CBC: maxaa loogu talagalay iyo sida loo fahmo natiijada
Qanacsan
- 1. Unugyada dhiigga cas, erythrocytes ama erythrocytes
- 2. Unugyada dhiigga cad (leukocytes)
- 3. Balatarka
Tirinta dhiiga oo dhameystiran waa baaritaanka dhiiga ee qiimeeya unugyada dhiiga ka kooban, sida leukocytes, oo looyaqaano unugyada dhiiga cad, unugyada dhiiga cas, sidoo kale loo yaqaan unugyada dhiiga cas ama erythrocytes, iyo platelets.
Qaybta tirinta dhiigga ee u dhiganta falanqaynta unugyada dhiigga cas waxaa loo yaqaan 'erythrogram' taasoo, marka lagu daro tilmaanta tirada unugyada dhiigga, ay ka war bixinayso tayada unugyada dhiigga cas, iyagoo muujinaya inay yihiin cabirka ku habboon ama qaddarka lagula taliyay ee haemoglobin ee ku jira, taas oo ka caawinaysa in la caddeeyo sababaha keena dhiig yaraan, tusaale ahaan. Macluumaadkan waxaa bixiya indices hematimetric, kuwaas oo ah HCM, VCM, CHCM iyo RDW.
Soonka daruuri uma ahan aruurinta, si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa lagula talinayaa in aan la sameyn jimicsi jireed 24 saac baaritaanka ka hor iyo in la joogo 48 saacadood iyada oo aan la cabbin nooc kasta oo cabitaanno aalkolo ah, maadaama ay wax ka beddeli karaan natiijada.
Xaaladaha qaarkood ee lagu arki karo tirinta dhiigga waa:
1. Unugyada dhiigga cas, erythrocytes ama erythrocytes
Erythrogram waa qayb ka mid ah tirinta dhiigga taas oo lagu gorfeeyo astaamaha unugyada dhiigga cas, erythrocytes, sidoo kale loo yaqaan erythrocytes.
HT ama HCT - Hematocrit | Waxay u taagan tahay boqolkiiba mugga ay ku jiraan unugyada dhiigga cas ee wadarta mugga dhiigga | Sare: Fuuqbax, polycythemia iyo shoog; Hoose: Dhiig yaraan, dhiig bax badan, kilyo xanuun, birta iyo borotiin yaraanta iyo sepsis. |
Hb - Hemoglobin | Waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha unugyada dhiigga cas waxayna mas'uul ka tahay qaadashada oksijiinta | Sare: Polycythemia, wadnaha oo istaaga, cudurka sambabka iyo meelaha sare; Hoose: Uurka, dhiig yaraanta birta, dhiig yaraanta megaloblastic, thalassaemia, kansarka, nafaqo-xumada, cudurka beerka iyo lupus. |
Marka lagu daro xaddiga unugyada dhiigga cas, tirinta dhiiggu waa inay sidoo kale lafagurtaa astaamahooda qaabdhismeedka, maadaama ay sidoo kale tilmaami karaan cudurro. Qiimeyntan waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo indices hematimetric soo socda:
- MCV ama Qiyaasta Isku-xirka Maskaxda:wuxuu cabbiraa cabirka unugyada dhiigga cas, oo laga yaabo inay ku kordhaan noocyada dhiig yaraanta qaarkood, sida fiitamiin B12 ama yaraanta folic acid, khamriga ama isbedelka dhuuxa lafta. Haddii la yareeyo, waxay muujin kartaa dhiig-yaraan dhiig yaraanta birta ama asalka hidde ahaan, sida Thalassaemia, tusaale ahaan. Wax badan ka baro VCM;
- HCM ama Hemoglobin Iskucelcelis ah:waxay muujineysaa wadarta isku-uruurinta haemoglobin iyadoo la falanqeynayo cabbirka iyo midabka unugga dhiigga cas. Eeg waxa HCM sare iyo hoose uu yahay;
- CHCM (iskucelceliska uruurinta haemoglobin jirka): waxay muujineysaa isku-uruurinta haemoglobin halkii unug ee cas cas, iyadoo caadi ahaan lagu yareeyo dhiig-yaraanta, waxaana xaaladdan loo yaqaan hypochromia;
- RDW (Heerka qaybinta unugyada dhiigga cas): waa tixraac tilmaamaya boqolkiiba kala duwanaanta cabbirka unugyada dhiigga cas ee sambal dhiig, sidaa darteed, haddii ay jiraan unugyada dhiigga cas ee cabbirada kala duwan ee tijaabada, baaritaanka waxaa laga yaabaa la beddelo, taas oo tilmaan u noqon karta bilawga birta ama fitamiin yaraanta dhiig-yaraanta, tusaale ahaan, iyo qiimeyaashooda tixraacyadu waxay u dhexeeyaan 10 illaa 15%. Waxbadan ka baro RDW.
Raadi faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qiyamka tixraaca tirinta dhiigga.
2. Unugyada dhiigga cad (leukocytes)
Leukogram waa tijaabo muhiim ah oo gacan ka geysata xaqiijinta xasaanadda qofka iyo sida jirku ula falgeli karo xaaladaha kala duwan, sida infekshannada iyo caabuqyada, tusaale ahaan. Marka fiirsashada leukocyte-ka ay sarreyso, xaaladda waxaa lagu magacaabaa leukocytosis, tan gadaalna, leukopenia. Eeg sida loo fahmo natiijada unugyada dhiigga cad.
Neutrophils | Sare:Caabuqyada, caabuqa, kansarka, naxdinta, walbahaarka, kaadi macaanka ama gout. Hoose: Faytamiin B12 la'aanta, sickle cell anemia, isticmaalka steroids, qalliinka kadib ama purpura thrombocytopenic. |
Eosinophils | Sare: Xasaasiyadda, Gooryaanka, dhiig yaraanta halista ah, ulcerative colitis ama cudurka Hodgkin. Hoose: Isticmaalka beta-blockers, corticosteroids, diiqad, bakteeriyada ama infekshinka fayraska. |
Basophils | SareMarka laga saaro beeryarada, myeloid leukemia daba dheeraatay, polycythemia, bus bus ama cudurka Hodgkin. Hooseeya: Hyperthyroidism, infekshannada degdegga ah, uurka ama shoog anaphylactic ah. |
Lymphocytes | Sare: Cudurka faafa ee mononucleosis, qaamo-qashiirta, jadeecada iyo infekshannada daran. Hooseeya: Infekshan ama nafaqo-xumo. |
Monocytes | Sare: Monocytic leukemia, cudurka kaydinta dufanka, infekshinka borotokoolka ama ulcerative colitis. Hooseeya: Dhiig yaraan (Aplastic anemia). |
3. Balatarka
Platelet waa dhab ahaan jajabka unugyada oo aad muhiim u ah maxaa yeelay iyaga ayaa mas'uul ka ah bilaabida hawsha xinjirowga. Qiimaha platelet-ka caadiga ahi waa inuu u dhexeeyaa 150,000 ilaa 450,000 / mm³ oo dhiig ah.
Dhiig-xinjiraha kacsan ayaa walaac leh maxaa yeelay waxay sababi karaan xinjirowga dhiigga iyo xinjirowga dhiigga, halista dhiig-baxa iyo sambabka sanbabada, tusaale ahaan. Markay yareeyaan, waxay kordhin karaan halista dhiig-baxa. Raadi waxa sababa iyo waxa la sameeyo haddii ay dhacdo in xinjiro dhiig oo yar yahay.