Noocyada daaweynta kiimikada

Dawaynta kimikalku waa adeegsiga dawo lagu daaweeyo kansarka. Dawaynta kimikalku waxay dishaa unugyada kansarka. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarka, lagana caawiyo inuu faafo, ama yareeyo astaamaha.

Xaaladaha qaarkood, dadka waxaa lagu daaweeyaa hal nooc oo kiimiko ah. Laakiin inta badan, dadku waxay helayaan in kabadan hal nooc oo kemotherabi ah markiiba. Tani waxay ka caawineysaa in lagu weeraro kansarka siyaabo kala duwan.

Daaweynta la bartilmaameedsaday iyo daaweynta difaaca jirka waa daaweyn kale oo kansar oo loo isticmaalo daawo lagu daaweeyo kansarka.

Daaweynta kiimikada ee caadiga ahi waxay ku shaqeysaa iyada oo la dilo unugyada kansarka iyo unugyada caadiga ah qaarkood. Daaweynta la bartilmaameedsaday iyo eber-ka difaaca jirka ee bartilmaameedyada gaarka ah (molecules) gudaha ama unugyada kansarka.

Nooca iyo qiyaasta daawada kemotherabi ee dhakhtarkaagu ku siinayo waxay kuxirantahay waxyaabo badan oo kala duwan, oo ay kamid yihiin

• Nooca kansarka aad qabtid
• Meesha ugu horreysay ee kansarku ka muuqday jirkaaga
• Sidee unugyada kansarku ugu ekaadaan mikroskoob
• Haddii kansarku faafay
• Da'daada iyo caafimaadkaaga guud

Dhammaan unugyada jirka waxay ku koraan iyagoo u kala baxa laba unug, ama u qaybiya. Qaar kale waxay u qaybiyaan si ay u hagaajiyaan dhaawaca jirka. Kansarku wuxuu dhacaa marka wax sababaan unugyada inay kala qaybsamaan oo u koraan xakamaynta. Way sii koraan si ay u sameeyaan tiro unugyo ah, ama buro.

Chemotherapy wuxuu weeraraa unugyada kala qaybiya. Tan macnaheedu waa inay u badan tahay inay disho unugyada kansarka marka loo eego unugyada caadiga ah. Noocyada qaarkood ee kiimoteraabiga ahi waxay waxyeelleeyaan maaddada hidde-side ee ku dhex jirta unugga taas oo u sheegaysa sida loo nuqulo ama loo is-hagaajiyo. Noocyada kale waxay xiraan kiimikooyinka unuggu u baahan yahay inuu qaybiyo.

Qaar ka mid ah unugyada caadiga ah ee jirka ayaa badanaa kala qeybiya, sida timaha iyo unugyada maqaarka. Unugyadan sidoo kale waxaa lagu dili karaa kiimiko. Taasi waa sababta ay u keeni karto waxyeelo sida timo lumis. Laakiin inta badan unugyada caadiga ah way soo kaban karaan ka dib markay daaweyntu dhammaato.

Waxaa jira in kabadan 100 daawooyin kiimiko ah oo kaladuwan. Hoos waxaa ku yaal toddobada nooc ee daaweynta kiimiko, noocyada kansarka ay daaweeyaan, iyo tusaalooyinka. Digniinta waxaa ka mid ah waxyaabo ka duwan noocyada kale ee daaweynta.

WAKIILADA ALKYLATING

Loo adeegsaday in lagu daaweeyo:

• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Cudurka Hodgkin
• Myeloma badan
• Sarcoma
• Maskaxda
• Kansarrada sanbabada, naaska, iyo ugxan sidaha

Tusaalooyin:

• Busulfan (Myleran)
• Cyclophosphamide
• Temozolomide (Temodar)

Digniin:

• Waxaa laga yaabaa inuu waxyeeleeyo dhuuxa lafta, oo u horseedi kara leukemia.

WAQTIGA WAALIDKA

Loo adeegsaday in lagu daaweeyo:

• Leukemia
• Kansarka naasaha, ugxansidaha, iyo marinka mindhicirka

Tusaalooyin:

• 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
• 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
• Capecitabine (Xeloda)
• Gemcitabine

Digniin: Midna

SOO-JOOJINTA DAWLADA

Loo adeegsaday in lagu daaweeyo:

• Noocyo badan oo kansar ah.

Tusaalooyin:

• Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
• Bleomycin
• Daunorubicin (Cerubidine, Rubidomycin)
• Doxorubicin (Adriamycin PFS, Adriamycin RDF)

Digniin:

• Qiyaaso badan ayaa dhaawici kara wadnaha.

XAQIIQOOYINKA SHAQAALAHA

Loo adeegsaday in lagu daaweeyo:

• Leukemia
• Sambabka, ugxansidaha, caloosha, iyo kansarrada kale

Tusaalooyin:

• Etoposide
• Irinotecan (Camptosar)
• Topotecan (Hycamtin)

Digniin:

• Qaarkood waxay ka dhigi karaan qof inay u badan tahay inuu ku dhaco kansar labaad, oo loo yaqaan 'myeloid leukemia daran', gudaha 2 ilaa 3 sano gudahood.

DHAQAALAHA MITOTIC

Loo adeegsaday in lagu daaweeyo:

• Myeloma
• Lymphomas-ka
• Leukemias
• Kansarka naasaha ama sanbabada

Tusaalooyin:

• Docetaxel (Taxotere)
• Eribulin (Halaven)
• Ixabepilone (Ixempra)
• Paclitaxel (Taxol)
• Vinblastine

Digniin:

• Waxay u badan tahay noocyada kale ee kiimoteraabiga ah inay sababaan dhaawac dareemayaasha oo xanuun leh.

Websaydhka Bulshada Kansarka ee Maraykanka. Sidee dawooyinka kemotherabi u shaqeeyaan. www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/chemotherapy/how-chemotherapy-drugs-work.html. La cusbooneysiiyay Noofambar 22, 2019. Waxaa la helay Maarso 20, 2020.

Collins JM. Farmashiista kansarka. Gudaha: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 25.

Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Liiska A ilaa Z ee dawooyinka kansarka. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs.waxaa laga yaaba La helay Nofeembar 11, 2019.

• Daaweynta Chemotherapy