Xirnaanshaha marin-haweedka sare

Xannibaada hawo-mareenka sare waxay dhacdaa marka marinnada neefsashada ee sare ay cidhiidhi noqdaan ama xiraan, taasoo adkeyneysa in la neefsado. Meelaha hawo-mareenka sare ee ay saameyn karto waa hawo-mareenka (trachea), sanduuqa codka (larynx), ama cunaha (pharynx).

Marin-haweedku wuu cariiri noqon karaa ama xiri karaa sababo badan awgood, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Dareen-celinta xasaasiyadeed ee neef mareenka ama cunaha ay bararaan, oo ay kujiraan xasaasiyadda xasaasiyadda shinnida, looska, antibayootigyada (sida penicillin), iyo daawooyinka cadaadiska dhiigga (sida kuwa kahortaga ACE)
• Gubashada kiimikada iyo falcelinta
• Epiglottitis (infekshan ku dhaca qaab-dhismeedka ka soocaya hawo mareenka hunguriga)
• Dabka ama gubashada neefsashada qiiqa
• Meydadka ajaanibta ah, sida looska iyo cuntooyinka kale ee la neefsaday, qaybo buufin ah, badhamada, qadaadiic, iyo alaabada carruurtu ku ciyaarto
• Cudurrada aagga hawadda sare
• Dhaawaca aagga hawo-mareenka sare
• Maqaarka loo yaqaan 'Peritonsillar abscess' (aruurinta walxaha cudurka qaba ee u dhow qumanka)
• Sunta walxaha qaarkood, sida strychnine
• Cudurka 'Retropharyngeal abscess' (aruurinta walxaha cudurka qaba ee hareeraha hawo mareenka)
• Cudurka neefta ee daran
• Kansarka dhuunta
• Tracheomalacia (daciifnimada kilyaha oo taageera trachea)
• Dhibaatooyinka xadhkaha codka
• Inaad baxdo ama aad miyir beesho

Dadka halista sare ugu jira xannibaadda marin-haweedka waxaa ka mid ah kuwa qaba:

• Dhibaatooyinka neerfaha sida liqidda dhibaatada istaroogga ka dib
• Ilkaha lumay
• Dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka maskaxda qaarkood

Carruurta yar yar iyo dadka waaweynba sidoo kale waxay halis sare ugu jiraan xannibaadda marin-haweedka.

Calaamaduhu way kala duwan yihiin, waxayna kuxirantahay sababta. Laakiin astaamaha qaarkood waxay caan ku yihiin dhammaan noocyada marin-haweedka. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kicin ama fidno
• Midab buluug ah maqaarka (cyanosis)
• Isbedelada miyirka
• Ceejin
• Jahwareer
• Neefsashada oo dhib ah, hawo hawo qaadasho, taasoo keenta argagax
• Miyir daboolnaan
• Xiiq, ciirsi, foori, ama sawaxan kale oo neefsasho aan caadi ahayn oo tilmaamaya dhibaato neefsasho

Bixiyaha daryeelka caafimaad wuxuu sameyn doonaa baaritaan jireed wuxuuna hubin doonaa marin-haweedka. Bixiyaha ayaa sidoo kale weydiin doona waxa suurtogalka ah ee xannibaadda.

Tijaabooyinka badanaa looma baahna, laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Bronchoscopy (tuubada afka laga marinayo dhuunta neef mareenka iyo dhuumaha neef mareenka ah)
• Laryngoscopy (tuubada afka laga marinayo xagga dambe ee cunaha iyo sanduuqa codka)
• Raajo

Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay sababta xannibaadda.

• Waxyaabaha ku xayiran hawo-mareenka waxaa lagu saari karaa qalab gaar ah.
• Tuubo ayaa laga yaabaa in la galiyo marin-haweedka (endotracheal tube) si ay uga caawiso neefsashada.
• Mararka qaarkood furitaan ayaa laga sameeyaa qoorta iyadoo la marinayo hawo-mareenka (tracheostomy ama cricothyrotomy).

Haddii xannibaadda ay sabab u tahay jir ajnabi ah, sida gabal cunto ah oo lagu neefsaday, sameynta caloosha caloosha ama cadaadiska xabadka ayaa badbaadin kara nolosha qofka.

Daaweynta degdegga ah badanaa waa lagu guuleystaa. Laakiin xaaladdu waa mid khatar ah oo laga yaabo inay u dhinto, xitaa marka la daaweeyo.

Haddii xannibaadda aan la dabcin, waxay sababi kartaa:

• Dhaawaca maskaxda
• Neefsasho la'aanta
• Dhimasho

Xannibaadda marin-haweedku badanaa waa xaalad degdeg ah. Wac 911 ama lambarka gurmadka deg-degga ah si aad uga hesho gargaar caafimaad. Raac tilmaamaha ku saabsan sida loo caawiyo in neefsigu qofka ahaado illaa caawimaaddu ka timaaddo.

Ka-hortaggu wuxuu kuxiran yahay waxa keena hawo-mareenka sare.

Hababka soo socda ayaa kaa caawin kara kahortagga xannibaadda:

• Si tartiib ah wax u cun oo cun cun gebi ahaanba.
• Ha cabin aalkolo badan kahor ama intaad wax cunaysid.
• Ka fogee walxaha yaryar carruurta yaryar.
• Hubso in ilkaha ilkaha ee ilkaha si habboon u habboon.

Baro inaad aqoonsato calaamadda caalamiga ah ee awood u la'aanta neefsashada dariiqa hawo xiran ee xiran: qoorta oo aad ku qabato hal ama labada gacmood. Sidoo kale baro sida looga nadiifiyo jirka qalaad marin-haweedka iyadoo la adeegsanayo hab sida caloosha oo kale.

Xannibaadda Hawo-mareenka - daran sare

• Anatomy cunaha
• Ceejin
• Nidaamka neefsashada

Darawalnimo BE, U Diido RF. Maareynta marin-haweedka aasaasiga ah iyo go'aan gaarista. Gudaha: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. Nidaamka Caafimaadka ee Roberts iyo Hedges ’ee Daawada Degdegga ah iyo Daryeelka Ba’an. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: cutubka 3.

Rose E. Xaaladaha degdegga ah ee neefsashada carruurta: xannibaadda hawo-mareenka sare iyo infekshannada. Gudaha: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Daawada Degdega ah ee Rosen: Fikradaha iyo Tababarka Caafimaadka. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 167.

Thomas SH, Goodloe JM. Hay'adaha shisheeye. Gudaha: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Daawada Degdega ah ee Rosen: Fikradaha iyo Tababarka Caafimaadka. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 53.