Goiter fudud

Goiter fudud waa balaadhinta qanjirka 'thyroid'. Badanaa maaha buro ama kansar.

Qanjirka 'thyroid' waa xubin muhiim u ah nidaamka endocrine. Waxay ku taalaa dhinaca hore ee qoorta wax yar ka sareysa meesha ay qoortaadu ku shiraan. Qanjirka ayaa sameeya hormoonnada xakameeya sida unug kasta oo jirka ka mid ahi u isticmaalo tamar. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan 'metabolism'.

Yaraanta iodine waa sababta ugu badan ee keenta goiter. Jidhku wuxuu u baahan yahay iodine si loo soo saaro hormoonka tayroodhka. Haddii aadan haysan iodine kugu filan cuntadaada, tayroodhku wuu sii weynaanayaa si uu isugu dayo una soo qabto dhammaan iodine-ka uu awoodo, sidaa darteed wuxuu sameyn karaa xaddiga saxda ah ee hoormoonka tayroodhka. Marka, goiter wuxuu calaamad u noqon karaa in qanjirka 'thyroid' uusan awoodin inuu sameeyo hormoon tayroodh ku filan. Isticmaalka milixda iodized-ka ee Mareykanka ayaa ka hortageysa yaraanta iodine-ka cuntada.

Sababaha kale ee goiter waxaa ka mid ah:

• Nidaamka difaaca jirka ee weerara qanjirka 'thyroid' (dhibaatada isdifaaca jirka)
• Daawooyinka qaarkood (lithium, amiodarone)
• Caabuqyada (dhif)
• Sigaar cabista
• Cunista xaddi aad u tiro badan oo ah cuntooyinka qaarkood (soy, lawska, ama khudradda ku jirta broccoli iyo qoyska kaabajka)
• Sunta qanjirka 'nodular goiter', oo ah qanjirka 'tayroodh' balaaran oo leh koritaan yar ama koriimo badan oo loo yaqaan qanjira, oo soosaara hormoon tayroodh aad u tiro badan

Goiters fudud ayaa ku badan:

• Dadka ka weyn da'da 40
• Dadka leh taariikh qoys ee goiter
• Dadka ku dhasha kuna koray meelaha ay ku yar tahay iodine
  
• Haweenka

Calaamadaha ugu muhiimsan waa qanjirka 'thyroid' oo la balaadhiyo. Cabirku wuxuu u dhexeyn karaa hal nuugo oo yar ilaa tiro ballaaran oo xagga hore ah qoorta.

Dadka qaarkood ee qaba goiter fudud waxay yeelan karaan astaamo qanjirka 'thyroid' qanjidhada aan firfircooneyn.

Marar dhif ah, qanjirka 'tayroodh' oo la ballaadhiyo ayaa cadaadis saari kara hawo-mareenka (trachea) iyo tuubada cuntada (hunguriga). Tani waxay u horseedi kartaa:

• Dhibaatooyinka neefsashada (oo leh cirbad aad u ballaaran), gaar ahaan markaad dhabarka u jiifsato ama markaad gacmaha la soo kacdo
• Qufac
• Cabaadis
• Dhibaatooyinka wax liqidda, gaar ahaan cuntada adag
• Xanuun aagga qanjirka 'thyroid' ah

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed. Tani waxay ku lug leedahay inaad dareento qoortaada markaad wax liqayso. Barar ku dhaca aagga tayroodhka ayaa la dareemi karaa.

Haddii aad leedahay goiter aad u weyn, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad cadaadis saarto xididdada qoorta. Natiijo ahaan, markii adeeg bixiyuhu kaa codsado inaad gacmahaaga kor uga qaaddo madaxaaga, waxaad dareemi kartaa wareer.

Tijaabooyinka dhiigga ayaa la dalban karaa si loo cabbiro shaqada tayroodh:

• Tiroksiin bilaash ah (T4)
• Hormone-kiciyaha hormoonka tayroodhka (TSH)

Tijaabooyinka lagu raadinayo aagagga aan caadiga ahayn iyo suurtagalnimada kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' waxaa ka mid ah:

• Baadhitaanka qanjirka 'thyroid' iyo qaadashada
• Ultrasound ee qanjirka 'thyroid'

Haddii qanjira laga helo ultrasound, biopsy ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo hubiyo kansarka tayroodhka.

Goiter wuxuu kaliya u baahan yahay in la daaweeyo haddii uu keenayo calaamado.

Daaweynta loogu talagalay tayroodh ballaadhan waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kiniiniyada beddelka hormoonka tayroodhka haddii xiniinyaha ay sabab u tahay tayroodh aan firfircooneyn
• Qiyaaso yar oo ah iodine-ka Lugol ama potassium iodine xal haddii goiter ay sabab u tahay yaraanta iodine
• Iodine-ka shucaaca shucaaca leh si loo yareeyo qanjidhada haddii qanjirka 'thyroid' uu soo saarayo hormoon tayroodh badan
• Qalliin (thyroidectomy) si looga saaro dhammaan ama qayb ka mid ah qanjidhada

Goiter fudud ayaa kaligiis baabi'i kara, ama wuu weynaan karaa. Waqti ka dib, qanjirka 'thyroid' ayaa laga yaabaa inuu joojiyo sameynta hormoon tayroodh ku filan. Xaaladdan waxaa loo yaqaan 'hypothyroidism'.

Xaaladaha qaarkood, goiter wuxuu noqdaa sun wuxuuna soo saaraa hormoonka tayroodhka kaligiis. Tani waxay sababi kartaa heerar sare ee hoormoonka tayroodhka, xaalad loo yaqaan 'hyperthyroidism'.

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad isku aragto wax barar ah xagga hore ee qoortaada ama astaamo kale oo goiter ah.

Adeegsiga milixda iodized-ka ah waxay ka hortagtaa inta badan goiters fudud.

Goiter - fudud; Cudurka Endemic; Goorta Colloidal; Cunto aan sun ahayn

• Ka saarida qanjirka 'thyroid' - dheecaan

• Ballaarinta qanjirka 'thyroid' - scintiscan
• Qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Cudurka Hashimoto (thyroiditis joogto ah)

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism iyo thyroiditis. Gudaha: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Buugga Buugga Endocrinology. 14aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 13.

Hegedüs L, Paschke R, Krohn K, Bonnema SJ. Goolal badan. Gudaha: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 90.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 213.

Smith JR, Wassner AJ. Goiter. Gudaha: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Caruurta. 21aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 583.