Polysomnography

Polysomnography waa daraasad hurdo. Tijaabadani waxay diiwaangelisaa shaqooyinka jirka qaarkood markaad seexanayso, ama isku day inaad seexato. Polysomnography waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado cilladaha hurdada.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo hurdo ah:

• Dhaqdhaqaaqa indhaha ee degdega ah (REM) hurdo. Riyada badankood waxay dhacdaa inta lagu jiro hurdada REM. Xaaladaha caadiga ah awgood, muruqyadaada, marka laga reebo indhahaaga iyo muruqyada neefsashada, ma dhaqaaqaan inta lagu jiro heerkaan hurdada.
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa indhaha ee aan degdega ahayn (NREM) hurdo. Hurdada NREM waxay u qaybsan tahay saddex marxaladood oo lagu ogaan karo mowjadaha maskaxda (EEG).

Hurdada REM waxay ku beddelaysaa hurdada NREM qiyaastii 90 daqiiqo kasta. Qofka hurdo caadi ah badanaa wuxuu leeyahay afar ilaa shan wareeg oo REM iyo NREM hurdo ah habeenkii.

Daraasad hurdo ayaa ku cabbiraysa wareegyadaada hurdada iyo marxaladaha adiga oo duubaya:

• Hawada ayaa soo galeysa kana baxeysa sambabadaada sida aad u neefsaneyso
• Heerka oksijiinta ee dhiigaaga
• Jirka jirka
• Mawjadaha maskaxda (EEG)
• Neefsashada dadaal iyo qiimeyn
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada ee muruqyada
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa indhaha
• Garaaca wadnaha

Polysomnography waxaa lagu sameyn karaa xarunta hurdada ama gurigaaga.

XARUNTA HURDADA

Daraasadaha hurdada oo buuxa waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa xarun gaar ah.

• Waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa inaad timaado 2 saacadood ka hor wakhtiga jiifka.
• Waxaad ku seexan doontaa sariir xarunta ku taal. Xarumo badan oo hurdo ayaa leh qolal hurdo oo raaxo leh, oo la mid ah huteel.
• Baaritaanka waxaa badanaa la sameeyaa habeenkii si qaabkaaga caadiga ah ee hurdo loo barto. Haddii aad tahay shaqaale wareejin habeen ah, xarumo badan ayaa sameyn kara baaritaanka inta lagu jiro saacadahaaga caadiga ah ee hurdada.
• Bixiyahaaga daryeel caafimaad ayaa koronto ku dhejin doona garkaaga, madaxa, iyo cirifka kore ee baalasha indhahaaga. Waxaad yeelan doontaa kormeerayaal duuba garaaca wadnahaaga iyo neefsashada ku xiran laabtaada. Kuwani way sii jirayaan intaad huruddo.
• Fariimaha korantadu waxay duubaan calaamadaha inta aad soo jeeddo (indhahaaga xiran yihiin) iyo hurdada. Tijaabadu waxay cabireysaa waqtiga ay kugu qaadaneyso inaad hurudo iyo inta ay kugu qaadaneyso inaad gasho hurdada REM.
• Bixiye si gaar ah u tababaran ayaa ku kormeeri doona inta aad huruddo wuxuuna xusi doonaa wixii isbeddel ah ee ku dhaca neefsashadaada ama garaaca wadnahaaga.
• Tijaabadu waxay qori doontaa tirada jeer ee aad joojiso neefsashada ama aad ku dhowaad joojiso neefsashada.
• Waxa kale oo jira kormeerayaal duuba dhaqdhaqaaqaaga inta aad hurdada ku jirto. Mararka qaar kamarad fiidiyoow ah ayaa duubta dhaqdhaqaaqaaga inta aad hurdada ku jirto

GURIGA

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ku isticmaali karto aaladda daraasadda hurdada ee gurigaaga halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd xarunta hurdada si ay kaaga caawiso baaritaanka hurdada. Waxaad ka qaadaneysaa qalabka xarunta hurdada ama daaweeye tababbaran ayaa imanaya gurigaaga si uu u dejiyo.

Tijaabada guriga waxaa loo isticmaali karaa marka:

• Waxaad ku jirtaa daryeelka khabiirka hurdada.
• Dhakhtarkaaga hurdada ayaa u maleynaya inaad qabtid apnea hurdo la'aan.
• Ma lihid xanuuno kale oo xagga hurdada ah.
• Ma lihid dhibaatooyin caafimaad oo kale oo daran, sida wadne xanuun ama sambabada.

Imtixaanku ha ahaado xarunta barashada hurdada ama guriga, waxaad u diyaarisaa si isku mid ah. Ilaa uu takhtarkaagu kugu amro mooyee, ha qaadanin wax daawo hurdo ah hana cabin aalkolo ama cabbitaanno kafeega leh kahor baaritaanka. Waxay soo faragelin karaan hurdadaada.

Tijaabadu waxay ka caawisaa baaritaanka cilladaha hurdo ee suurtogalka ah, oo ay ku jiraan hurdo la'aanta hurdada ee hurdada (OSA). Bixiyahaagu wuxuu u maleyn karaa inaad leedahay OSA maxaa yeelay waxaad leedahay astaamahan:

• Hurdo maalmeedka (hurdo maalintii)
• Khuursi dheer
• Waqtiyada ay neefta ceshanayso inta aad seexanaysid, waxaa ku xiga naqas ama sanqadhyo
• Hurdo aan degganayn

Polysomnography sidoo kale waa lagu ogaan karaa cilladaha kale ee hurdada:

• Narcolepsy
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqdhaqaaqa xubnaha jirka ee xilliyada ah (dhaqaaqa lugahaaga inta badan inta lagu jiro hurdada)
• Cilladaha dabeecadda REM (jir ahaan "jilaan" riyooyinkiinna inta lagu jiro hurdada)

Daraasadda daraasadda hurdada

• Immisa jeer ayaad joojisaa neefsashada ugu yaraan 10 ilbidhiqsi (oo loo yaqaanno apnea)
• Immisa jeer ayey neefsashadaada qayb ahaan xirmeysaa 10 ilbidhiqsi (oo loo yaqaan hypopnea)
• Maskaxdaadu waxay hirartaa iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa muruqyada inta lagu jiro hurdada

Dadka badankood waxay leeyihiin waqtiyo gaaban inta lagu jiro hurdada halkaasoo neefsashadoodu joogsato ama qayb ahaan xannibmo. Tilmaanta 'Apne-Hypopnea Index' (AHI) waa tirada cudurka sambabaha ama hypopnea ee la cabiro inta lagu jiro daraasadda hurdada. Natiijooyinka AHI waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu baaro xannibaadda ama hurdada dhexe ee hurdada.

Natiijada baaritaanka caadiga ah waxay muujisaa:

• Inyar ama maya dhacdooyin joojinta neefsashada. Dadka qaangaarka ah, AHI ka yar 5 waxaa loo arkaa mid caadi ah.
• Qaababka caadiga ah ee hirarka maskaxda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa muruqyada inta lagu jiro hurdada.
  

Dadka qaangaarka ah, tilmaanta 'apnea-hypopnea index' (AHI) ee kor ku xusan 5 waxay la macno tahay inaad leedahay hurdo la'aan:

• 5 ilaa 14 waa hurdo yaraanta hurdada.
• 15 illaa 29 waa hurdo hurdo dhexdhexaad ah.
• 30 ama ka badan waa hurdo la'aan daran.

Si loo sameeyo baaritaan loona go'aansado daaweynta, khabiirka hurdada waa inuu sidoo kale fiiriyaa:

• Waxyaabaha kale ee laga helay daraasadda hurdada
• Taariikhdaada caafimaad iyo cabashooyinka la xiriira hurdada
• Baaritaanka jirkaaga

Daraasadda hurdada; Polysomnogram; Daraasadaha dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaaqa indhaha; Iskuday polysomnography habeenkii; PSG; OSA - daraasad hurdo; Cunto xannibista hurdada - daraasad hurdo; Xanuun hurdo - daraasad hurdo

• Barashada hurdada

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Kirk V, Baughn J, D'AAndrea L, et al. Akadamiga Mareykanka ee Daaweynta Hurdada warqad loogu talagalay isticmaalka baaritaanka xiiqda hurdada guriga si loogu ogaado cudurka OSA ee carruurta. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017; 13 (10): 1199-1203. PMID: 28877820 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28877820/.

MP Mansukhani, Kolla BP, St. Louis EK, Morgenthaler TI. Dhibaatooyinka hurdada. Gudaha: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Daaweynta Conn ee hadda 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 739-753.

Qaseem A, Holty JE, Owens DK, iyo al. Maareynta hurdo la'aanta hurdada ee dadka qaangaarka ah: tilmaamaha tababarka daaweynta ee ka socda Kuliyadda Dhakhaatiirta Mareykanka. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159 (7): 471-483. PMID: 24061345 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24061345/.

Sarber KM, Lam DJ, Ishman SL. Xanuunada hurdada iyo hurdo la'aanta. Gudaha: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Qalliinka Madaxa iyo Qoorta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: cutubka 15.

Shangold L. polysomnography Clinical. Gudaha: Friedman M, Jacobowitz O, eds. Hurdada Hurdada iyo Khuurada. 2aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 4.