Hypothyroidism-ka

Hypothyroidism waa xaalad qanjirka thyroid uusan sameynin hormoon tayroodh ku filan. Xaaladdan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan 'thyroid' oo aan firfircooneyn.

Qanjirka 'thyroid' waa xubin muhiim u ah nidaamka endocrine. Waxay ku taalaa dhinaca hore ee qoorta, wax yar ka sareysa meesha ay qoortaadu ku shiraan. Qanjirka 'Thyroid' wuxuu sameeyaa hormoonno xakameeya sida unug kasta oo jirka ka mid ahi u isticmaalo tamar. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan 'metabolism'.

Hypothyroidism wuxuu ku badan yahay haweenka iyo dadka ka weyn da'da 50.

Sababta ugu badan ee keenta hypothyroidism waa tayroodh. Barar iyo barar ayaa waxyeeleeya unugyada qanjirka 'thyroid'.

Sababaha dhibaatadan waxaa ka mid ah:

• Nidaamka difaaca jirka ee weerara qanjirka thyroid
• Cudurrada faayraska (hargabka caadiga ah) ama infekshannada kale ee neef mareenka ku dhaca
• Uurka (badanaa loo yaqaan 'thyroiditis' umusha)

Sababaha kale ee loo yaqaan 'hypothyroidism' waxaa ka mid ah:

• Daawooyinka qaarkood, sida lithium iyo amiodarone, iyo noocyada qaarkood ee kiimoteraabiga
• Cilladaha dhalashada (dhalashada)
• Daaweynta shucaaca ee qoorta ama maskaxda si loo daaweeyo kansarrada kala duwan
• Iodine-ka shucaaca shucaaca ah ayaa loo isticmaali jiray in lagu daaweeyo qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aad u kacsan
• Qalitaanka qalliinka qayb ama dhammaan qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Sheehan syndrome, xaalad laga yaabo inay ku dhacdo haweeney dhiig bax daran inta lagu guda jiro uurka ama dhalmada waxayna sababtaa burburka qanjirka 'pituitary gland'
• Burooyinka pituitary ama qalliinka pituitary

Calaamadaha hore:

• Saxaro adag ama calool fadhi
• Dareemid qabow (xirashada funaanad markay kuwa kale xirtaan funaanad)
• Daal ama dareen gaabis ah
• Caadooyinka caadada oo culus oo aan caadi ahayn
• Wadajir ama murqo xanuun
• Jilicsan ama maqaar qalalan
• Murugo ama niyad jab
• Timo khafiif ah, jilicsan ama ciddiyaha
• Tabar darrida
• Miisaanka oo kordha

Calaamadaha goor dambe, haddii aan la daaweyn:

• Dhadhanka iyo urta oo yaraaday
• Cabaadis
• Waji cufan, gacmo, iyo cago
• Hadal gaabis ah
• Maqaarka oo isku sii dheereeya
• Khafiifinta sunnayaasha
• Heerkulka jirka oo hooseeya
• Qiyaasta garaaca wadnaha

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed waxaana laga yaabaa inuu ogaado in qanjirkaaga qanjirada uu sii weynaaday. Mararka qaarkood, qanjirka waa cabir caadi ah ama ka yar-caadiga. Imtixaanku wuxuu kaloo muujin karaa:

• Cadaadiska dhiigga diastolic ee sareeya (lambarka labaad)
• Timo jilicsan oo jilicsan
• Waxyaabaha aan fiicnayn ee wajiga
• Maqaar cirro leh ama qallalan, oo laga yaabo inay taabato taabashada
• Dareen-celin aan caadi ahayn (nasasho raagtay)
• Barar gacmaha iyo lugaha ah

Baadhitaanka dhiigga ayaa sidoo kale lagu amrayaa in lagu cabbiro hormoonnada tayroodhkaaga TSH iyo T4.

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad baadho si aad u hubiso:

• Heerarka kolestaroolka
• Tirinta dhiigga oo dhameystiran (CBC)
• Enzymes-ka beerka
• Prolactin
• Sodium
• Cortisol

Daaweyntu waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu beddelo hormoonka tayroodh ee kaa maqan.

Levothyroxine waa daawada ugu badan ee la isticmaalo:

• Waxaa laguu qori doonaa qiyaasta ugu yar ee suurtogalka ah ee yareysa calaamadahaaga oo heerarka hoormoonka dhiiggaaga caadi ku soo celisa.
• Haddii aad qabto cudur wadne ama aad da 'weyn tahay, adeeg bixiyahaagu wuxuu kugu bilaabi karaa qadar aad u yar.
• Inta badan dadka qaba qanjirka 'thyroid' ee aan firfircooneyn waxay u baahan doonaan inay daawadan u qaataan nolosha.
• Levothyroxine badanaa waa kiniin, laakiin dadka qaar oo qaba hypothyroidism aad u daran ayaa marka hore u baahan in lagu daaweeyo isbitaalka levothyroxine-ka xididka la siiya (oo laga siiyo xididka).

Markuu ku bilaabayo daawadaada, daryeel bixiyahaagu wuxuu hubin karaa heerarka hoormoonkaaga 2 ilaa 3 bilood kasta. Intaas kadib, heerarka hoormoonkaaga tayroodh waa in lala socdaa ugu yaraan hal mar sanadkii.

Markaad qaadanaysid daawada tayroodhka, ka taxaddar waxyaabaha soo socda:

• Ha joojin qaadashada daawada, xitaa marka aad ladnaan dareento. Ku sii wad qaadashada sida saxda ah ee adeeg bixiyahaagu kuu qoray.
• Haddii aad beddesho noocyada daawada tayroodh, la socodsii bixiyahaaga. Heerarkaagu waxay u baahan karaan in la hubiyo.
• Waxa aad cunayso waxay beddeli kartaa habka jidhkaagu u nuugo daawada tayroodh. La hadal adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad cunayso waxyaabo badan oo soy ah ama aad ku jirto cunno dufan leh.
• Daawada qanjirka 'thyroid' waxay sida ugu fiican ugu shaqeysaa calool madhan iyo marka la qaato 1 saac ka hor daawooyinka kale. Weydii dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qaadanaysid dawadaada wakhtiga hurdada. Qaadashada wakhtiga sariirta waxay u oggolaan kartaa jirkaaga inuu u nuugo daawada si ka wanaagsan sida uu u qaato maalintii.
• Sug ugu yaraan 4 saacadood ka dib qaadashada hoormoonka tayroodhka ka hor intaadan qaadan kaabisyada faybarka, kaalshiyamka, birta, fiitamiinnada badan, aluminium hydroxide antacids, colestipol, ama daawooyinka xidha xiidmaha.

Intaad qaadaneysid daaweynta beddelka tayroodh, u sheeg daryeel bixiyahaaga haddii aad leedahay wax astaamo ah oo tilmaamaya qiyaastaada inay aad u badan tahay, sida:

• Walaac
• Baabashooyin
• Miisaanka oo yaraada
• Degganaansho la'aan ama gariirid (gariir)
• Dhidid

Xaaladaha badankood, heerka hoormoonka tayroodhku wuxuu noqdaa mid caadi ah daaweyn habboon. Waxaad u badan tahay inaad qaadato daawada hoormoonka tayroodhka inta ka dhiman noloshaada.

Dhibaatada Myxedema (sidoo kale loo yaqaan coma myxedema), oo ah nooca ugu daran ee hypothyroidism, waa dhif. Waxay dhacdaa marka heerarka hoormoonka tayroodhku aad iyo aad u hooseeyo. Dhibaatada daran ee hypothyroid waxaa markaa keena infakshan, jirro, u nugul qabow, ama daawooyinka qaarkood (opiates waa sababo guud) dadka qaba hypothyroidism daran.

Dhibaatada Myxedema waa xaalad caafimaad oo deg deg ah oo ay tahay in lagu daaweeyo isbitaalka. Dadka qaarkiis waxay u baahan karaan oksijiin, caawimaad xagga neefsashada ah (hawo qaadiyaha), beddelaadda dareeraha, iyo kalkaalinta daryeelka degdegga ah.

Calaamadaha iyo astaamaha miyir beelida myxedema waxaa ka mid ah:

• Ka hooseeya heerkulka jidhka
• Neefsashada oo yaraata
• Cadaadis dhiig oo hooseeya
• Sonkorta dhiigga oo hooseysa
• Ka jawaab celin
• Dabeecado aan habboonayn ama aan dabeecad lahayn

Dadka qaba cudurka hypothyroidism ee aan la daaweyn waxay halis ugu jiraan inay:

• Caabuq
• Madhalaysnimo, dhicis, dhalashada ilmo cillad dhalasho leh
• Wadne xanuun sababtoo ah heerarka sare ee kolestaroolka LDL (xun)
• Wadne istaag

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad leedahay astaamo cudurka hypothyroidism.

Haddii lagaa daweynayo hypothyroidism, wac bixiyahaaga haddii:

• Waxaad yeelaysaa xanuun laabta ah ama garaaca wadnaha oo deg deg ah
• Waxaad leedahay infekshan
• Calaamadahaagu way ka sii darayaan ama kuma fiicnaanayaan daaweynta
• Waxaad yeelataa calaamado cusub

Myxedema; Hypothyroidism dadka waaweyn; Qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aan firfircooneyn; Goiter - hypothyroidism; Qanjirka 'thyroid' - hypothyroidism; Hormoonka tayroodhka - hypothyroidism

• Ka saarida qanjirka 'thyroid' - dheecaan

• Qanjirada 'Endocrine'
• Hypothyroidism-ka
• Isku xidhka maskaxda iyo tayroodhka
• Hypothyroidism aasaasiga ah iyo heerka labaad

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism iyo thyroiditis. Gudaha: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds.Williams Buugga Buugga Endocrinology. 14aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 13.

Garber JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, et al. Tilmaamaha tababarka caafimaadka ee hypothyroidism ee dadka qaangaarka ah: oo ay kafaala qaadeen Ururka Mareykanka ee Dhakhaatiirta Endocrinologists iyo Ururka Thyroid American. Imtixaanka Endocr. 2012; 18 (6): 988-1028. PMID: 23246686 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23246686/.

Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, iyo al; Kooxda Thyroid Association ee loo yaqaan 'Thyroid Association Task Force' oo ku saabsan Beddelka Hormone Thyroid. Tilmaamaha lagu daaweynayo hypothyroidism: oo ay soo diyaariyeen kooxda hawsha ee Ururka Thyroid Association ee Mareykanku u leeyahay bedelka hormoonka tayroodhka. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. 2014; 24 (12): 1670-1751. PMID: 25266247 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247/.