Xakamaynta Kalastaroolka: PCSK9 Inhibitors iyo Statins

Qanacsan

• Ku saabsan statins
• Sida ay u shaqeeyaan
• Noocyada
• Ku saabsan ka hortagayaasha PCSK9
• Markii loo qoro
• Sida ay u shaqeeyaan
• Dhibaatooyinka ay keento
• Wax ku oolnimada
• Qiimaha
• La hadal dhakhtarkaaga
• La hadal dhakhtarkaaga

Hordhac

Ku dhowaad 74 milyan oo Mareykan ah ayaa leh kolestarool sare, sida laga soo xigtay. Si kastaba ha noqotee, in ka yar kalabar ayaa loo daaweynayaa. Tani waxay gelineysaa khatar sare oo wadno qabad iyo istaroog ah. In kasta oo jimicsiga iyo cunno caafimaad leh ay inta badan gacan ka geysan karaan maaraynta heerarka kolestaroolka, mararka qaarkood daawo ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Laba nooc oo daawo ah oo loo qoro in lagu daaweeyo kolestaroolka sare waxaa ka mid ah statins iyo PCSK9 inhibitors. Statins waa daaweyn caan ah oo la heli jiray ilaa 1980s. PCSK9 kahortagayaasha, dhanka kale, waa nooc cusub oo daroogada kolestaroolka ah. Waxay ansixiyeen Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka sanadkii 2015.

Marka adiga iyo dhakhtarkaagu aad go'aan ka gaartey daroogada kolestaroolka adiga, waxaad tixgelin kartaa arrimo sida waxyeelada, qiimaha, iyo waxtarka. Akhriso si aad waxbadan uga ogaato daawooyinkan iyo sida ay isubarbar dhigaan labada nooc.

Ku saabsan statins

Statins waa mid ka mid ah noocyada ugu badan ee daawooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu caawiyo yareynta kolestaroolka. Haddii aad leedahay kolestarool sare ama haliso kale oo wadnaha ah, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kugula talin karaa inaad bilowdo qaadashada statin. Badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii daaweynta-safka koowaad ee kolestaroolka sare. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inay yihiin daaweynta ugu horreysa ee dhakhtarkaagu kuu soo jeediyo.

Sida ay u shaqeeyaan

Statins waxay ku shaqeysaa iyadoo laga hortagayo walax la yiraahdo HMG-CoA reductase. Tani waa isku darka beerkaagu u baahan yahay inuu sameeyo kolestarool. Joojinta maaddadan waxay yaraynaysaa xaddiga kolestaroolka uu beerkaagu sameeyo. Statins sidoo kale waxay ku shaqeysaa iyadoo ka caawineysa jirkaaga inuu dib u soo celiyo kolestarool kasta oo ku soo ururay darbiyada marinnada dhiiggaaga. Si aad wax dheeraad ah uga ogaato, ka akhriso sida statins u shaqeeyaan.

Noocyada

Statins waxay ku timaadaa qaab kaniini ah ama kaabsal aad afka ku qaadanayso. Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo statins ah oo laga heli karo Mareykanka maanta. Waxaa ka mid ah:

• atorvastatin (Liifle)
• fluvastatin (Lescol)
• lovastatin (Altoprev)
• pravastatin (Pravachol)
• rosuvastatin (Crestor)
• simvastatin (Zocor)
• pitavastatin (Livalo)

Ku saabsan ka hortagayaasha PCSK9

Statins waxaa loo qori karaa dad badan oo leh kolestarool sare, laakiin PCSK9 kahortagayaasha ayaa caadi ahaan loo qoraa oo keliya noocyada dadka qaarkood. Sababtoo ah statins waxay soo jireen waqti dheer, waxaan waxbadan ka ogaanay sida ay waxtar u yihiin. PCSK9 ka hortagayaashu way cusub yihiin oo markaa waxay leeyihiin xog badbaado oo muddo-gaaban ah.

Sidoo kale, PCSK9 xakameeyayaashu aad ayey qaali u yihiin marka la barbar dhigo statins.

PCSK9 joojiyeyaasha waxaa lagu siiyaa irbad keliya. Kaliya waxaa jira laba PCSK9 Inhibitors oo maanta laga heli karo Mareykanka: Praluent (alirocumab) iyo Repatha (evolocumab).

Markii loo qoro

Kuliyada Caafimaadka Wadnaha ee Mareykanka waxay kugula talineysaa adiga iyo takhtarkaaga inaad tixgelisaan ka hortaga PCSK9 kaliya haddii:

• Waxaa lagugu tixgeliyaa inaad khatar sare ugu jirto dhibaatada wadnaha iyo kolestaroolkaaga laguma xakameeyo statins ama daroogooyinka kale ee hoos u dhigaya kolestaroolka
• waxaad leedahay xaalad hidde ah oo loo yaqaan 'familial hypercholesterolemia', oo ku lug leh heerar aad u sarreeya oo kolestarool ah

Labada xaaladood midkood, PCSK9 kahortagayaasha ayaa sida caadiga ah loo qoraa kadib markii laba nooc oo dawo ah aysan ka caawinin hoos u dhigista heerarka kolestaroolkaaga. Tusaale ahaan, dhakhtarkaaga ayaa marka hore kuu qori kara statin.Haddii taasi aysan yareynin heerarka kolestaroolka ee kugu filan, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kugula talin karaa ezetimibe (Zetia) ama daawooyinka loo yaqaan 'reside acid resins'. Tusaalooyinka kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah cholestyramine (Locholest), colesevelam (Welchol), ama colestipol (Colestid).

Haddii heerarka kolestaroolkaagu ay aad u sarreeyaan ka dib noocan labaad ee daawada ah, markaa dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kuu soo jeedin karaa PCSK9 kahortagayaasha.

Sida ay u shaqeeyaan

PCSK9 inhibitors ayaa loo isticmaali karaa marka lagu daro ama halkii laga heli lahaa statins. Daawooyinkani waxay u shaqeeyaan si ka duwan. PCSK9 ka hortagayaashu waxay bartilmaameedsadaan borotiin ku jira beerka oo loo yaqaan 'proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9', ama PCSK9. Adoo yareynaya qaddarka PCSK9 ee jirkaaga, kuwa ka hortaga PCSK9 waxay u oggolaadaan jirkaaga inuu ka saaro kolestaroolka si hufan.

Dhibaatooyinka ay keento

Statins iyo PCSK9 inhibitors kasta waxay sababi karaan waxyeelo khafiif ah oo aad u daran, saameyntuna way ku kala duwan yihiin daawooyinka.

Wax ku oolnimada

Statins ayaa la muujiyay inay hoos u dhigto kolestaroolka dad badan. Waxaa la adeegsan jiray ilaa 1980s saameyntoodana waxaa lagu darsay kumanaan dad ah oo qaata statins si looga hortago wadno qabad iyo istaroog.

Taa bedelkeeda, PCSK9 xakameeyayaasha ayaa dhowaan la ansixiyay, sidaa darteed xogta badbaadada muddada-dheer uma fiicna. Hase yeeshe PCSK9 ka hortagayaashu waxtar weyn ayey u leeyihiin dadka qaarkood.Hal daraasad ayaa muujisay in alirocumab ay hoos u dhigtay heerarka kalastarolka boqolkiiba 61. Waxay sidoo kale hoos u dhigtay suurtagalnimada dhacdooyinka wadnaha iyo wadnaha iyo istaroogga. Daraasad kale ayaa heshay natiijooyin isku mid ah evolocumab.

Qiimaha

Statins waxaa lagu heli karaa qaab magac ahaan iyo qaabab guud. Generics guud ahaan waa ka qiimo yar yahay noocyada calaamadaha, sidaas darteed statins waxay noqon karaan kuwo aan qaali ahayn.

PCSK9 ka hortagayaashu waa cusub yihiin, markaa ma haystaan ​​noocyo guud oo la heli karo weli. Sababtaas awgeed, way ka qaalisan yihiin statins. Qiimaha PCSK9 joojiyeyaashu waxay ka badnaan karaan $ 14,000 sanadkii. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, si kharashkaan u daboosho caymiskaaga, waa inaad ku dhacdaa mid ka mid ah labada qaybood ee lagu taliyay inaad isticmaasho PCSK9 inhibitors. Haddii aadan ku habboonayn mid ka mid ah qaybahaas, waxay u badan tahay inaad adigu iska bixiso PCSK9 inhibitor ah.

La hadal dhakhtarkaaga

Statins iyo PCSK9 kahortagayaasha waa xulashooyinka daroogada ee muhiimka ah daaweynta heerarka kolestaroolka sare. In kasta oo labada nooc ee daroogadu ay caawiyaan yareynta heerarka kolestaroolka, haddana waxaa jira kala duwanaansho fure u ah. Jadwalka hoose wuxuu ku qeexayaa kala duwanaanshahaas jalleec.

La hadal dhakhtarkaaga

Haddii aad leedahay kolestarool aad u sarreeya oo aad u malaynayso in noocyada daroogada ah midkood ay adiga kugu habboon tahay, tallaabada ugu horreysa waa inaad la hadasho dhakhtarkaaga. Waxay waxbadan kaaga sheegi karaan daawooyinkaan iyo xulashooyinkaaga daaweynta kale. Su'aalaha qaarkood ee lagala hadlayo dhakhtarkaaga waxay noqon karaan:

• Daawadu ma talaabada xigta ayey igu qaadataa maareynta kolestaroolka sare?
• Miyaan buuxiyaa labada shuruudood ee loogu talagalay dadka loo qori karo PCSK9 inhibitors?
• Miyaan la hadlaa khabiir ku takhasusay baruurta?
• Miyaan bilaabayaa qorshe jimicsi si aan u caawiyo maaraynta kolestaroolka?
• Ma ii gudbin kartaa dhakhtar diiwaangashan si uu iiga caawiyo maaraynta cuntadayda?