Baadhitaanka cufnaanta macdanta
Cufnaanta macdanta lafaha (BMD) waxay cabiraysaa inta kalsiyum iyo noocyada kale ee macdanta ah ay ku jiraan aagga laftaada.
Tijaabadani waxay ka caawineysaa bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga inuu ogaado laf-jab iyo inuu saadaaliyo halista jabka lafaha.
Tijaabada cufnaanta lafaha waxaa loo samayn karaa dhowr siyaabood.
Habka ugu caansan uguna saxsan wuxuu adeegsadaa laba-tamar raajo-qaadis ah (DEXA). DEXA waxay isticmaashaa raajooyin yar-yar. (Waxaad kaheleysaa shucaac badan raajada xabadka.)
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo baaritaanka DEXA ah:
- Central DEXA - Waxaad ku seexanaysaa miis jilicsan. Sawir-qaadaha ayaa mari doona laf-dhabarkaaga hoose iyo sintaada. Xaaladaha badankood, uma baahnid inaad dharka ka bixiso. Baadhitaankani waa tijaabada ugu fiican ee lagu saadaalin karo halista jabka, gaar ahaan sinta.
- DEXA Peripheral (p-DEXA) - Mashiinadan yaryar waxay cabiraan cufnaanta lafaha ee curcurkaaga, farahaaga, lugta, ama ciribta. Mashiinadani waxay ku yaalliin xafiisyada daryeelka caafimaadka, farmasiyada, xarumaha wax laga iibsado, iyo carwooyinka caafimaadka.
Haddii aad uur leedahay ama aad uur yeelan karto, u sheeg daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga ka hor intaan baaritaanka la sameyn.
Ha qaadan kaalshiyamka kaabis 24 saac baaritaanka ka hor.
Waxaa laguu sheegi doonaa inaad jirkaaga ka saarto dhammaan waxyaabaha birta ah, sida dahabka iyo dahaarka.
Skaanka ma leh wax xanuun ah. Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad xasilloonaato inta baaritaanka socdo.
Baadhitaannada lafaha ee lafaha (BMD) waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu:
- Baadhitaanka lafaha lumay iyo lafo-beelka
- Eeg sida wanaagsan ee dawada lafa-beelka ay u shaqeyso
- Saadaali halista aad u leedahay jabka mustaqbalka ee lafaha
Baadhitaanka cufnaanta lafaha ayaa lagula talinayaa dhammaan haweenka jira 65 iyo wixii ka weyn.
Ma jiro heshiis buuxa oo ku saabsan in raggu maro tijaabada noocan ah. Kooxaha qaar waxay ku talinayaan in la baaro ragga da'da 70, halka kuwa kale ay sheegaan in caddayntu aysan caddeyn karin oo lagu sheegi karo in ragga da'daan ka faa'iideystaan baaritaanka.
Haweenka da'da yar, iyo sidoo kale ragga da 'kasta, waxay sidoo kale u baahan karaan baaritaanka cufnaanta lafaha haddii ay leeyihiin arrimo qatar u ah lafo-beelka. Waxyaabaha halista ah waxaa ka mid ah:
- Jabka laf ka dib da'da 50
- Taariikh adag oo qoys oo lafo-beel ah
- Taariikhda daaweynta kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' ama kansarka naasaha
- Taariikhda xaaladaha caafimaad sida rheumatoid arthritis, sonkorow, isku dheelitir la'aanta tayroodhka, ama anorexia nervosa
- Caaddo-dayska hore (ama sababaha dabiiciga ah ama kaadi-mareenka)
- Isticmaalka muddada-dheer ee daawooyinka sida corticosteroids, hoormoonka tayroodh, ama aromatase inhibitors
- Miisaanka jirka oo hooseeya (in ka yar 127 rodol) ama hoos udhaca cufnaanta jirka (in ka yar 21)
- Lumitaan weyn oo dherer ah
- Tubaakada muddada-dheer ama isticmaalka aalkolada badan
Natiijooyinka baaritaankaaga waxaa badanaa lagu soo wargeliyaa inay yihiin T-score iyo Z-score:
- T-score wuxuu isbarbar dhigayaa cufnaantaada lafta iyo tan gabadha caafimaad qabta.
- Z-score wuxuu isbarbar dhigayaa cufnaantaada lafaha iyo tan dadka kale ee isku da'da ah, jinsigaaga, iyo jinsiyadaada.
Labada dhibic midkood, tirada taban waxay ka dhigan tahay inaad leedahay lafo khafiif ah marka loo eego celceliska. Markay tiradu sii xumaato, waxay sare u sii qaadeysaa halista jabka lafaha.
T-dhibcaha wuxuu ku dhexjiraa heerarka caadiga ah haddii uu yahay -1.0 ama wixii ka sareeya.
Baadhitaanka cufnaanta macdanta ma lagu ogaado jabka. Iyada oo ay weheliso arrimo kale oo khatar ah oo aad yeelan karto, waxay kaa caawineysaa saadaalinta halista aad u leedahay jabka lafaha mustaqbalka. Bixiyahaaga ayaa kaa caawin doona inaad fahamto natiijooyinka.
Haddii T-scoreaga uu yahay:
- Inta udhaxeysa -1 iyo -2.5, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad yeelato lafo hore (osteopenia)
- Hoos -2.5, waxaad u badan tahay inaad qabtid lafo-beel
Talada daaweynta waxay kuxirantahay guud ahaan halista jabka. Khatartaan waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhibcaha FRAX. Bixiyahaaga ayaa waxbadan kaaga sheegi kara arrintan. Waxa kale oo aad ka heli kartaa macluumaad ku saabsan FRAX khadka tooska ah.
Cufnaanta macdanta lafaha waxay isticmaashaa qadar yar oo shucaac ah. Khubarada badankood waxay dareensan yihiin in halisteeda ay aad u hooseyso marka loo eego faa'iidooyinka helitaanka lafo-beelka kahor intaadan laf jabin.
Imtixaanka BMD; Tijaabada cufnaanta lafaha; Lafta densitometry; Baadhitaanka DEXA; DXA; Raajada laba-tamar-qabashada ah; p-DEXA; Lafaha - LB; Labada sawir ee raajada leh
- Baadhitaanka cufnaanta lafaha
- Cudurka Osteoporosis
- Cudurka Osteoporosis
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Kendler D, Almohaya M, Almehthel M. Dual x-ray absorptiometry iyo cabirka lafaha. Gudaha: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, eds. Rheumatology. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: cutubka 51.
Xoogagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga ee Mareykanka; Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, iyo al. Baadhitaanka lafa-beelka laf-dhabarka si looga hortago jabka: Bayaanka talo-bixinta Kooxda Ka-hortagga Adeegyada ee Mareykanka. JAMA. 2018; 319 (24): 2521-2531. PMID: 29946735 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29946735/.
Weber TJ. Cudurka Osteoporosis. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 230.