Cudurka reflux ee 'Gastroesophageal'

Cudurka 'Gastroesophageal reflux disease' (GERD) waa xaalad ay waxyaabaha caloosha ku jira ay gadaal uga soo baxaan caloosha illaa hunguriga (dhuunta cuntada). Cunnadu waxay uga soo socotaa afkaaga ilaa caloosha hungurigaaga. GERD waxay xanuujin kartaa tuubada cuntada waxayna sababi kartaa laab xanuun iyo calaamado kale.

Markaad wax cunayso, cuntadu waxay uga gudubtaa cunaha una gudbisaa caloosha hunguriga. Giraan giraan muruqyo ah oo ku yaal hunguriga hoose ayaa ka horjoogsanaya cuntada la liqay inay dib ugu soo laabato. Muruqyadan muruqyada ah waxaa loo yaqaan muruqyada hunguriga hoose (LES).

Marka giraanta muruqyadu aysan dhammaanaynin, waxa ku jira caloosha ayaa dib ugu soo daadan kara hunguriga. Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa Reflux ama gastroesophageal reflux. Reflux wuxuu sababi karaa astaamo. Aashitada caloosha ee adag ayaa sidoo kale dhaawici karta dahaarka hunguriga.

Waxyaabaha halista u ah reflux waxaa ka mid ah:

• Isticmaalka aalkolada (suurto gal)
• Hiatal hernia (waa xaalad qayb ka mid ah caloosha ay ka dhaqaaqdo korka diaphragm-ka, taas oo ah muruqa kala saara xabadka iyo godadka caloosha)
• Cayilka
• Uurka
• Scleroderma
• Sigaar cabid
• Dib-u-fadhiisasho 3 saacadood gudahood ka dib cunista

Laabjeex iyo reflux caloosha kujira waxaa keeni kara ama uga sii dari kara uurka. Calaamadaha sidoo kale waxaa sababi kara daawooyinka qaarkood, sida:

• Anticholinergics (tusaale, dawada jirrada badda)
• Bronchodilators ee neefta
• Kaalshiyamka kanaalsiyaadka ee dhiig karka
• Dawooyinka Dopamine-firfircoon ee cudurka Parkinson
• Progestin dhiiga caadada ee aan caadiga ahayn ama xakameynta dhalmada
• Dawooyinka hurdo la’aanta ama welwelka
• Dawooyinka lidka ku ah diiqadaha ee loo yaqaan 'Tricyclic antidepressants'

La hadal daryeelahaaga caafimaadka haddii aad u malaynayso in mid ka mid ah daawooyinkaagu ay sababi karaan laabjeex. Weligaa ha badalin ama ha joojin qaadashada daawo adiga oo aan marka hore la hadlin bixiyahaaga.

Calaamadaha caanka ah ee GERD waxaa ka mid ah:

• Dareemida in cuntada ku dhegan tahay lafta naaska gadaashiisa
• Laab xanuun ama laab xanuun ku gubanaya
• Lalabbo kadib cunista

Calaamadaha aan caadiga ahayn waa:

• Soo celinta cuntada (dib u soo celinta)
• Qufac ama xiiq
• Dhibaato liqitaan
• Xaamilo
• Cabaadis ama cod beddelid
• Cune xanuun

Calaamaduhu way ka sii dari karaan markaad foorarsato ama aad jiifsato, ama ka dib markaad wax cuntid. Calaamadaha sidoo kale way ka sii xumaan karaan habeenkii.

Uma baahnid wax baaritaan ah haddii calaamadahaagu khafiif yihiin.

Haddii calaamadahaagu aad u daran yihiin ama ay soo noqdaan ka dib marka lagu daweeyo, dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu sameeyo baaritaan loo yaqaan endoscopy sare (EGD).

• Kani waa baaritaan lagu baarayo xuubka hunguriga hunguriga, caloosha, iyo qeybta koowaad ee xiidmaha yar.
• Waxaa lagu sameeyaa kamarad yar (endoscope dabacsan) oo dhuunta la galiyo.

Waxaad sidoo kale u baahan kartaa mid ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah tijaabooyinka soo socda:

• Baadhitaan cabbiraya inta jeer ee aysiidhka caloosha galaan tuubada ka soo baxda afka ilaa caloosha (oo loo yaqaan hunguriga)
• Imtixaan lagu cabirayo cadaadiska gudaha qaybta hoose ee hunguriga (manometry hunguriga)

Baadhitaanka dhiigga saxaro ee saxaro ee saxda ah ayaa lagu ogaan karaa dhiig-baxa ka imanaya cuncunka hunguriga, caloosha, ama xiidmaha.

Waxaad sameyn kartaa isbeddelo badan oo nolosha ah si ay kaaga caawiso daaweynta calaamadahaaga.

Tilmaamaha kale waxaa ka mid ah:

• Haddii aad cayillan tahay ama cayillan tahay, xaalado badan, in miisaanku kaa yaraado ayaa kaa caawin kara.
• Madaxa sariirta kor u qaad haddii calaamadahaagu ka sii daraan habeenkii.
  
• Cashadaada cun 2 ilaa 3 saacadood ka hor intaadan seexan.
  
• Ka fogow dawooyinka sida asbiriin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ama naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Qaado acetaminophen (Tylenol) si aad u yareyso xanuunka.
• Ku qaado dhammaan daawooyinkaaga biyo badan. Markii adeeg bixiyahaagu ku siiyo dawo cusub, weydii haddii ay sii kordhinayso laab xanuunkaaga.

Waad isticmaali kartaa dawooyinka lidka-dawada ee dukaanka la gato ka dib cuntada iyo wakhtiga hurdada, in kasta oo gargaarku aanu sii dheeraan doonin. Waxyeellooyinka caadiga ah ee dawooyinka antacids waxaa ka mid ah shuban ama calool istaag.

Daawooyinka kale ee miiska laga iibsado iyo dawooyinka la qoro ayaa daweyn kara GERD. Waxay u shaqeeyaan si ka gaabis badan antacids, laakiin waxay ku siinayaan gargaar ka dheer. Farmashiistahaaga, dhakhtarkaaga, ama kalkaalisada ayaa kuu sheegi kara sida loo qaato daawooyinkan.

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) waxay yareeyaan xaddiga aashitada calooshaada laga soo saaro.
• H2 blockers ayaa sidoo kale hoos u dhiga xaddiga aashitada lagu sii daayo caloosha.

Qalliinka anti-reflux waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ikhtiyaar u yahay dadka astaamahoodu ayan ku dhaafin isbeddellada hab-nololeedka iyo daawooyinka. Laabjeex iyo astaamo kale waa inay hagaagaan qalitaanka ka dib. Laakiin waxaad weli u baahan kartaa inaad u qaadato daawooyinka laab-jeexa.

Waxa kale oo jira daaweyn cusub oo loogu talagalay soo-celinta dheecaanka jirka oo lagu samayn karo endoscope (tuubbo jilicsan oo afka u marta caloosha).

Dadka badankood waxay ka jawaabaan isbeddelada hab-nololeedka iyo daawooyinka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, dad badan ayaa u baahan inay sii wadaan qaadashada daawooyinka si loo xakameeyo astaamahooda.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Neefta oo ka sii dartay
• Isbeddel ku dhaca xuubka hunguriga oo kordhin kara halista kansarka (Barrett hunguriga)
• Bronchospasm (cuncun iyo dabacsanaanta dariiqyada neefta oo aysiidhku sabab u yihiin)
• Muddo dheer (dabadheeraad ah) qufac ama xabeeb
• Dhibaatooyinka ilkaha
• Boog ku dhaca hunguriga hunguriga
• Cadaadis (ciriiri hunguriga hunguriga awgeed)

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii astaamaha aysan ku fiicnayn isbeddelada qaab nololeedka ama daawada.

Sidoo kale wac haddii aad leedahay:

• Dhiigbax
• Xiiq (qufac, neef-qabad)
• Dareemidda dhaqso ayaa u buuxsantay markii aad wax cunayso
• Matag joogto ah
• Cabaadis
• Cunto xumo
• Dhibaato liqitaan (dysphagia) ama xanuun liqitaan (odynophagia)
• Miisaanka oo yaraada
• Dareemidda sida cuntada ama kaniiniyada ayaa ku dhegan lafta naaska gadaashiisa
  

Ka fogaanshaha arrimaha sababa laabjeexa ayaa kaa caawin kara kahortagga astaamaha. Cayilku wuxuu ku xiran yahay GERD. Joogitaanka miisaanka jirka ee caafimaadka qaba ayaa kaa caawin kara kahortagga xaaladda.

Cudurka hunguriga 'Peptic esophagitis'; Reflux esophagitis; GERD; Qalbi-xanuun - chronic; Dyspepsia - GERD

• Qalliinka anti-reflux - carruurta - dheecaan
• Qalliinka anti-reflux - dheecaan
• Reflux Gastroesophageal - dheecaan
• Laab laab - maxaa la weydiiyaa dhakhtarkaaga
• Qaadashada dawada asiidhka

• Nidaamka dheefshiidka
• Cudurka reflux ee 'Gastroesophageal'
• Reflux Gastroesophageal - taxane

Abdul-Hussein M, Castell DO. Cudurka reflux Gastroesophageal (GERD). Gudaha: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Daaweynta Conn ee hadda 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 219-222.

ASGE Heerarka Guddiga Tababarka, Muthusamy VR, Lightdale JR, et al. Doorka endoscopy ee maaraynta GERD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015; 81 (6): 1305-1310. PMID: 25863867 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25863867.

Falk GW, Katzka DA. Cudurada hunguriga. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 129.

Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Tilmaamaha baaritaanka iyo maaraynta cudurka reflux gastroesophageal. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013; 108 (3): 308-328. PMID: 23419381 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419381.

Machadka Qaranka ee Sonkorowga iyo Cudurka Dheefshiidka iyo Kelyaha. Acid reflux (GER & GERD) ee dadka waaweyn. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content. La cusbooneysiiyay Noofambar 2015. Waxaa la helay Febraayo 26, 2020.

Richter JE, Friedenberg FK. Cudurka reflux ee 'Gastroesophageal'. Gudaha: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Cudurka caloosha iyo beerka ee Sleisenger iyo Fordtran. 10aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 44.