Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' - medullary carcinoma

Cudurka 'Medullary carcinoma' ee qanjirka 'thyroid' waa kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' oo ka billowda unugyada sii daayo hormoon loo yaqaan 'calcitonin'. Unugyadaas waxaa loo yaqaan unugyada "C". Qanjirka 'thyroid' wuxuu ku yaalaa gudaha hore ee qoortaada hoose.

Sababta keenta kansarka medullary ee qanjirka 'thyroid' (MTC) lama yaqaan. MTC waa dhif iyo naadir. Waxay ku dhici kartaa carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn.

Si ka duwan noocyada kale ee kansarka tayroodhka, MTC uma badna inuu sababo daaweynta shucaaca qoorta ee la siiyo si loogu daaweeyo kansarrada kale inta lagu jiro carruurnimada.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo MTC ah:

• MTC-goos goos ah, oo aan ku socon qoysaska. MTC-yada badankood waa kuwo goos goos ah. Foomkani wuxuu badanaa ku dhacaa dadka waaweyn.
• HTC dhaxalka, kaas oo ku shaqeeya qoysaska.

Waxaad halis dheeraad ah ugu jirtaa noocan ah kansarka haddii aad isku aragto:

• Taariikh qoys oo MTC ah
• Taariikh qoys oo badan oo ah neoplasia endocrine (MEN)
• Taariikh hore ee pheochromocytoma, mucosal neuromas, hyperparathyroidism ama burooyinka qanjirada 'endocrine pancreatic'

Noocyada kale ee kansarka tayroodhka waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kansarka Anaplastic ee qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Buro follicular ah oo tayroodh ah
• Kansarka 'Papillary carcinoma' ee tayroodhka
• Qanjirka 'Thyroid lymphoma'

MTC badanaa waxay ku bilaabataa sidii buro yar (nodule) qanjirka 'thyroid'. Waxa kale oo jiri kara qanjidhada qanjidhada oo barara qoorta. Natiijo ahaan, astaamaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Barar qoorta ah
• Cabaadis
• Dhibaatooyinka neefsashada oo ay ugu wacan tahay cariiriga marinnada hawada
• Qufac
• Ku qufac dhiig
• Shuban sababo la xiriira heerka calcitonin oo sareeya

Bixiyahaaga daryeelka caafimaad wuxuu sameyn doonaa baaritaan jireed wuxuuna weydiin doonaa astaamahaaga iyo taariikhdaada caafimaad.

Tijaabooyinka loo isticmaali karo in lagu ogaado MTC waxaa ka mid ah:

• Baaritaanka dhiigga ee Calcitonin
• Baaritaanka dhiigga CEA
• Tijaabada hidaha
• Cad ka-qaadista qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Ultrasound ee qanjirka 'thyroid' iyo qanjidhada qanjirada qoorta
• Baadhitaanka PET

Dadka qaba MTC waa in laga hubiyaa burooyinka kale ee qaarkood, gaar ahaan pheochromocytoma iyo burooyinka parathyroid iyo burooyinka parathyroid.

Daaweyntu waxay ku lug leedahay qalliin si looga saaro qanjirka 'thyroid' iyo hareeraha qanjidhada. Sababtoo ah tani waa buro aan caadi ahayn, qalliinka waa inuu sameeyaa dhakhtar qalliin oo aqoon u leh kansarka noocan ah khibradna u leh qalliinka loo baahan yahay.

Daaweyn dheeri ah waxay ku xirnaan doontaa heerarkaaga kalititonin. Sare u kaca heerarka calcitonin ayaa markale muujin kara koritaanka cusub ee kansarka.

• Dawaynta kimikalka iyo shucaacdu si aad ah ugama shaqeeyaan kansarka noocan ah.
• Shucaaca dadka qaar ayaa loo isticmaalaa qalitaanka ka dib.
• Daaweynta cusub ee la bartilmaameedsaday waxay yareyn kartaa koritaanka burooyinka sidoo kale. Bixiyahaaga ayaa waxbadan kaaga sheegi kara kuwan, haddii loo baahdo.

Qaraabada dhow ee dadka laga helay noocyada hidde-wadaha ee MTC waxay halis ugu jiraan kansarkan waana inay kala hadlaan bixiyeyaashooda.

Waad yareyn kartaa diiqada jirrada adoo ku biiraya kooxda taageerta kansarka. La wadaagida dadka kale ee leh khibradaha guud iyo dhibaatooyinka ayaa kaa caawin kara inaadan kali dareemin.

Badanaa dadka qaba MTC waxay ku nool yihiin ugu yaraan 5 sano baaritaanka kadib, waxayna kuxirantahay heerka kansarka. Heerka badbaadada 10-sano waa 65%.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Kansarku wuxuu ku faafaa meelaha kale ee jirka
• Qanjirka 'Parathyroid' ayaa si qalad ah looga saaraa qalliinka

Wac daryeel bixiyahaaga haddii aad leedahay calaamadaha MTC.

Ka-hortaggu suurtagal maahan. Laakiin, inaad ka warqabto arrimahaaga halista ah, gaar ahaan taariikhda qoyskaaga, waxay u oggolaan kartaa ogaanshaha hore iyo daaweynta. Dadka leh taariikh qoys oo aad u xoogan oo ah MTC, ikhtiyaarka ah in laga saaro qanjirka 'thyroid' ayaa lagula talin karaa. Waa inaad si taxaddar leh ugala hadashaa xulashadan takhtar aqoon u leh cudurka.

Qanjirka 'thyroid-medullary carcinoma'; Kansarka - tayroodh (medullary carcinoma); MTC; Qanjirka 'thyroid' - medullary

• Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' - CT scan
• Qanjirka 'thyroid'

Jonklass J, Cooper DS. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 213.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Daaweynta kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' (qaangaarka) (PDQ) - nooca xirfadlaha caafimaadka. www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid/hp/thyroid-treatment-pdq. La cusbooneysiiyay Janaayo 30, 2020. Waxaa la helay Maarso 6, 2020.

Smith PW, Hanks LR, Salomone LJ, Hanks JB. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. Gudaha: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buugga Qalitaanka. 20aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2017: cutubka 36.

Viola D, Elisei R. Maareynta kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid'. Endocrinol Metab Clin Waqooyiga Am. 2019; 48 (1): 285-301. PMID: 30717909 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30717909/.

Wells SA Jr, Asa SL, Dralle H. Revised American Thyroid Association tilmaamaha loogu talagalay maareynta medullary thyroid carcinoma. Qanjirka 'thyroid'. 2015; 25 (6): 567-610. PMID: 25810047 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25810047/.