Anisocoria

Anisocoria waa cabirka ardayda aan sinnayn. Ardaygu waa qaybta madow ee isha isha dhexdeeda. Waxay ku sii weynaataa iftiinka daciifka ah iyo iftiinka dhalaalaya.

Kala duwanaanshaha yar ee cabirka ardayda waxaa laga helaa ilaa 1 qof 5tii qof oo caafimaad qaba. Badanaa, farqiga dhexroorku wuxuu kayaryahay 0.5 mm, laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa ilaa 1 mm.

Carruurta ku dhasha ardayda cabbirka kala duwan waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan qabin wax cillad ah. Haddii xubnaha kale ee qoysku ay sidoo kale leeyihiin arday la mid ah, markaa farqiga u dhexeeya ardaydu wuxuu noqon karaa hidde sidee wax walwal ahina ma leh.

Sidoo kale, sababo aan la garanayn, ardaydu si ku meelgaar ah wey u kala weynaan karaan. Haddii aysan jirin astaamo kale iyo haddii ardaydu caadi ku soo noqdaan, markaa wax laga walwalo ma ahan.

Tirada ardayda aan u dhigmin ee ka badan 1 mm ee kobcaya nolosha dambe isla markaana AAN ku laaban cabir isku mid ah waxay calaamad u noqon kartaa isha, maskaxda, xididdada dhiigga, ama cudurka neerfaha.

Isticmaalka dhibcaha indhaha ayaa ah sababta guud ee keenta isbeddel aan dhib lahayn oo ku yimaada cabirka ardayda. Daawooyinka kale ee indhaha gala, oo ay ku jiraan daawada kuwa neefta ka neefsada, waxay beddeli karaan cabirka ardayda.

Sababaha kale ee tirada ardayda aan sinnayn waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Neefsashada maskaxda
• Dhiigbax ku dhaca gudaha dhakada oo uu sababay dhaawac madaxa ah
• Buro maskaxda ama barar (sida, nabarrada pontine)
• Cadaadis siyaado ah oo kujira hal il oo uu keeno glaucoma
• Cadaadiska intracranial ee kordhay, sababtoo ah bararka maskaxda, dhiig baxa maskaxda, istaroog daran, ama buro intracranial
• Infekshinka xuubabka ku wareegsan maskaxda (meningitis ama encephalitis)
• Madax xanuunka dhanjafka
• Suuxdin (farqiga cabirka ardaygu wuu sii jiri karaa muddo dheer ka dib suuxdintu way dhammaatay)
• Buro, cuf, ama qanjidhada qanjirka sare ama qanjidhada qanjirada oo sababa cadaadis ku dhaca dareemaha waxay sababi kartaa dhidid dhidid, arday yar, ama baalal qulqulaya indhaha dhammaan dhinacyada uu saameynayo (Horner syndrome)
• Cudurka neerfaha ee cudurka oculomotor
• Qalliinka indhaha ee hore ee indhaha
  

Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay sababta keentay cabirka ardayda aan sinnayn. Waa inaad u tagtaa bixiye daryeel caafimaad haddii aad leedahay isbeddello lama filaan ah oo ka dhasha cabbirka ardayga oo aan loo sinnayn.

La xiriir bixiye haddii aad leedahay isbeddelo joogto ah, oo aan la sharraxin, ama isbeddel kedis ah oo ku yimaada cabirka ardayda. Haddii uu jiro isbeddel dhowaan ku yimid cabirka ardayda, waxay noqon kartaa calaamad xaalad aad u daran.

Haddii aad leedahay arday kala duwan ka dib isha ama dhaawaca madaxa, isla markaaba raadso gargaar caafimaad.

Had iyo jeer raadso daryeel caafimaad oo deg deg ah haddii ay ku kala duwan yihiin cabirka ardayda oo ay weheliso:

• Aragga oo xumaaday
• Aragti laba-geesood ah
• Dareenka indhaha ee iftiinka
• Qandho
• Madax xanuun
• Aragti lumis
• Lalabbo ama matagid
• Indho xanuun
• Qoorta adag

Bixiyahaagu wuxuu sameyn doonaa baaritaan jireed wuxuuna weydiin doonaa su'aalo ku saabsan astaamahaaga iyo taariikhdaada caafimaad, oo ay ku jiraan:

• Miyay tani kugu cusub tahay mise ardaydaadu weligood ma kala cabbir duwanaayeen hore? Goorma ayuu bilaabmay?
• Ma leedahay dhibaatooyin kale oo xagga aragga ah sida aragga oo caddaysan, aragti laba-laabma, ama xasaasiyad iftiin leh?
• Ma wax lumis ah oo aragga ahibaa?
• Indho xanuun ma ku haysaa?
• Ma leedahay calaamado kale sida madax xanuun, lallabbo, matag, qandho, ama qoor adag?

Tijaabooyinka la qaadi karo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Daraasaadka dhiigga sida CBC iyo kala duwanaanta dhiigga
• Daraasadaha dareeraha maskaxda (lumbar puncture)
• Baadhitaanka CT ee madaxa
• EEG
• Skaanka Madaxa
• Tonometry (haddii glaucoma laga shakiyo)
• Raajooyinka qoorta

Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay sababta dhibaatada.

Kordhinta hal arday; Ardayda cabbirkoodu kala duwan yahay; Indhaha / ardayda cabbirkoodu kala duwan yahay

• Arday caadi ah

Baloh RW, Jen JC. Neuro-ophthalmology. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 25aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 396.

Cheng KP. Indhaha. Gudaha: Zitelli, BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli iyo Davis ’Atlas ee Cilad-garaaca Jirka ee Carruurta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 20.

Thurtell MJ, Rucker JC. Cilladaha ardayda iyo indhaha. Gudaha: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology ee Tababbarka Caafimaadka. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: cutubka 18.