Dhallaanka hypothyroidism

Dhalashada hypothyroidism ayaa hoos u dhacday soosaarka hoormoonka tayroodhka ee dhalaanka cusub. Xaaladaha dhifka ah, looma soo saaro hormoon tayroodh ah. Xaaladda waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'hypothyroidism congenital'. Dhalasho macnaheedu waa dhalashada laga bilaabo.

Qanjirka 'thyroid' waa xubin muhiim u ah nidaamka endocrine. Waxay ku taalaa dhinaca hore ee qoorta, wax yar oo ka koreeya halka ay qoorta isku xidho. Qanjirka 'Thyroid' wuxuu sameeyaa hormoonno xakameeya sida unug kasta oo jirka ka mid ahi u isticmaalo tamar. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan 'metabolism'.

Hypothyroidism-ka ilmaha dhasha waxaa sababi kara:

• Qanjirka 'thyroid' oo maqan ama si liidata u soo baxay
• Qanjirka 'pituitary gland' ee aan kicin qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Hoormoonka tayroodhka ee sida liidata u sameysan ama aan shaqeynin
• Daawooyinka ay hooyadu qaadatay mudadii uurka
• Iodine la’aanta cuntada hooyada inta ay uurka leedahay
• Antibodies-yada ay sameyso jirka hooyada ee xannibaya shaqada qanjirka 'thyroid' ee ilmaha

Qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aan si buuxda loo horumarin ayaa ah cilladda ugu badan. Gabdhaha waxaa ku dhaca laba jibbaar inta wiilasha.

Inta badan dhallaanka ay dhibaatadu soo gaarto wax yar ama ma laha astaamo. Tani waa sababta oo ah heerkooda hoormoonka tayroodhka ayaa xoogaa yar. Dhallaanka qaba hypothyroidism daran badanaa waxay leeyihiin muuqaal gaar ah, oo ay ku jiraan:

• Muuqaal caajis ah
• Waji Puffy
• Carab dhumuc leh oo banaanka ka soo baxa

Muuqaalkani badanaa wuu kobcayaa markii cudurku ka sii daro.

Ilmuhu wuxuu kaloo yeelan karaa:

• Quudin liidata, dhacdooyin ceejis ah
• Calool fadhiga
• Timo qallalan oo jaban
• Oohin kulul
• Cagaarshow (maqaarka iyo caddaanka indhaha ayaa u muuqda jaalle)
• Muruq yaraan (ilmo jilicsan)
• Khadka timaha oo hooseeya
• Dherer Gaaban
• Hurdo
• Caajisnimo

Imtixaanka jireed ee ilmaha ayaa laga yaabaa inuu muujiyo:

• Muruqyada oo yaraaday
• Si tartiib tartiib ah
• Qaylo ama dhawaq dhawaq leh
• Gacmo gaagaaban iyo lugaha
• Dhibco jilicsan oo aad u ballaaran oo ku yaal dhakada (fontanelles)
• Gacmo ballaaran oo leh faro gaagaaban
• Lafaha qalfoofka oo aad u kala fog

Baadhitaannada dhiigga ayaa loo sameeyaa si loo hubiyo shaqada tayroodh. Tijaabooyinka kale waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Shaybaarka 'ultrasound scan'
• Raajo ee lafaha dhaadheer

Cilad-sheegista hore aad ayey muhiim u tahay. Inta badan saameynta hypothyroidism way fududahay in laga noqdo. Sababtaas awgeed, gobollada Mareykanka badankood waxay u baahan yihiin in dhammaan dhallaanka cusub laga baaro hypothyroidism.

Thyroxine waxaa badanaa la siiyaa daaweynta hypothyroidism. Mar alla markii uu cunuggu bilaabo qaadashada daawadan, baaritaannada dhiigga ayaa si joogto ah loo sameeyaa si loo hubiyo in heerarka hoormoonka tayroodhku ay ku jiraan heer caadi ah.

Helitaanka cudurka goor hore ayaa badanaa keenta natiijo wanaagsan. Ilmaha dhasha ah ee la ogaado lana daaweeyo bisha ugu horeysa ama sida caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin caqli caadi ah.

Hypothyroidism aan la daaweyn wuxuu u horseedi karaa naafonimo maskaxeed iyo dhibaatooyin koritaan. Nidaamka neerfaha wuxuu maraa horumar muhiim ah bilaha ugu horeeya dhalashada kadib. La'aanta hoormoonka tayroodhka waxay sababi kartaa dhaawac aan dib loo celin karin.

Wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyaha haddii:

• Waxaad dareemeysaa in ilmahaagu uu muujinayo astaamo ama astaamo cudurka hypothyroidism
• Adigu aad uur leedahay oo aad la kulantay daawooyinka antithyroid ama nidaamyada

Haddii haweeney uur leh ay u qaadato iodine shucaac leh kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid', qanjirka 'thyroid' ayaa lagu baabi'in karaa uurjiifka soo koraya. Dhallaanka ay hooyooyinkood qaateen dawooyinka noocaas ah waa in si taxaddar leh loogu fiirsadaa dhalashadooda ka dib calaamadaha cudurka hypothyroidism. Sidoo kale, haweenka uurka lihi waa inaysan iska ilaalin cusbada lagu daro iodine-ka.

Gobollada badankood waxay ubaahan yahiin baaris joogto ah oo lagu baaro dhammaan dhallaanka cusub ee qaba hypothyroidism. Haddii gobolkaagu aanu lahayn shuruudahan, weydii adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii ilmahaaga dhasha ay tahay in la baaro.

Cretinism; Hoos-u-dhaca hypothyroidism

Chuang J, Gutmark-Little I, Rose SR. Ciladaha qanjirka 'thyroid' ee ku dhaca dhalashada. Gudaha: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff iyo Martin ee Dhallaanka-Dhalashada Uur-jiifka: Cudurada ku dhaca Uur-jiifka iyo Dhallaanka. 10aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: cutubka 97.

Wassner AJ, Smith JR. Hypothyroidism. Gudaha: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Caruurta. 21aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 581.