Tijaabada Lafaha

Qanacsan

• Maxay yihiin tijaabooyinka dhuuxa lafta?
• Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?
• Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta?
• Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta?
• Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?
• Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?
• Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?
• Tixraacyo

Maxay yihiin tijaabooyinka dhuuxa lafta?

Dhuuxa lafta waa nudaha jilicsan ee jilicsan ee laga helo bartamaha lafaha badankood. Dhuuxa lafta ayaa sameeya noocyo unugyo dhiig oo kala duwan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Unugyada dhiigga cas (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan erythrocytes), oo ka qaada oksijiinta sambabahaaga una geynaya unug kasta oo jirkaaga ka mid ah
• Unugyada dhiigga cad (sidoo kale loo yaqaan leukocytes), oo kaa caawinaya la dagaallanka infekshinka
• Dhiig-xinjirooyinka, oo ka caawiya xinjirowga dhiigga.

Tijaabooyinka dhuuxa lafta waxay hubiyaan inay fiirinayaan in dhuuxa laftaadu si sax ah u shaqeynayo oo sameynayo qaddar caadi ah oo unugyada dhiigga ah. Tijaabooyinku waxay kaa caawin karaan baaritaanka iyo kormeerka cilladaha kala duwan ee dhuuxa lafaha, cilladaha dhiigga, iyo noocyada kansarka qaarkood. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo tijaabooyin dhuuxa lafta ah:

• Himilada dhuuxa lafta, kaas oo tirtira qadar yar oo dheecaanka dhuuxa lafta ah
• Cad ka-qaadista laf-dhabarka lafta, taas oo ka saarta qaddar yar oo ka mid ah unugyada dhuuxa lafta

Baadhitaanka dhuuxa lafta iyo baadhitaannada bayoolajiga dhuuxa lafta waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa isla waqtigaas.

Magacyada kale: baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta

Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?

Tijaabooyinka dhuuxa lafta waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu:

• Soo ogow sababta dhibaatooyinka unugyada dhiigga cas, dhiigga cad, ama platelets
• Baadh oo kormeer cilladaha dhiigga, sida dhiig yaraan, polycythemia vera, iyo thrombocytopenia
• Baadhitaanka ciladaha dhuuxa lafta
• Baadh oo la soco noocyada kansarrada qaarkood, oo ay ku jiraan kansarka dhiigga qaba, myeloma badan, iyo lymphoma
• Baadh infekshannada laga yaabo inay bilaabeen ama ku faafayaan dhuuxa lafta

Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta?

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu dalbado himilada dhuuxa lafta iyo dheecaanka dhuuxa lafta haddii baaritaanada kale ee dhiigga ay muujiyaan heerarkaaga unugyada dhiigga cas, unugyada dhiigga cad, ama platelets-ka caadi ma ahan. Aad u tiro badan ama aad u yar oo ka mid ah unugyadan ayaa macnaheedu noqon karaa inaad leedahay cillad caafimaad, sida kansarka ku bilaabma dhiiggaaga ama dhuuxa lafta. Haddii lagaa daaweynayo nooc kale oo kansar ah, baaritaannadan ayaa lagu ogaan karaa haddii kansarku ku faafay dhuuxa laftaada.

Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta?

Baadhitaanka dhuuxa lafta iyo baadhitaannada bayoolaji dhuuxa lafta waxaa badanaa la bixiyaa isla waqti isku mid ah. Dhaqtar ama daryeel caafimaad bixiye kale ayaa sameyn doona baaritaanka. Baaritaanka ka hor, adeeg bixiyuhu wuxuu ku weydiin karaa inaad gashato goonnada isbitaalka. Bixiyaha ayaa baari doona cadaadiska dhiiggaaga, garaaca wadnaha, iyo heerkulka. Waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu siiyo dejiye dhexdhexaad ah, daawo kaa caawin doonta inaad nasato. Inta lagu jiro baaritaanka:

• Waxaad u jiifsan doontaa dhinacaaga ama calooshaada, iyadoo ku xiran lafta loo isticmaali doono baaritaanka. Badi baaritaanka dhuuxa lafta waxaa laga qaadaa lafta misigta.
• Jirkaaga waxaa lagu dabooli doonaa maro, sidaa darteed kaliya aagga agagaarka goobta baaritaanka ayaa muujinaya.
• Goobta waxaa lagu nadiifin doonaa daawada jeermiska dila.
• Waxaad lagugu duri doonaa xal suuxdin ah. Way ku dareemi kartaa
• Marka aaggu kabuubyo, bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa tijaabada qaadi doona. Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad been iska aamustid inta lagu jiro baaritaanka.
  • Himilada dhuuxa lafta, oo badanaa la sameeyo marka hore, daryeel caafimaad bixiyaha ayaa irbad ka galin doona lafta oo soo saari doona dheecaanka dhuuxa lafta iyo unugyada. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad dareento xanuun fiiqan laakiin kooban markii irbadda lagaa gelinayo.
  • Cad ka-qaadista laf-dhabarka dhuuxa lafta, bixiyaha daryeelka caafimaad wuxuu u isticmaali doonaa qalab gaar ah oo qalloocinaya lafta si uu u soo qaado shaybaarka unugyada dhuuxa lafta. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad xoogaa culeys ah ka dareento goobta inta tijaabada lagaa qaadayo.
• Waxay qaadataa qiyaastii 10 daqiiqo in la sameeyo labada baaritaanba.
• Baaritaanka ka dib, bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa goobta ku dabooli doona faashad.
• Qorsheyso in qof kuu kaxeeyo guriga, maxaa yeelay waxaa lagu siin karaa daawooyin suuxin ah baaritaanka ka hor, taasoo kaa dhigi karta inaad lulmooto.

Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?

Waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa inaad saxeexdo foom kuu oggolaanaya inaad samayso tijaabooyinka dhuuxa lafta. Hubso inaad weydiiso adeeg bixiyaha wixii su'aalo ah ee aad ka qabto nidaamka.

Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?

Dad badan ayaa dareema wax yar oo raaxo ah ka dib hamiga dhuuxa lafta iyo baaritaanka bayoolajiga. Baaritaanka ka dib, waxaad dareemi kartaa adkaansho ama xanuun meesha la duray. Tani badanaa way baaba'daa maalmo yar gudahood. Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa kugula talin kara ama kuu qori kara xanuun joojiye inuu ku caawiyo. Calaamadaha halista ah aad ayey dhif u yihiin, laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Xanuun muddo dheer soconaya ama raaxo daro ku ah goobta duritaanka
• Guduudasho, barar, ama dhiig bax badan goobta
• Qandho

Haddii aad leedahay mid ka mid ah astaamahan, wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga.

Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?

Waxay qaadan kartaa dhowr maalmood ama xitaa dhowr toddobaad si loo helo natiijooyinka baaritaanka dhuuxa laftaada. Natiijooyinka waxaa laga yaabaa inay muujiyaan inaad qabto cudur dhuuxa lafta, cilad dhiig, ama kansar. Haddii lagaa daweynayo kansar, natiijooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inay muujiyaan:

• In daweyntaadu shaqeyneyso iyo in kale
• Sidee cudurkaagu u horumarsan yahay

Haddii natiijooyinkaagu aysan caadi ahayn, daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaagu wuxuu u badan yahay inuu dalbado baaritaanno dheeri ah ama kala hadlo xulashooyinka daaweynta. Haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid natiijooyinkaaga, la hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga.

Wax badan ka baro baaritaanka shaybaarka, kala duwanaanshaha tixraaca, iyo fahamka natiijooyinka.

Tixraacyo

1. Bulshada Mareykanka ee Cudurka Cudurka Hematology [Internet]. Washington DC: Bulshada Mareykanka ee Cudurka Cudurka Hematology; c2017. Qaamuuska Hematology [xigasho 2017 Oct 4]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.hematology.org/Patients/Basics/Glossary.aspx
2. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Buug-gacmeedka Shaybaarka iyo Tijaabooyinka Baaritaanka. Ed 2aad, shidan Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Hiigsiga Lafaha Lafta iyo Biopsy; 99-100 p.
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6. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Aasaaska Mayo ee Caafimaadka Caafimaadka iyo Cilmi-baarista; c1998–2017. Tijaabooyinka iyo Nidaamyada: Cad ka-qaadista laf-dhabarka iyo himilada: Khataraha; 2014 Nofeembar 27 [daliishaday 2017 Oktoobar 4]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/bone-marrow-biopsy/basics/risks/prc-20020282
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10. Nooca Merck Manual Consumer Version [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc.; c2017. Imtixaanka Lafta Lafta [xigasho 2017 Oct 4]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/symptoms-and-diagnosis-of-blood-disorders/bone-marrow-examination
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Macluumaadka ku yaal boggan waa in aan loo isticmaalin beddel daryeel caafimaad oo xirfad leh ama talo. La xiriir bixiye daryeel caafimaad haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid caafimaadkaaga.