Kansarka hunguriga

Kansarka hungurigu waa kansar ka bilaabma hunguriga. Kani waa tuubbada ay cuntada ka soo guurto afka ilaa caloosha.

Kansarka hungurigu kuma badna Maraykanka. Waxay badanaa ku dhacdaa ragga ka weyn da'da 50 sano.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn oo kansarka hunguriga; kansarka unugyada 'squamous cell carcinoma' iyo 'adenocarcinoma'. Labadan nooc waxay u muuqdaan kuwo ka duwan midba midka kale hoosta mikroskoobka.

Kansarka hunguriga hunguriga ku dhaca unugyada unugyada jirka waxay kuxirantahay sigaar cabida iyo cabida aalkolada badan.

Adenocarcinoma waa nooca ugu badan ee kansarka hunguriga. Haysashada hunguriga Barrett wuxuu kordhiyaa halista kansarka noocan ah. Cudurka qanjirada 'Acid reflux disease' (cudurka 'gastroesophageal reflux disease', ama 'GERD) ayaa isku beddeli kara hunguriga Barrett Waxyaabaha kale ee halista keena waxaa ka mid ah sigaar cabista, ragga, ama cayilnaanta.

Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Dhaqdhaqaaqa gadaal ee cuntada ee hunguriga iyo suurta galnimada afka (regurgitation)
• Xabad xanuun aan la xiriirin cunista
• Dhibaatooyinka adkaanta liqitaanka ama dareerayaasha
• Laab xanuun
• Matag dhiig
• Miisaanka oo yaraada

Tijaabooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu caawiyo baaritaanka kansarka hunguriga waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Raajooyin taxane ah ayaa loo qaaday si loo baaro hunguriga (liqitaanka barium)
• Laabta MRI ama CT thoracic (badanaa loo isticmaalo in lagu caawiyo go'aaminta heerka cudurka)
• Ultrasound Endoscopic (sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu go'aamiyo heerka cudurka)
• Tijaabi si loo baaro loona saaro saamiga dheecaanka hunguriga (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, EGD)
• Baadhitaanka PET (mararka qaarkood waxtar u leh go'aaminta heerka cudurka, iyo in qalliin suurtogal tahay)

Tijaabada saxarada ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku muujiso dhiig yar saxarada.

EGD waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa in laga soo qaado nudaha unugyada hunguriga si loo ogaado kansarka.

Markuu kansarku keli ku yahay hunguriga oo uusan faafin, qalliin ayaa la sameyn doonaa. Kansarka iyo qayb, ama dhammaan, hunguriga waa laga saaray. Qalliinka waxaa lagu sameyn karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo:

• Qalliin furan, inta lagu guda jiro 1 ama 2 jeexitaanno waaweyn.
• Qalliin yar oo duullaan ah, inta lagu guda jiro 2 illaa 4 jeexitaanno yaryar ayaa lagu sameeyaa caloosha. Laparoscope oo leh kamarad yar ayaa la gelinayaa caloosha iyada oo loo marayo mid ka mid ah meelaha la jeexay.

Daaweynta shucaaca sidoo kale waa loo isticmaali karaa halkii qalliinka xaaladaha qaarkood marka kansarku uusan ku faafin bannaanka hunguriga.

Ama kemotherabi, shucaac, ama labadaba waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu yareeyo burooyinka loona fududeeyo qaliinka in la sameeyo.

Haddii qofku aad u jiran yahay inuu qalliin weyn galo ama kansarku ku faafo xubnaha kale, kiimiko ku daaweyn ama shucaac ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo yareeyo astaamaha. Tan waxaa loo yaqaan 'palliative therapy'. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, cudurku badanaa lama daaweyn karo.

Isbedelka cuntada ka sokow, daaweynta kale ee loo isticmaali karo in laga caawiyo bukaanka inuu liqo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Daahidda hunguriga hunguriga iyadoo la adeegsanayo endoscope. Mararka qaar stent ayaa loo dhigaa si hungurigu u furmo.
• Tuubo quudin caloosha ah.
• Daawada loo yaqaan 'Photodynamic therapy', taas oo dawo gaar ah lagu mudaa burada ka dibna loo iftiimiyo iftiinka. Iftiinka wuxuu dhaqaajiyaa daawada weerara burada.

Waad yareyn kartaa diiqada jirrada adoo ku biiraya kooxda taageerta kansarka. La wadaagida dadka kale ee leh khibradaha guud iyo dhibaatooyinka ayaa kaa caawin kara inaadan kali dareemin

Marka kansarku uusan ku faafin hunguriga dibaddiisa, qalliinku wuxuu wanaajin karaa fursadda badbaadada.

Marka kansarku ku fido qaybaha kale ee jirka, daawo guud ahaan suurtagal maahan. Daaweyntu waxay ku wajahan tahay yareynta calaamadaha.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Burunkiito
• Miisaan aad u daran oo ka yimaada cunid la'aanta kugu filan

Wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga haddii ay kugu adkaato inaad wax liqdo sabab la garanaynin oo aysan ka soo raynayn. Sidoo kale wac haddii aad leedahay astaamo kale oo kansarka hunguriga.

Si loo yareeyo halista kansarka hunguriga:

• SIGAAR ha cabin.
• Xaddid ama ha cabbin cabbitaannada aalkolada leh.
• Dhakhtarkaagu iska hubi haddii aad qabto GERD daran.
• Hel baaritaanno joogto ah haddii aad qabto hunguriga Barrett.

Kansarka - hunguriga

• Esophagectomy - dheecaan
• Tuubbada quudinta caloosha - caloosha
• Tuubbada quudinta Jejunostomy

• Nidaamka dheefshiidka
• Kahortagga laabjeex
• Kansarka hunguriga

Ku GY, Ilson DH. Kansarka hunguriga. Gudaha: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 71.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Daaweynta kansarka hunguriga (PDQ) - nooca caafimaadka mihnadeed. www.cancer.gov/types/esophageal/hp/esophageal-treatment-pdq. La cusbooneysiiyay Noofembar 12, 2019. La helay Diseembar 5, 2019.

Shabakada Shabakada Shabakada Kansarka oo dhameystiran. Tilmaamaha tababarka caafimaadka ee NCCN ee kansarka (tilmaamaha NCCN): kansarka hunguriga iyo esophagogastric. Nooca 2.2019. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/esophageal.pdf. La cusbooneysiiyay May 29, 2019. La helay Sebtember 4, 2019.