Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism waa xaalad qanjirka tayroodhku sameeyo aad u badan hormoonka tayroodhka. Xaaladda badanaa waxaa loogu yeeraa qanjirka 'thyroid' xad-dhaaf ah.

Qanjirka 'thyroid' waa xubin muhiim u ah nidaamka endocrine. Waxay ku taalaa dhinaca hore ee qoorta wax yar ka sareysa meesha ay qoortaadu ku shiraan. Qanjirka ayaa sameeya hormoonnada xakameeya sida unug kasta oo jirka ka mid ahi u isticmaalo tamar. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan 'metabolism'.

Cudurro badan iyo xaalado ayaa sababi kara hyperthyroidism, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Cudurrada qabuuraha (waxa ugu badan ee keena hyperthyroidism)
• Caabuq (tayroodh) tayroodh oo ay ugu wacan tahay infekshannada fayraska ku dhaca, daawooyinka qaarkood, ama uurka ka dib (caadi)
• Qaadashada hormoon tayroodh ah oo badan (caadi ah)
• Kobaca aan caadiga ahayn ee qanjirka 'thyroid' ama 'pituitary gland' (dhif)
• Qaar ka mid ah burooyinka xiniinyaha ama ugxan sidaha (dhif)
• Qaadashada tijaabooyinka sawir-qaadista ee leh dheeh ka duwan oo leh iodine (dhif iyo naadir haddii ay dhibaato ka timaaddo qanjirka 'thyroid')
• Cunida badan ee cuntooyinka ay ku jiraan iodine (aad dhif u ah, waana kaliya hadii dhibaato ka timaado qanjirka tayroodhka)

Calaamadaha caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• Walaac
• Dhibaatooyinka urursiga
• Daal
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa joogtada ah ee saxaro
• Goiter (qanjirka qanjirka 'tayroodh' ama qanjidhada tayroodh)
• Timo lumis
• Gariir gacan
• Dulqaad la’aanta kuleylka
• Rabitaanka cuntada oo kordhay
• Dhidid badan
• Xilliyada caadada ee aan caadiga ahayn ee dumarka
• Isbedelada ciddiyaha (dhumuc ama flaking)
• Dareen
• Wadno garaacid ama wadne garaacis (wadna garaac)
• Degganaansho la'aan
• Dhibaatooyinka hurdada
• Miisaan dhaca (ama miisaanka oo kordha, mararka qaarkood)

Calaamadaha kale ee ku dhici kara cudurkan:

• Kobcinta naasaha ee ragga
• Maqaarka isku dhejinta
• Shuban
• Dareen dareemid markaad gacmaha kor u taagayso
• Dhiig kar
• Indho cuncun ama cuncun leh
• Maqaarka cuncunka
• Lalabbo iyo matag
• Indhaha soo baxa (exophthalmos)
• Maqaarka oo maqaarka ka xumaada ama xoqidda
• Finan maqaarka ah oo ku yaal shiinaha
• Tabar darrida miskaha iyo garbaha

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed. Imtixaanku wuxuu heli karaa waxyaabaha soo socda:

• Cadaadis dhiig oo sareeya (tirada ugu horreysa ee akhriska cadaadiska dhiigga)
• Kordhinta garaaca wadnaha
• Qanjirka 'thyroid' oo weynaaday
• Gacmaha oo la ruxo
• Barar ama barar ku dhaca hareeraha indhaha
• Dareen-celin aad u xoog badan
• Maqaarka, timaha, iyo cidiyaha ayaa isbadala

Baadhitaanka dhiigga ayaa sidoo kale lagu amrayaa in lagu cabbiro hormoonnada tayroodhkaaga TSH, T3, iyo T4.

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad iska baadho dhiig si aad u hubiso:

• Heerarka kolestaroolka
• Gulukooska
• Tijaabooyinka takhasuska gaarka ah ee loo yaqaan 'Thyroid receptor antibody (TRAb)' ama 'Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin' (TSI)

Tijaabinta sawirka qanjirka 'thyroid' sidoo kale waa loo baahan karaa, oo ay ku jiraan:

• Qaadashada iodine shucaaca iyo iskaanka
• Qalabka tayroodhka (dhif)

Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay sababta iyo darnaanta astaamaha.Hyperthyroidism waxaa badanaa lagu daaweeyaa mid ama in ka badan oo soo socda:

• Daawooyinka Antithyroid (propylthiouracil ama methimazole) kuwaas oo yareeya ama xayiraya saameynta hormoonka tayroodh ee dheeraadka ah
• Iodine shucaac leh si loo burburiyo qanjirka 'thyroid' loona joojiyo soosaarka xad-dhaafka ah ee hormoonnada
• Qalliin si looga saaro qanjirka 'thyroid'

Haddii qanjirkaaga qalliinka lagaa saaro ama lagu baabi'iyo iodine-ka shucaaca leh, waa inaad qaadataa kaniiniyada lagu beddelo hormoonka tayroodhka inta ka dhiman noloshaada.

Daawooyinka loo yaqaan 'beta-blockers' ayaa loo qori karaa si loogu daaweeyo astaamaha sida wadnaha oo dhaqso badan, gariir, dhidid, iyo walwal ilaa hyperthyroidism la xakameyn karo.

Hyperthyroidism waa la daaweyn karaa. Sababaha qaarkood ayaa laga yaabaa inay baxaan daaweyn la'aan.

Hyperthyroidism oo uu sababo cudurka Graves badanaa wuu ka sii daraa waqtiga. Waxay leedahay dhibaatooyin badan, qaarkood oo daran oo saameeya tayada nolosha.

Dhibaatada qanjirka 'thyroid' (duufaanta) ayaa si lama filaan ah uga sii dareysa astaamaha hyperthyroidism ee laga yaabo inay ku dhacaan infekshin ama walaac. Qandho, feejignaan hoose, iyo calool xanuun ayaa dhici kara. Dadku waxay u baahan yihiin in lagu daaweeyo cisbitaalka.

Dhibaatooyinka kale ee hyperthyroidism waxaa ka mid ah:

• Dhibaatooyinka wadnaha sida garaaca wadnaha oo dhakhso ah, garaaca wadnaha oo aan caadi ahayn, iyo wadnaha oo istaaga
• Cudurka Osteoporosis
• Cudurka indhaha (aragga laba-laabma, boogaha kiliyaha, aragga oo lumiya)

Dhibaatooyinka la xiriira qalliinka, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Nabarka qoorta
• Xabeebnimo sabab u ah dhaawaca neerfaha sanduuqa codka
• Heerka kaalshiyamka oo hooseeya sababtoo ah waxyeelada qanjirada 'parathyroid' (oo ku taal meel u dhow qanjirka 'thyroid')
• Hypothyroidism (qanjirka 'thyroid')

Isticmaalka tubaakada ayaa ka sii dari kara dhibaatooyinka qaarkood ee hyperthyroidism.

Wac daryeel bixiyahaaga haddii aad leedahay astaamaha hyperthyroidism. Aad qolka xaaladaha deg-degga ah ama wac 911 ama nambarka degdegga ee deegaanka haddii aad leedahay:

• Beddel miyirka
• Dawakhaad
• Wadna garaac dhakhso leh, aan caadi ahayn

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii lagaa daweynayo hyperthyroidism oo aad yeelato calaamadaha qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aan firfircooneyn, oo ay ku jiraan:

• Niyad jab
• Caajisnimo maskaxeed iyo mid jireed
• Miisaanka oo kordha

Thyrotoxicosis; Qanjirka 'Thyroid'; Cudurka Graves - hyperthyroidism; Qanjirka 'thyroid' - hyperthyroidism; Sunta goiter - hyperthyroidism; Qanjidhada qanjirka 'thyroid' - qanjirka 'hyperthyroidism'; Hormoonka tayroodhka - hyperthyroidism

• Ka saarida qanjirka 'thyroid' - dheecaan

• Qanjirada 'Endocrine'
• Goiter
• Isku xidhka maskaxda iyo tayroodhka
• Qanjirka 'thyroid'

Hollenberg A, Wiersinga WM. Ciladaha Hyperthyroid. Gudaha: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Buugga Buugga Endocrinology. 14aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 12.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, iyo al. Tilmaamaha Ururka 'American Thyroid Association' ee loogu talagalay ogaanshaha iyo maaraynta cudurka 'hyperthyroidism' iyo sababaha kale ee loo yaqaan 'thyrotoxicosis'. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. 2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. PMID: 27521067 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521067/.

Wang TS, Sosa JA. Maareynta hyperthyroidism. Gudaha: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Daaweynta Qalliinka ee Hadda. 13aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 767-774.

Weiss RE, Refetoff S. Tijaabinta shaqada qanjirka 'thyroid'. Gudaha: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 78.