Cudurka xuubka hoose ee anti-glomerular
Cudurrada xuubka hoose ee anti-glomerular (anti-GBM diseases) waa cilad naadir ah oo ku lug yeelan karta si dhakhso leh uga sii dareysa hawlgabka kelyaha iyo cudurka sambabka.
Noocyada cudurka qaarkood waxay ku lug leeyihiin oo keliya sambabaha ama kilyaha. Cudurka anti-GBM waxaa loo yiqiinay 'Goodpasture syndrome'.
Cudurka anti-GBM waa cillad isdifaaca jirka. Waxay dhacdaa marka habka difaaca jirka uu si qalad ah u weeraro oo u baabi'iyo unugyada jirka ee caafimaadka qaba. Dadka qaba cilladani waxay soo saaraan walxaha weerara borotiinka loo yaqaan 'collagen' ee ku jira kiishashka yar yar ee sanbabada iyo unugyada kala sifeynta (glomeruli) ee kilyaha.
Maaddooyinkaas waxaa loo yaqaan 'antiiglomerular basement membrane antibodies'. Xuubka xuubka hoose ee glomerular waa qayb ka mid ah kilyaha oo ka caawiya ka sifeynta qashinka iyo dheecaanka dheeraadka ah ee dhiigga. Antibodies-ka xuubka hoose ee 'Antiglomerular' waa unugyada difaaca jirka ee xuubkan. Waxay dhaawici karaan xuubka qaybta hoose, taas oo u horseedi karta dhaawac kelyaha ah.
Mararka qaarkood, cilladan waxaa kiciya caabuq ku dhaca fayraska neefsashada ama ku neefsashada dareeraha hydrocarbon. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, nidaamka difaaca ayaa weerari kara xubnaha ama unugyada maxaa yeelay waxay ku khaldamaysaa fayrasyadan ama kiimikooyinka shisheeye.
Jawaabta cilladaysan ee nidaamka difaaca jirka ayaa sababa dhiig bax ku dhaca hawo mareenka sambabaha iyo caabuq ku dhaca unugyada sifeynta unugyada.
Calaamaduhu waxay u dhici karaan si tartiib tartiib ah bilo ama xitaa sannado, laakiin badanaa si dhakhso leh ayey u soo baxaan maalmo ama toddobaadyo.
Rabitaanka cuntada oo luma, daal, iyo daciifnimo ayaa ah astaamo hore oo caan ah.
Calaamadaha sambabaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Qufac dhiig
- Qufac qallalan
- Neefta oo kugu yaraata
Kilyaha iyo astaamaha kale waxaa ka mid ah:
- Kaadi dhiig leh
- Dareen gubasho markaad kaadido
- Lalabbo iyo matag
- Maqaarka cirro leh
- Barar (edema) meel kasta oo jirka ka mid ah, gaar ahaan lugaha
Baadhitaan jireed ayaa laga yaabaa inuu muujiyo astaamaha dhiig karka iyo dheecaanka xad dhaafka ah. Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka waxaa laga yaabaa inuu maqlo dhawaaqyada wadnaha iyo sanbabada oo aan caadi aheyn markii uu xabadka ku dhageysanayo qalabka stethoscope.
Natiijooyinka kaadi-mareenka ayaa inta badan aan caadi ahayn, waxayna muujiyaan dhiig iyo borotiin ku jira kaadida. Unugyada dhiigga cas ee aan caadiga ahayn ayaa la arki karaa.
Tijaabooyinka soo socda sidoo kale waa la samayn karaa:
- Imtixaanka xuubka xuubka hoose ee 'Antiglomerular'
- Gaaska dhiiga halbowlaha
- BUN
- Raajo xabadka ah
- Creatinine (serum)
- Cad ka-qaadista sambabka
- Qalitaanka kelyaha
Hadafka ugu weyni waa in dhiiga laga saaro unugyada difaaca jirka ee waxyeelada leh. Daaweynta waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Plasmapheresis, oo ka saarta unugyada difaaca jirka ee waxyeelada leh si loo yareeyo bararka ku dhaca kilyaha iyo sambabaha.
- Daawooyinka 'Corticosteroid' (sida prednisone) iyo daawooyin kale, oo xakameeya ama aamusiya habka difaaca jirka.
- Daawooyinka sida xannibaadaha loo yaqaan 'angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors' iyo 'angiotensin receptor blockers' (ARBs), oo ka caawiya xakameynta cadaadiska dhiigga.
- Dialisis, oo la samayn karo haddii kelyaha oo aan shaqeyn karin la sii daaweyn karin.
- Qalitaanka kelyaha, kaas oo la samayn karo markii kilyahaadu sii shaqeyn waayaan.
Waxaa laga yaabaa in laguu sheego inaad xaddiddo qaadashada milixda iyo dheecaannada si aad u xakameyso bararka. Xaaladaha qaarkood, waxaa laga yaabaa in lagugula taliyo cunno yar oo dhexdhexaad ah in la siiyo.
Kheyraadkaani waxay bixin karaan macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan cudurka anti-GBM:
- Machadka Qaranka ee Sonkorowga iyo Cudurada Dheefshiidka iyo Kelyaha - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/anti-gbm-goodpastures-disease
- Aasaaska Kelyaha Qaranka - www.kidney.org/atoz/content/goodpasture
- Ururka Qaranka ee Dhibaatooyinka Nadir - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/goodpasture-syndrome
Cilad-sheegista hore aad ayey muhiim u tahay. Aragtida ayaa aad uga sii xun haddii kilyaha ay mar horeba si xun u waxyeelloobeen markii ay daaweynta bilaabato. Dhaawaca sambabka wuxuu u dhexeeyaa mid fudud ama mid daran.
Dad badan ayaa u baahan doona kaadi-sifeyn ama kelyo-beddelid.
Lama daaweyn, xaaladan waxay u horseedi kartaa mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:
- Cudurka kelyaha ee joogtada ah
- Cudurka kilyaha-dhamaadka
- Sambabka oo fashilmay
- Glomerulonephritis si dhakhso leh ayuu u socdaa
- Dhiigbax daran oo sambabaha ah (dhiig sambabaha)
Ballan wac wac bixiyahaaga haddii aad soo saareyso kaadi yar, ama aad leedahay calaamado kale oo cudurka anti-GBM ah.
Weligaa afkaaga ha ku urinin xabagta ama baasiinka siphon, taas oo sambabaha u soo bandhigta dareeraha hydrocarbon-ka waxayna sababi kartaa cudurka.
Cudurka 'Goodpasture syndrome'; Glomerulonephritis si dhakhso leh u socota oo leh dhiig-bax sambabada ah; Cudurka kelyaha ee sambabada; Glomerulonephritis - dhiig-baxa sambabada
- Kelyaha dhiiga laga helo
- Glomerulus iyo nephron
Collard HR, King TE, Schwarz MI. Dhiig-baxa Alveolar iyo cudurada infakshanka dhifka ah. Gudaha: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray iyo Nadel Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Neefsashada. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 67.
Phelps RG, Turner AN. Cudurka xuubka hoose ee anti-glomerular iyo cudurka Goodpasture. Gudaha: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, eds. Neefroloji Caafimaad oo dhameystiran. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: cutubka 24.
Radhakrishnan J, Appel GB, D'Agati VD. Cudurka 'glomerular Secondary disease'. Gudaha: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner iyo Raktarka kilyaha. 11aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 32.