Sonkorowga iyo cudurka indhaha
Sonkorowgu waxyeello ayuu u geysan karaa indhaha. Waxay dhaawici kartaa xididdada dhiigga yar ee qaybta dambe ee isha, qeybta dambe ee ishaada. Xaaladdan waxaa loo yaqaan 'retinopathy' oo kaadi macaan leh.
Sonkorowgu wuxuu kaloo kordhiyaa fursada inuu yeesho glaucoma, cataracts, iyo dhibaatooyinka kale ee indhaha.
Cudurka 'retinopathy' ee sonkorowga waxaa sababa waxyeello ka timaadda sonkorowga oo ku dhaca xididdada dhiigga ee isha. Qaybta dambe ee isha (retina) waa lakabka unugyada ee gadaasha isha gudaha. Waxay beddeleysaa iftiinka iyo sawirrada isha ka gala calaamadaha neerfaha, ee loo diro maskaxda.
Cudurka 'retinopathy' ee sonkorowga waa sababta ugu weyn ee hoos u dhaca aragga ama indho la'aanta dadka Ameerikaanka ah ee jira 20 illaa 74 sano. Dadka qaba nooca 1 ama nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga waxay halis ugu jiraan xaaladan.
Fursadda inuu ku dhaco cudurka 'retinopathy' iyo inuu yeesho qaab aad u daran ayaa ka sarreeya markii:
- Waxaad qabtey sonkorow waqti dheer.
- Sonkorta dhiiggaaga (gulukoosta) si wanaagsan ayaa loo xakameeyay.
- Adiguba waad sigaar cabtaa ama waxaad leedahay dhiig kar ama kolestarool sareeya.
Haddii aad hore u dhaawacday xididdada dhiigga ee ishaada, noocyada jimicsiga qaarkood ayaa dhibaatada ka sii dari kara. Ka hubi bixiyahaaga daryeelka caafimaadka kahor intaadan bilaabin barnaamijka jimicsiga.
Dhibaatooyinka kale ee indhaha ee ku dhici kara dadka qaba cudurka macaanka waxaa ka mid ah:
- Cataract - Daruuraha muraayada indhaha.
- Glaucoma - Cadaadiska isha ku kordha oo u horseedi kara indho la'aan.
- Bararka Macular - aragga oo xumaada sababo la xiriira dheecaan ku daadanaya aagga qaybta dambe ee isha oo bixisa aragti dhexe oo fiiqan.
- Go'itaanka qaybta dambe ee isha - Nabar nabar ku ah oo sababi kara in qayb ka mid ah qaybta dambe ee isha ay ka soo baxaan gadaasha ishaada isha.
Sonkorta dhiigga oo sarreysa ama isbeddelada degdegga ah ee heerka sonkorta dhiigga ayaa inta badan sababa aragga oo xumaada. Tani waa sababta oo ah muraayadaha indhaha ee bartamaha isha ma beddeli karaan qaab markay sokor badan iyo biyo ku leeyihiin muraayadaha indhaha. Tani ma aha dhibaatada la mid ah cudurka retinopathy ee sonkorowga.
Badanaa, cudurka sonkorowga ee retinopathy ma laha astaamo illaa dhaawacyada indhahaagu ay daran yihiin. Tani waa sababta oo ah dhaawaca in badan oo ka mid ah qaybta dambe ee isha waxay dhici kartaa kahor intaan araggaagu saameyn.
Calaamadaha cudurka sonkorowga loo yaqaan retinopathy waxaa ka mid ah:
- Aragga oo madoobaada iyo aragga oo gaabiya muddo kadib
- Fuulayaal
- Hooska ama meelaha maqan ee aragga
- Dhibaato aragtida habeenkii
Dad badan oo qaba cudurka sonkorowga hore ee retinopathy ma laha astaamo kahor intaan dhiig ku dhicin isha. Tani waa sababta qof kasta oo sonkorow qaba uu u sameeyo baaritaano indho oo joogto ah.
Dhakhtarkaaga indhaha ayaa baaraya indhahaaga. Waxaa laga yaabaa in marka hore lagu weydiiyo inaad akhriso jaantuska isha. Markaa waxaad heli doontaa dhibcaha isha si loo ballaariyo ardayda indhahaaga. Tijaabooyinka laga yaabo inaad ku lug yeelatay:
- Cabirka cadaadiska dareeraha ee gudaha indhahaaga (tonometry)
- Hubinta dhismooyinka ku dhex jira indhahaaga (imtixaanka laambadda dilaac)
- Hubinta iyo qaadista sawirradaada 'retina' (fluorescein angiography)
Haddii aad leedahay marxaladda hore ee cudurka 'retinopathy' ee sonkorowga (nonproliferative), dhakhtarka indhaha ayaa arki kara:
- Xididdada dhiigga ee isha ee ku weyn meelaha dhibcaha qaarkood (oo loo yaqaan microaneurysms)
- Xididdada dhiigga ee xiran
- Qaddar yar oo dhiig-bax ah (hemorrhages retinal) iyo dheecaan ku sii qulqulaya qaybta dambe ee isha
Haddii aad qabtid cudurka 'retinopathy' (faafa), dhakhtarka indhaha ayaa laga yaabaa inuu arko:
- Xididdada dhiigga ee cusub ee bilaabaya inay ku koraan isha oo daciif ah oo dhiig bixi kara
- Nabaro yar yar oo ka soo baxa araga isha iyo qaybaha kale ee isha (naaska)
Baaritaankani wuu ka duwan yahay u tagida takhtarka indhaha (dhakhtarka indhaha) si loo hubiyo aragtidaada iyo in la arko haddii aad u baahan tahay muraayado cusub. Haddii aad aragto isbeddel xagga aragtida ah oo aad aragto dhakhtarka indhaha, hubi inaad u sheegto dhakhtarka indhaha inaad qabto sonkorow.
Dadka qaba cudurka sonkorowga hore ee retinopathy uma baahna daaweyn. Laakiin waa inay si dhaw ula socdaan dhaqtarka indhaha oo loo tababaray daaweynta cudurada indhaha ee sonkorowga.
Mar haddii takhtarka indhahaagu uu arko xididdada dhiigga ee cusub ee ku soo koraya xubinta tarankaaga (neovascularization) ama aad yeelato barar maqaarka ah, daaweynta ayaa badanaa loo baahan yahay.
Qalliinka indhaha waa daaweynta ugu weyn ee cudurka macaanka ee loo yaqaan retinopathy.
- Qalliinka indhaha Laser wuxuu ku abuuraa gubasho yar yar qaybta dambe ee isha halkaas oo ay ku jiraan xididdada dhiigga ee aan caadiga ahayn. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan 'photocoagulation'. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in laga ilaaliyo maraakiibta inay daadadaan, ama lagu yareeyo maraakiibta aan caadiga ahayn.
- Qalliinka loo yaqaan 'vitrectomy' waxaa loo isticmaalaa marka dhiiggu ku daato (dhiig-baxa) isha. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagu hagaajiyo go'itaanka qaybta dambe ee isha.
Daawooyinka lagu duray isha ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka hortagaan xididdada dhiigga ee aan caadiga ahayn inay koraan.
Raac talada dhakhtarka indhaha ee ku saabsan sida loo ilaaliyo aragtidaada. Samee baaritaanno indho sida had iyo jeer ah sida lagugula taliyay, badiyaa hal mar 1 ilaa 2 sano.
Haddii aad qabto sonkorow oo sonkorta dhiiggaagu aad u sarreysay, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu ku siin doonaa daawooyin cusub oo hoos u dhiga heerka sonkorta dhiiggaaga. Haddii aad qabto cudurka sonkorowga ee loo yaqaan 'retinopathy', araggaaga ayaa ka sii dari kara muddo gaaban markii aad bilowdo qaadashada daawo si dhakhso leh u hagaajinaysa heerka sonkorta dhiiggaaga.
Kheyraad badan ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad wax badan ka fahamto cudurka macaanka. Waxaad sidoo kale baran kartaa habab aad ku maareyn karto cudurkaaga sonkorowga ah ee loo yaqaan retinopathy.
- Ururka Sonkorowga Mareykanka - www.diabetes.org
- Machadka Qaranka ee Sonkorowga iyo Cudurada Dheefshiidka iyo Kelyaha - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes
- Ka Hortagga Indhooleynta Mareykanka - www.preventblindness.org
Maareynta sonkorowgaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inay kaa caawiso gaabinta cudurka retinopathy ee sonkorowga iyo dhibaatooyinka kale ee indhaha. Ku xakamee heerka sonkorta dhiiggaaga (gulukoosta) adoo:
- Cunista cuntooyin caafimaad qaba
- Helitaanka jimicsi joogto ah
- Hubinta sonkorta dhiiggaaga sida had iyo jeer ah sida uu ku faray bixiyahaaga sonkorowga iyo xafidaada diiwaanka lambarradaada si aad u ogaato noocyada cuntooyinka iyo nashaadaadka saameeya heerka sonkorta dhiiggaaga
- Qaadashada daawo ama insulin sida lagu faray
Daaweyntu waxay yareyn kartaa luminta aragga. Ma daaweynayaan retinopathy ee sonkorowga ama ma beddelaan isbeddelada horay u dhacay.
Cudurka sonkorowga ee indhaha wuxuu u horseedi karaa hoos u dhaca aragga iyo indho la'aanta.
Ballan wac dhakhtarka indhaha (indhaha) haddii aad sonkorow qabtid oo aadan arkin dhakhtarka indhaha sanadkii la soo dhaafay.
Wac dhakhtarkaaga haddii mid ka mid ah astaamaha soo socdaa cusub yihiin ama ka sii darayaan:
- Si fiican uma arki kartid iftiinka daciifka ah.
- Waxaad leedahay baro indhoole.
- Waxaad leedahay aragti laba-geesood ah (waxaad arkaysaa laba waxyaalood markii mid keliya jiro).
- Aragtidaadu waa cariiri ama cakiran tahay oo ma diirada saari kartid.
- Xanuun ayaa kaa haya mid ka mid ah indhahaaga.
- Madax xanuun ayaa ku haya.
- Waxaad arkeysaa dhibco sabeynaya indhahaaga.
- Ma arki kartid waxyaabaha ku yaal dhinacaaga aragtida.
- Hooska ayaad arkaysaa.
Xakamaynta wanaagsan ee sonkorta dhiigga, cadaadiska dhiigga, iyo kolestaroolka ayaa aad muhiim ugu ah ka hortagga cudurka macaanka ee loo yaqaan 'retinopathy'.
SIGAAR ha cabin. Haddii aad u baahan tahay caawimaad joojinta, weydii adeeg bixiyahaaga.
Haweenka qaba sonkorowga ee uur qaada waa inay maraan baaritaano badan oo indhaha ah inta ay uurka leeyihiin iyo sanad kadib dhalmada.
Retinopathy - sonkorowga; Photocoagulation - retina; Sonkorowga retinopathy
- Sonkorowga daryeelka indhaha
- Baadhitaanada sonkorowga iyo baaritaanada
- Nooca sonkorowga 2aad - waxaad weydiiso dhakhtarkaaga
- Imtixaanka kala-baxa
- Sonkorowga retinopathy
Ururka Sonkorowga Mareykanka. 11. Dhibaatooyinka muruqyada iyo daryeelka cagaha: heerarka daryeelka caafimaadka ee sonkorowga - 2020. Daryeelka Sonkorowga. 2020; 43 (Qalabka 1): S135-S151. PMID: 31862754 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.
Lim JI. Sonkorowga retinopathy. Gudaha: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Indhaha. 5aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: baab 6.22.
Skugor M. Sonkorowga mellitus. Gudaha: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Ryan's Retina. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 49.