliomas waa burooyin ka soo baxa qaybaha kala duwan ee maskaxda. Gliomas-ka indhaha ayaa saameyn kara:

• Mid ama labadaba neerfayaasha indhaha ee macluumaadka isha ugu qaada maskaxda isha kasta
• Chiasm optic, aagga ay dareemayaasha indhaha isku gudbaan hortiisa hypothalamus ee maskaxda

Glioma-ka 'optic glioma' sidoo kale wuu ku kori karaa glioma hypothalamic.

Gliomas-ka indhaha waa dhif. Sababta keenta aragga indhaha (optic gliomas) lama garanayo. Inta badan optic gliomas waa tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiibna u leh carruurta.

Waxaa jira xiriir adag oo udhaxeeya optic glioma iyo nooca neurofibromatosis nooca 1 (NF1).

Calaamadaha waxaa u sabab ah burooyinka sii kordhaya oo ku cadaadinaya dareemaha indhaha iyo dhismooyinka ku dhow. Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Dhaqdhaqaaqa kubbadda indhaha ee ikhtiyaariga ah
• Dibedda oo ku soo boodda mid ama labada indhood
• Isu-xoqid
• Aragtida oo ku yaraata hal ama labada indhood ee ka bilaabma lumista aragga durugsan aakhirkana u horseedda indho la’aan

Ilmuhu wuxuu muujin karaa calaamadaha cudurka 'diencephalic syndrome', oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Hurdo maalmeed
• Xusuusta oo hoos u dhacday iyo shaqada maskaxda
• Madax xanuun
• Koritaanka oo daahday
• Lumida dufanka jirka
• Matagid

Baadhitaanka maskaxda iyo habdhiska dareenka (neerfaha) ayaa muujinaya luminta araga hal ama labada indhood. Waxaa jiri kara isbeddelo ku dhaca dareemaha indhaha, oo ay ku jiraan barar ama nabar nabar ku yimaadda neerfaha, ama cirro iyo dhaawac ku yimaadda qalabka indhaha.

Buroda waxay u kala bixi kartaa qaybaha qotada dheer ee maskaxda. Waxaa jiri kara calaamado cadaadis saa'id ah oo maskaxda ku jira (intracranial pressure). Waxaa jiri kara calaamado muujinaya neurofibromatosis nooca 1 (NF1).

Tijaabooyinka soo socda waa la samayn karaa:

• Cudurka maskaxda
• Baadhitaanka unugyada laga soo saaray burooyinka inta lagu guda jiro qalliinka ama baarista lagu hago baaritaanka CT-ga si loo xaqiijiyo nooca burada
• Madaxa CT scan ama MRI ee madaxa
• Imtixaannada muuqaalka muuqaalka ah

Daaweyntu way ku kala duwan tahay cabirka burooyinka iyo caafimaadka guud ee qofka. Hadafku wuxuu noqon karaa in la daaweeyo cilladda, laga yareeyo astaamaha, ama la hagaajiyo aragga iyo raaxada.

Qalliin si looga saaro burooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu daweeyo xoogaa indhaha. Qeyb ka saarid si loo yareeyo xajmiga burooyinka waxaa lagu sameyn karaa xaalado badan. Tani waxay ka ilaalin doontaa burooyinka inay waxyeeleeyaan unugyada maskaxda caadiga ah ee ku wareegsan. Dawaynta kimikalka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa carruurta qaarkood. Dawaynta kimikalku waxay si gaar ah waxtar u yeelan kartaa marka buurku ku fido hypothalamus ama haddii aragtida ay ka sii dartay koritaanka burooyinka.

Daaweynta shucaaca ayaa lagugula talin karaa xaaladaha qaarkood marka burooyinka ay sii kordhayaan inkastoo daaweynta kiimiko ah, qalliinna aysan suurtagal ahayn Xaaladaha qaarkood, daaweynta shucaaca waa la daahi karaa maxaa yeelay burooyinka ayaa si tartiib ah u koraya. Carruurta qabta NF1 badiyaa ma heli doonaan shucaac dhibaatooyinka soo raaca awgood.

Corticosteroids ayaa loo qori karaa si loo yareeyo bararka iyo caabuqa inta lagu jiro daaweynta shucaaca, ama haddii astaamuhu soo noqdaan.

Ururada bixiya taageerada iyo macluumaad dheeri ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kooxda Kansarka Carruurta - www.childrensoncologygroup.org
• Shabakada Neurofibromatosis - www.nfnetwork.org

Aragtida ayaa aad ugu kala duwan qof walba. Daaweynta hore waxay hagaajineysaa fursadda natiijada wanaagsan. Dabagal taxaddar leh oo lala yeesho koox daryeel oo khibrad u leh burooyinka noocan ah ayaa muhiim ah.

Marka aragga laga waayo koritaanka burada aragga, dib uma noqon karto.

Caadi ahaan, koritaanka burodu waa mid aad u gaabis ah, xaaladduna way deggan tahay muddo dheer. Si kastaba ha noqotee, burooyinka way sii wadi karaan inay koraan, sidaas darteed waa in si dhow loola socdaa.

Wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga wixii lumis aragga ah, barar aan xanuun lahayn oo isha ah, ama calaamado kale oo xaaladdan ah.

La-talinta hidda-sidaha ayaa lagula talin karaa dadka qaba NF1. Imtixaannada indhaha ee joogtada ahi waxay u oggolaan karaan ogaanshaha hore ee burooyinkaas ka hor intaanay keenin astaamo.

Glioma - optic; Glioma neerfaha maskaxda; Astrocytoma da 'yarta pilocytic; Kansarka maskaxda - optic glioma

• Neurofibromatosis I - ballaarinta qalabka indhaha

Eberhart CG. Isha iyo adnexa indhaha. Gudaha: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai iyo Ackerman's Pathology. 11aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 45.

Goodden J, Mallucci C. Wadada Optic hypothalamic gliomas. Gudaha: Winn HR, ed. Youmans iyo Qalliinka neerfaha ee Winn. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 207.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Cilladaha ku dhaca dareemaha indhaha. Gudaha: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Caruurta. 21aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 649.