Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma waa nooc aad dhif u ah buro kansar ah oo ka soo baxda unugyada neerfaha. Waxay badanaa ku dhacdaa dhallaanka iyo carruurta.
Neuroblastoma wuxuu ku dhici karaa meelo badan oo jirka ah. Waxay ka soo baxdaa unugyada sameysma nidaamka neerfaha naxariista leh. Tani waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka neerfaha ee xukuma shaqooyinka jirka, sida garaaca wadnaha iyo cadaadiska dhiigga, dheefshiidka, iyo heerarka hormoonnada qaarkood.
Badanaa neuroblastomas waxay ka bilaabmaan caloosha, qanjirka 'adrenal gland', oo ku xigta laf-dhabarka, ama laabta. Neuroblastomas wuxuu ku faafi karaa lafaha. Lafaha waxaa kamid ah kuwa kujira wajiga, dhakada, miskaha, garbaha, gacmaha, iyo lugaha. Wuxuu kaloo ku faafi karaa dhuuxa lafta, beerka, qanjidhada qanjidhada, maqaarka, iyo hareeraha indhaha (orbits).
Sababta burada lama oga. Khubaradu waxay aaminsan yihiin in cillad ku timid hiddo-wadaha ay door ka ciyaari karto. Kala badh burooyinka ayaa jira dhalashada. Neuroblastoma waxaa badanaa lagu ogaadaa carruurta kahor da'da 5 sano. Sannad kasta waxaa jira qiyaastii 700 oo xaaladood oo cusub Maraykanka. Cilladaan ayaa xoogaa ku badan wiilasha.
Dadka badankood, burooyinka ayaa faafay markii ugu horeysay ee la ogaado.
Calaamadaha ugu horeeya badanaa waa qandho, dareen jirro guud (malaise), iyo xanuun. Waxa kale oo jiri kara rabitaanka cuntada, miisaanka oo hoos u dhaca, iyo shuban.
Calaamadaha kale waxay kuxiranyihiin goobta burooyinka, waxaana kamid noqon kara:
- Lafa xanuun ama danqasho (haddii kansarku ku fido lafaha)
- Neefsashada oo dhib ah ama qufac dabadheeraad ah (haddii kansarku ku faafay xabadka)
- Calool weyne (buro weyn ama dheecaan saa'id ah)
- Daadsan, maqaarka cas
- Maqaarka cirro leh iyo midab buluug ah oo ku wareegsan indhaha
- Faa'iido dhidid
- Qiyaasta wadnaha oo deg deg ah (tachycardia)
Dhibaatooyinka nidaamka maskaxda iyo habdhiska dareenka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Awood la'aanta faaruqinta kaadiheysta
- Dhaqdhaqaaqa oo luma (curyaannimo) miskaha, lugaha, ama cagaha (dhinacyada hoose)
- Dhibaatooyinka isku dheelitirka
- Dhaqdhaqaaqa indhaha oo aan la xakamayn karin ama dhaqdhaqaaqa lugaha iyo cagaha (oo loo yaqaan 'opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, ama "indhaha oo qoob ciyaaraya iyo cagaha oo dhaansada")
Bixiyaha daryeelka caafimaadka ayaa baari doona ilmaha. Waxay kuxirantahay goobta buro:
- Waxaa jiri kara buruq ama cufka caloosha.
- Beerka wuu weynaanayaa, haddii buurku ku faafay beerka.
- Waxaa jiri kara cadaadis dhiig oo sareeya iyo garaaca wadnaha oo dhakhso leh haddii burooyinka ay kujiraan qanjirka 'adrenal gland'.
- Qanjidhada qanjidhada ayaa barari kara.
Raajo ama baaritaanno kale oo sawir-qaadis ah ayaa loo sameeyaa si loo ogaado burada ugu weyn (aasaasiga ah) loona arko halka uu ku faafay. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:
- Baadhitaanka lafaha
- Raajo lafta
- Raajo xabadka ah
- CT iskaanka laabta iyo caloosha
- Baadhitaanka MRI ee laabta iyo caloosha
Tijaabooyinka kale ee laga yaabo in la sameeyo waxaa ka mid ah:
- Cad ka-qaadista burada
- Cad ka-qaadista lafaha dhuuxa
- Tirinta dhiigga oo dhameystiran (CBC) oo muujinaya dhiig yaraan ama cillad kale
- Daraasada xinjirowga iyo heerka qulqulka erythrocyte (ESR)
- Tijaabooyinka hormoonka (baaritaanka dhiigga si loo hubiyo heerarka hormoonnada sida catecholamines)
- Skaanka MIBG (baaritaanka sawirka si loo xaqiijiyo jiritaanka neuroblastoma)
- Kaadida 24-saac ee loogu talagalay catecholamines, homovanillic acid (HVA), iyo vanillymandelic acid (VMA)
Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay:
- Goobta burooyinka
- Intee in le’eg iyo halka uu burada ku faafay
- Da’da qofka
Xaaladaha qaarkood, qalliinka keligiis ayaa ku filan. Had iyo jeer, in kastoo, daaweyn kale loo baahan yahay sidoo kale. Daawooyinka Anticancer-ka (kiimoteraabiga) ayaa lagula talin karaa haddii burooyinka ay faafaan.Daaweynta shucaaca sidoo kale waa la isticmaali karaa.
Qiyaasta daaweynta kiimikada ee sarreysa, xubinta unugyada unugyada unugyada unugyada unugyada unugyada loo yaqaan 'autologous transplant cell transplantation', iyo tallaalka difaaca jirka ayaa sidoo kale la isticmaalayaa
Waad yareyn kartaa diiqada jirrada adoo ku biiraya kooxda taageerta kansarka. La wadaagida dadka kale ee leh khibradaha guud iyo dhibaatooyinka ayaa kaa caawin kara adiga iyo ilmahaaguba inaadan kali dareemin.
Natiijadu way kala duwan tahay. Carruurta aadka u yaryar, buro ayaa laga yaabaa inay keligeed iska baxdo, iyada oo aan la daaweyn. Ama, unugyada burooyinka ayaa bislaada oo isu beddela buro aan kansar lahayn (aan fiicnayn) oo loo yaqaan ganglioneuroma, oo qalliin lagaga saari karo. Xaaladaha kale, burada si dhakhso leh ayey u faaftaa.
Jawaabta daaweynta sidoo kale way kala duwan tahay. Daaweyntu badanaa way guuleysataa haddii kansarku uusan faafin. Haddii uu faafay, neuroblastoma way ka adag tahay in la daweeyo. Carruurta yaryari inta badan way ka fiican yihiin carruurta waaweyn.
Carruurta laga daaweeyo neuroblastoma waxay halis ugu jiraan inay ku dhacaan ilbiriqsi labaad, kansar ka duwan mustaqbalka.
Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Faafidda (metastasis) ee burooyinka
- Burburka iyo luminta shaqada xubnaha ku lugta leh
Wac dhakhtarkaaga haddii ilmahaagu qabo calaamadaha neuroblastoma. Ogaanshaha hore iyo daaweynta waxay hagaajineysaa fursadda natiijada wanaagsan.
Kansarka - neuroblastoma
- Neuroblastoma beerka - CT scan
Dome JS, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Spunt SL, Santana VM. Burooyinka adag ee carruurta. Gudaha: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 5aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: cutubka 95.
Websaydhka Machadka Kansarka Qaranka. Daaweynta Neuroblastoma (PDQ) - nooca xirfadeed ee caafimaadka. www.cancer.gov/types/neuroblastoma/hp/neuroblastoma-treatment-pdq. La cusbooneysiiyay Ogosto 17, 2018. La helay Noofambar 12, 2018.