Insulin Degludec (Asalka rDNA)

Qanacsan

• Kahor isticmaalka insulin degludec,
• Dawadani waxay sababi kartaa isbeddel ku dhaca sonkorta dhiiggaaga. Waa inaad ogaataa astaamaha sonkorta dhiiga oo hooseysa iyo kuwa sare iyo waxa la sameeyo haddii aad leedahay astaamahan. Insulin degludec waxay sababi kartaa waxyeelo. U sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii mid ka mid ah astaamahani ay daran yihiin ama aanad tagin:
• Dhibaatooyinka qaarkood waxay noqon karaan kuwo halis ah. Haddii aad isku aragto astaamahan, wac dhakhtarkaaga isla markiiba ama u hel daaweyn degdeg ah:
• Xaddiga xad-dhaafka ah ee 'insulin degludec' ayaa dhici kara haddii aad isticmaasho insulin degludec aad u badan ama haddii aad isticmaasho qaddarka saxda ah ee insulin degludec, laakiin cun wax ka yar sidii caadiga ahayd ama jimicsi ka badiya sidii caadiga ahayd. Qiyaasta xad-dhaafka ah ee 'insulin degludec' waxay sababi kartaa hypoglycemia. Haddii aad leedahay astaamaha hypoglycemia, raac tilmaamaha dhakhtarkaaga ee wixii aad sameyn lahayd haddii aad ku dhacdo hypoglycemia. Calaamadaha kale ee xad dhaafka ah:

Insulin degludec waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo nooca 1aad ee sonkorowga (xaalad jirku uusan soo saarin insulin oo markaa ma xakamayn karo qadarka sonkorta dhiiga ku jirta). Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo dadka qaba nooca sonkorowga 2 (xaalad jirku uusan u isticmaalin insulin si caadi ah, sidaa darteedna, ma xakamayn karo qadarka sonkorta dhiiga ku jirta) ee u baahan insulin si loo xakameeyo macaankooda. Bukaannada qaba nooca 1aad ee sonkorowga, insulin degludec waa in loo isticmaalaa nooc kale oo insulin ah (waxqabad gaaban oo insulin ah). Bukaannada qaba sonkorowga nooca 2-aad, insulin degludec waxaa loo isticmaali karaa nooc kale oo insulin ah ama daawooyinka afka laga qaato ee sonkorowga. Insulin degludec waa hawl-qaadasho waqti dheer socotey, oo ah nooca aadanaha ee insulin-ta aadanaha. Insulin degludec waxay ku shaqeysaa iyadoo la badalayo insulin-ta caadiga ah ee jirku soo saaro waxayna caawineysaa in sokorta dhiiga looga wareejiyo unugyada kale ee jirka halkaasoo loogu isticmaalo tamar. Waxay kaloo joojisaa beerka inuu soo saaro sonkor badan.

Waqti ka dib, dadka qaba sonkorowga iyo sonkorta dhiigga oo sareeya waxay la kulmi karaan dhibaatooyin halis ah ama naf-gooya, oo ay ku jiraan cudurrada wadnaha, istaroogga, dhibaatooyinka kelyaha, dhaawaca dareemaha, iyo dhibaatooyinka indhaha. Isticmaalka daawooyinka (yada), sameynta isbeddelada hab-nololeedka (tusaale, cuntada, jimicsiga, joojinta sigaar cabbista), iyo in si joogto ah loo hubiyo sonkorta dhiiggaaga ayaa gacan ka geysan karta maareynta sonkorowgaaga iyo hagaajinta caafimaadkaaga. Daaweyntani waxay sidoo kale yareyn kartaa fursadahaaga wadno qabad, istaroog, ama dhibaatooyin kale oo la xiriira sonkorowga sida kalyo-baxa, dhaawaca dareemaha (kabuubyo, lugaha qabow ama cagaha; hoos u dhaca awoodda galmada ee ragga iyo dumarka), dhibaatooyinka indhaha, oo ay ku jiraan isbeddelada ama aragga oo kaa luma, ama cirrid xannuun ah. Dhakhtarkaaga iyo bixiyeyaasha kale ee daryeelka caafimaad ayaa kaala hadli doona sida ugu wanaagsan ee loo maareeyo sonkorowgaaga.

Insulin degludec waxay u timaaddaa xal (dareere) in si subag ah loogu mudo (maqaarka hoostiisa). Waxaa la isku duraa hal mar maalintii. Waa inaad isticmaashaa insulin degludec waqti isku mid ah maalin kasta. Si taxaddar leh u raac tilmaamaha ku qoran calaamadaha laguu qoray, oo weydii takhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha inuu kuu sharxo qayb kasta oo aadan fahmin. U isticmaal dheecaanka insulin sida saxda ee lagu faray. Ha u isticmaalin wax ka yar ama ka yar ama u isticmaal si ka badan inta dhakhtarku kuu qoray.

Insulin degludec wuxuu xakameeyaa cudurka macaanka, laakiin ma daaweynayo. Sii wad inaad isticmaasho insulin degludec xitaa haddii aad ladnaan dareento. Ha u joojin isticmaalka insulin degludec adigoon la hadlin dhakhtarkaaga. Ha u beddelin nooc kale ama nooc insulin ah ama ha u beddelin qiyaasta nooc kasta oo ah insulin aad isticmaaleyso adigoon dhaqtarkaaga la hadlin. Had iyo jeer hubi calaamadda insulin si aad u hubiso inaad ka heshay nooca saxda ah ee insulin farmasiga.

Insulin degludec waxay ku timaadaa qalimaanta daawada ee horay loo soo buuxiyay. Hubso inaad ogtahay nooca weelka ay insulin degludec-ku soo gasho iyo waxayaabaha kale, sida cirbadaha, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad isku durto daawadaada. Hubso inaad aqriso oo aad fahanto tilmaamaha soo saaraha. Weydiiso dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha inuu ku tuso sida loo isticmaalo qalinka. Raac tilmaamaha si taxaddar leh, mar walbana samee tijaabada amniga kahor isticmaalka.

Marna dib ha u isticmaalin cirbadaha ama qalimaanta. Ha ugu wareejin dawada sirinjeer. Markaad isticmaaleysid qalin insulin, marwalba cirbadda ka qaad isla marka aad durto qiyaastaada. Ku tuur cirbadaha iyo cirbadaha weel u adkaysata daloolka. Weydii dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha sida loo tuuro weelka daloolka u adkaysta.

Ha ku khafiifin insulin degludec hana ku darin insulin degludec nooc kale oo insulin ah.

Waad ku duri kartaa insulin-ta insluud-ka qaybta kore ee gacanta, bowdada, ama aagga caloosha. Marna ha isku durin insulin-ka dheelitirka xididka ama muruqa. Ku beddel (wareeji) barta la isku duro ee aagga la doortay qiyaas kasta; iskuday inaad ka fogaato isku duritaanka isla goobta marar badan hal mar 1 ilaa 2 asbuuc kasta.

Had iyo jeer fiiri dheecaanka insulin-gaaga intaadan isku durin. Waa inuu noqdaa mid cad oo aan midab lahayn. Ha u isticmaalin insulin-ta degludec haddii ay midab tahay, daruur leedahay, ama ay ku jiraan waxyaabo adag, ama haddii taariikhda dhaafeysa ee dhalada ay dhaaftay.

Ha ku isticmaalin dheecaanka insulinta bamka insulin-ta banaanka.

Daawadan waxaa loo qori karaa adeegsiyo kale; Weydii dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah.

Kahor isticmaalka insulin degludec,

• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga iyo farmashiistahaaga haddii aad xasaasiyad ku leedahay insulin (Humulin, Novolin, kuwa kale), mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ku jira insulin degludec, ama daawooyin kale. Weydii farmashiistahaaga ama ka hubi macluumaadka bukaanka soo saaraha liiska waxyaabaha ay ka kooban yihiin.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga iyo farmashiistaha dawooyinka dhakhtarku qoro iyo kuwa aan dhakhtar qorin, fiitamiinnada, nafaqada nafaqada, iyo alaabta dhirta aad qaadanayso. Hubso inaad sheegto mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda: albuterol (Accuneb, Proair, Proventil, kuwa kale); angiotensin-diinta enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) sida benazepril (Lotensin, in Lotrel), captopril, enalapril (Vasotec, in Vaseretic), fosinopril, lisinopril (Prinzide, Zestoretic), moexipril (Univasc, Uniretic) Aceon, in Prestalia), quinapril (Accupril, in Accuretic, in Quinaretic), ramipril (Altace), iyo trandolapril (Mavik, in Tarka); angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) sida azilsartan (Edarbi, in Edarbyclor), candesartan (Atacand, in Atacand HCT), eprosartan (Teveten), irbesartan (Avapro, in Avalide), losartan (Cozaar, in Hyzaar), telmisartan (Micardis, Micardis HCT, Twynsta), valsartan (Diovan, Diovan HCT, Exforge); daawooyinka dhimirka aan caadiga ahayn sida clozapine (Clozaril, Fazaclo, Versacloz) iyo olanzapine (Zyprexa, in Symbyax); beta-blockers sida atenolol (Tenormin, Tenoretic), labetalol (Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, gudaha Dutoprol, Lopressor HCT), nadolol (Corgard, Corzide), iyo propranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal LA, Innopran) XL); daawooyinka kalastarolka ka yareeya sida fenofibrate (Antara, Lipofen, TriCor, Triglide), gemfibrozil (Lopid), iyo niacin (Niacor, Niaspan, Advicor, Simcor); clonidine (Catapres, Catapres-TTS, Kapvay, in Clorpres, kuwa kale); danazol; sibibramramide (Norpace); durayaasha ('kaniiniyada biyaha'); fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, Selfemra, oo ku taal Symbyax); glucagon; guanethidine; Kahortagayaasha 'protease inhibitors' oo ay ka mid yihiin atazanavir (Reyataz, in Evotaz), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), ritonavir (Norvir, Kaletra, Viekira Pak), iyo saquinavir (Invirase); isoniazid (Laniazid, Rifamate, Rifater); lithium (Lithobid); daawooyinka neefta iyo hargabka; daawooyinka sonkorowga; daaweynta hoormoonka dhalmo-dayska iyo ka-hortagga uurka ee hormoonnada (kaniiniyada xakamaynta dhalmada, balastarro, faraantiyo, irbado, ama galmo) daawooyinka cudurada maskaxda iyo lallabbada; monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors ay ka mid yihiin isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar) iyo tranylcypromine (Parnate); octreotide (Sandostatin); pioglitazone (Actos, ee Actoplus Met, Duetact, kuwa kale); pentamidine (NebuPent, Pentam); pentoxifylline (Pentoxil); pramlintide (Symlin); propoxyphene (aan laga heli karin Mareykanka); keydka; rosiglitazone (Avandia, Avandamet, Avandaryl); salicylate xanuun joojiyeyaasha sida asbiriin, choline magnesium trisalicylate, choline salicylate, diflunisal, magnesium salicylate (Doan’s, kuwa kale), iyo salsalate; somatropin (Genotropin, Humatrope, Nutropin, Serostim, kuwa kale); steroids sida dexamethasone, methylprednisolone (Medrol), iyo prednisone (Rayos); antibiyootikada sulfa; terbutaline; iyo dawooyinka tayroodhka. Dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo inuu beddelo qiyaasta daawooyinkaaga ama uu si taxaddar leh kuugu ilaaliyo dhibaatooyinka soo raaca.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad leedahay ama waligaa aad dareentay dhaawac dareemayaasha oo ay sababeen sonkorowgaaga, ama xaalado caafimaad oo kale, oo ay ku jiraan wadnaha, beerka ama cudurka kelyaha.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad uur leedahay, qorsheyso inaad uur yeelato, ama aad naas nuujiso. Haddii aad uur yeelato intaad isticmaaleyso insulin degludec, wac dhakhtarkaaga.
• haddii aad qalliin sameyneyso, oo ay ku jiraan qalliinka ilkaha, u sheeg dhakhtarka ama dhakhtarka ilkaha inaad isticmaaleyso insulin degludec.
• khamrigu wuxuu sababi karaa isbadal ku dhaca sonkorta dhiiga. Weydii dhakhtarkaaga wax ku saabsan isticmaalka aaminka ah ee khamriga inta aad isticmaaleyso insulin degludec.
• Weydii dhakhtarkaaga waxa la sameeyo haddii aad xanuunsato, ama aad dareento walwal aan caadi ahayn, ama aad beddesho cuntadaada, jimicsigaaga, ama jadwalkaaga waxqabad. Isbeddeladani waxay saameyn ku yeelan karaan sonkorta dhiiggaaga iyo xaddiga insulin-ta aad u baahan doonto.
• Weydii dhakhtarkaaga inta jeer ee ay tahay inaad iska hubiso sonkorta dhiiggaaga. Ogsoonow in hypoglycemia ay saameyn ku yeelan karto awoodaada inaad qabato howlo sida wadista oo weydii dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad hubiso sonkorta dhiiggaaga ka hor intaadan wadin ama aadan mishiinka wadin.

Hubso inaad raacdo dhammaan jimicsiga iyo talooyinka cuntada ee dhakhtarkaagu ama nafaqeeyahaagu kuu qoro. Waa muhiim in la cuno cunto caafimaad leh iyo in la cuno qiyaas isku mid ah oo noocyo cunto ah isku mid ah maalin kasta. Ka-boodidda ama dib-u-dhigista cuntada ama beddelidda qadarka ama nooca cuntada aad cunayso waxay dhibaato ku keeni kartaa xakamaynta sonkorta dhiiggaaga.

Dur duriga aad seegtay isla marka aad xasuusato. Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii ay ka yar tahay 8 saacadood qiyaasta xigta, ka bood qiyaasta la seegay oo sii wad jadwalkaaga qiyaasta daawada ee caadiga ah. Ha qaadan laba-qaadasho si aad uhesho mid kaa dhaafay.

Dawadani waxay sababi kartaa isbeddel ku dhaca sonkorta dhiiggaaga. Waa inaad ogaataa astaamaha sonkorta dhiiga oo hooseysa iyo kuwa sare iyo waxa la sameeyo haddii aad leedahay astaamahan. Insulin degludec waxay sababi kartaa waxyeelo. U sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii mid ka mid ah astaamahani ay daran yihiin ama aanad tagin:

• casaan, barar, xanuun, ama cuncun meesha la muday
• maqaarka oo sii adkaada (dufanka oo kordha) ama diiqad yar oo maqaarka ku dhacda (dufanka oo burbura)
• miisaanka oo kordha

Dhibaatooyinka qaarkood waxay noqon karaan kuwo halis ah. Haddii aad isku aragto astaamahan, wac dhakhtarkaaga isla markiiba ama u hel daaweyn degdeg ah:

• finan, finan, ama cuncun jirka oo dhan
• taahid
• neefsashada ama wax liqidda oo ku adkaata
• neefta oo ku qabata
• dhidid
• barar indhaha, wajiga, dibnaha, carrabka, cunaha, gacmaha, ama cagaha
• daciifnimada muruqyada

Insulin degludec waxay sababi kartaa waxyeelo kale. Wac dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qabtid dhibaatooyin aan caadi ahayn intaad isticmaaleyso daawadan.

Haddii aad isku aragto waxyeellooyin daran, adiga ama dhakhtarkaaga ayaa warbixin u diri kara Barnaamijka Ka Warbixinta Dhacdooyinka Xun ee Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka (FDA) (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) ama taleefan ( 1-800-332-1088).

Daawadan ku hay weelka ay ka soo gashay iyo meelaha ay carruurtu gaarto. Ku keydi qalinka insulin-ga aan wali la furin qaboojiyaha qaboojiyaha. Marna ha u oggolaan in insulin-ka degludec uu barafoobo; Ha isticmaalin insulin degludec oo barafoobay oo dhalaashay. Insulin degludec qaboojiye ah oo aan la furin ayaa la keydin karaa ilaa taariikhda lagu muujiyay calaamadda shirkadda.

Haddii qaboojiye aan la heli karin (tusaale ahaan, marka uu fasax yahay), qalimaanta ku kaydi heerkulka qolka, kana fogee qorraxda tooska ah iyo kuleylka daran illaa 56 maalmood. Qalimmada furan waa in lagu keydiyaa heerkulka qolka waana la isticmaali karaa ilaa 56 maalmood ka dib isticmaalka koowaad. Tuur insuliin kasta oo soo gaadhay kuleyl daran ama qabow.

Daawooyinka aan loo baahnayn waa in lagu tuuraa siyaabo gaar ah si loo hubiyo in xayawaanka, carruurta, iyo dadka kaleba aysan cuni karin. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waa inaadan ku daadinin daawadan musqusha hoosteeda. Taabadalkeed, sida ugufiican ee dawada looga takhalusi karaa waa iyada oo loo maro barnaamijka dib u celinta daawada. La hadal farmashiistahaaga ama la xiriir waaxda qashinka / dib u warshadaynta si aad wax uga ogaato barnaamijyada dib-u-celinta ee bulshadaada. Ka eeg bogga internetka ee 'FDA ee Amni-Qaadashada Daawooyinka (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) si aad u hesho macluumaad dheeraad ah haddii aadan marin u helin barnaamijka dib-u-celinta.

Waa muhiim inaad ka ilaaliso dhammaan daawooyinka meel aan la arkeynin oo aysan gaari karin carruurta maaddaama weelal badan (sida kuwa toddobaadlaha kiniiniga ka fiirsada iyo kuwa loogu talagalay dhibcaha isha, kareemada, dhejiyeyaasha, iyo kuwa neefta ku siiya) uma adkeysana carruurta, carruurta yaryarna si fudud ayey ku furi karaan. Si aad uga ilaaliso carruurta yaryar sunta, marwalba xiro daboolka badbaadada isla markaana isla markiiba dhig dawada meel aamin ah - mid kor iyo fog kana fog aragooda oo gaadha. http://www.upandaway.org

Xaalada xad dhaafka ah, wac khadka caawinta ka hortagga sunta 1-800-222-1222. Macluumaadka sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa internetka https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Haddii dhibbanuhu burburay, suuxdin qabtay, neefsashadu dhib ku tahay, ama aan la kici karin, isla markiiba wac adeegyada gurmadka ee 911.

Xaddiga xad-dhaafka ah ee 'insulin degludec' ayaa dhici kara haddii aad isticmaasho insulin degludec aad u badan ama haddii aad isticmaasho qaddarka saxda ah ee insulin degludec, laakiin cun wax ka yar sidii caadiga ahayd ama jimicsi ka badiya sidii caadiga ahayd. Qiyaasta xad-dhaafka ah ee 'insulin degludec' waxay sababi kartaa hypoglycemia. Haddii aad leedahay astaamaha hypoglycemia, raac tilmaamaha dhakhtarkaaga ee wixii aad sameyn lahayd haddii aad ku dhacdo hypoglycemia. Calaamadaha kale ee xad dhaafka ah:

• miyir beelid
• qalal

Dhammaan ballamaha la dhig dhakhtarkaaga iyo shaybaarka. Sonkorta dhiiggaaga iyo hemoglobin glycosylated (HbA1c) waa in si joogto ah loo hubiyaa si loo ogaado jawaabtaada insulin degludec. Dhakhtarkaaga ayaa sidoo kale kuu sheegi doona sida loo hubiyo jawaabtaada daawadan adoo ku cabbiraya heerarka sonkorta dhiiggaaga guriga. Si taxaddar leh u raac tilmaamahaas.

Waa inaad marwalba xidhataa jijin aqoonsiga kaadi macaanka si loo hubiyo inaad hesho daaweyn sax ah markay tahay xaalad degdeg ah. Ha u ogolaan qof kale inuu isticmaalo daawadaada. Weydii farmashiistahaaga wixii su'aalo ah ee aad ka qabto dib u soo celinta daawada laguu qoray.

Waxaa muhiim kuu ah inaad haysato liis qoran oo ku saabsan dhammaan daawooyinka laguu qoro iyo kuwa aan dhakhtar qorin (warqad dhakhtar la aan ah) ee aad qaadanaysid, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saar kasta sida fiitamiinnada, macdanta, ama nafaqooyinka kale ee nafaqada leh. Waa inaad soo qaadataa liiskan markasta oo aad booqato dhakhtar ama haddii isbitaal la dhigo. Sidoo kale waa macluumaad muhiim ah inaad lasocoto haddii ay jiraan xaalado deg deg ah.

• Tresiba^®
• Ryzodeg^® (oo ah shey isku jira oo ay kujiraan Insulin Degludec iyo Insulin Aspart)
• Xultophy^® (oo ah shey isku jira oo ay kujiraan Insulin Degludec iyo Liraglutide)