Ardayda kulleejada iyo ifilada

Sannad kasta, hargabku wuxuu ku faafaa dhammaan xarumaha kuleejka waddanka oo dhan. Meelaha dhow ee la deggan yahay, musqulaha la wadaago, iyo waxqabadyo badan oo bulsheed ayaa ka dhigaya arday jaamacadeed inay u badan tahay inuu ku dhaco hargabku.

Maqaalkani wuxuu ku siin doonaa macluumaad ku saabsan hargabka iyo ardayda jaamacadda. Kani badal uma ahan talooyinka caafimaad ee bixiyahaaga daryeelka caafimaadka.

WAA MAXAY CALAAMADAHA IFILADA?

Ardayga kuleejka ee hargabku badanaa wuxuu yeelan doonaa qandho dhan 100 ° F (37.8 ° C) ama ka sareeya, iyo cuna xanuun ama qufac. Calaamadaha kale waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Qabow
• Shuban
• Daal
• Madax xanuun
• Sanka oo dareera
• Murqo xanuun
• Matagid

Badanaa dadka leh astaamo khafiif ah waa inay fiicnaadaan 3 ilaa 4 maalmood gudahood umana baahna inay arkaan daryeel caafimaad.

Ka fogow taabashada dadka kale oo cab cabitaanno badan haddii aad leedahay calaamadaha ifilada.

SIDEE AYAAN UGU DAWEEYAA CALAAMADAHAY?

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) iyo ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) waxay caawiyaan qandhada yar. Ka hubi adeeg bixiyahaaga intaadan qaadan acetaminophen ama ibuprofen haddii aad qabto cudurka beerka.

• Qaado acetaminophen 4tii ilaa 6dii saacadood kasta ama sida laguu faray.
• Qaado ibuprofen 6 ilaa 8dii saacadoodba mar ama sida laguu faray.
• HA isticmaalin asbiriin.

Qandhadu uma baahna inay hoos ugu dhacdo si caadi ah si ay u caawiso. Dadka badankood waxay dareemi doonaan fiicnaan haddii heer kulkoodu hoos u dhaco hal darajo.

Daawooyinka miisaanka lagu iibsado ee miiska laga iibsado ayaa laga yaabaa inay yareeyaan calaamadaha qaarkood. Meelaha cunaha lagu buufiyo ama buufiska lagu buufiyo ee ay ku jiraan suuxdintu waxay kaa caawin doonaan cune xanuun. Ka hubi websaydhka xarunta caafimaadka ardayga wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah.

MAXAA KU SAABSAN DAWOOYINKA MADADAALADA?

Badanaa dadka qaba astaamaha fudud waxay dareemaan fiicnaan 3 ilaa 4 maalmood gudahood umana baahna inay qaataan daawooyinka fayraska looga hortago.

Weydii dhakhtarkaaga haddii daawada fayrasku kugu habboon tahay. Haddii aad leedahay mid ka mid ah xaaladaha caafimaad ee hoose, waxaad halis ugu jirtaa xaalad daran oo hargab ah:

• Cudurka sambabka (oo ay ku jiraan neefta)
• Xaaladaha wadnaha (marka laga reebo dhiig karka)
• Kilyaha, beerka, neerfaha, iyo xaaladaha murqaha
• Cilladaha dhiigga (oo ay ku jiraan cudurka unugyada sickle cell)
• Sonkorowga iyo cilladaha kale ee dheef-shiid kiimikaadka
• Nidaamka difaaca jirka oo daciifa cuduro awgood (sida AIDS), daaweynta shucaaca, ama dawooyinka qaarkood, oo ay kujiraan kemotherabi iyo corticosteroids
• Dhibaatooyinka kale ee caafimaad ee muddada dheer (dabadheeraad ah)

Daawooyinka fayraska ka hortaga sida oseltamivir (Tamiflu), zanamivir (Relenza), iyo baloxavir (Xofluza) waxaa loo qaataa kaniiniyaal ahaan. Peramivir (Rapivab) ayaa loo heli karaa isticmaalka xididka. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah kuwan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo dadka qaarkood oo ifilada qaba. Daawooyinkani waxay si fiican u shaqeeyaan haddii aad bilowdo inaad ku qaadatid muddo 2 maalmood gudahood ah calaamadahaaga ugu horreeya.

Goorma AYAAN KU NOQON KARAA DUGSIGA?

Waa inaad awoodaa inaad ku laabato iskuulka markii aad ladnaaneyso oo aadan xumad qabin 24 saacadood (adigoon qaadan acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ama daawooyin kale si aad u yareeyso qandhadaada).

MIYAAN KA HELAA TALLAALKA IFILADA?

Dadku waa inay qaataan tallaalka xitaa haddii ay horey u qabeen cudur u eg hargab. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC) waxay ku talinayaan in qof walba oo 6 bilood iyo ka weyn uu qaato tallaalka hargabka.

Qaadashada tallaalka hargabka ayaa kaa caawin doonta kahortagga hargabka.

XAGEE KA HELI KARAA TALLAALKA IFILADA?

Tallaalada hargabka ayaa badanaa laga heli karaa xarumaha caafimaadka ee deegaanka, xafiisyada bixiyeyaasha, iyo farmashiyaasha. Weydii xaruntaada caafimaadka ardayga, adeeg bixiyaha, farmashiyaha, ama goobtaada shaqada haddii ay bixiyaan tallaalka hargabka.

SIDEE AYAAN UgaGA TAGAA IN AAN QAADO AMA FAAJIDO IFILADA?

• Joog aqalkaaga, qolka hurdada, ama guriga ugu yaraan 24 saacadood ka dib marka qandhadu kaa tagto. Xiro maaskaro haddii aad ka baxdo qolkaaga.
• Ha la wadaagin cuntada, maacuunta, koobabka, ama dhalooyinka.
• Ku daboolo afkaaga xaashi markaad qufacayso tuur ka dib isticmaalkiisa.
• Ku qufac shaashaddaada haddii aan nuqul la heli karin.
• Sitootada gacmaha lagu nadiifiyo ee aalkolo salka ku haysa. Isticmaal badiyaa inta lagu jiro maalinta iyo had iyo jeer markaad taabato wajigaaga.
• Ha taaban indhahaaga, sankaaga, iyo afkaaga.

Goorma ayaan arkaa dhakhtar?

Ardayda kulleejyada badankood uma baahna inay arkaan adeeg bixiye markay yeeshaan astaamo hargab oo fudud. Tani waa sababta oo ah dadka da'da kuleejka badankood halis uguma jiraan kiis daran.

Haddii aad dareento inaad u baahan tahay adeeg bixiye, wac xafiiska marka hore una sheeg calaamadahaaga. Tani waxay ka caawinaysaa shaqaalaha inay isu diyaariyaan booqashadaada, si aadan jeermiga ugu fidin dadka kale halkaas.

Haddii aad halis dheeraad ah ugu jirto dhibaatooyinka hargabka, la xiriir adeeg bixiyahaaga. Waxyaabaha halista keena waxaa ka mid ah:

• Dhibaatooyinka sambabada ee muddada-dheer (daba-dheeraada) (oo ay ku jiraan neef ama COPD)
• Dhibaatooyinka wadnaha (marka laga reebo dhiig karka)
• Cudurka kilyaha ama hawl gabka (muddada dheer)
• Cudurka beerka (muddada dheer)
• Maskaxda ama cilladda nidaamka neerfaha
• Cilladaha dhiigga (oo ay ku jiraan cudurka unugyada sickle cell)
• Sonkorowga iyo cilladaha kale ee dheef-shiid kiimikaadka
• Nidaamka difaaca jirka oo daciif ah (sida dadka qaba cudurka AIDS-ka, kansarka, ama xubinta xubinta taranka, qaadashada kiimoteraabiga ama daaweynta shucaaca; ama qaadashada kiniiniyada corticosteroid maalin kasta)

Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad la hadasho daryeel bixiyahaaga haddii aad ku hareeraysan tahay kuwa kale oo khatar ugu jira xaalad daran oo hargab ah, oo ay ku jiraan dadka:

• La noolow ama daryeela ilmaha 6 bilood jira ama ka yar
• Ka shaqee goobta daryeelka caafimaadka oo xiriir toos ah lala yeesho bukaanka
• La noolow ama daryeela qof qaba dhibaato caafimaad oo muddo dheer ah (dabadheeraad ah) oo aan laga tallaalin hargabka

Wac dhaqtarkaaga isla markiiba ama aad qolka gurmadka haddii aad leedahay:

• Neefsashada oo ku adkaata, ama neefta oo ku qabata
• Laab xanuun ama calool xanuun
• Dawakhaad lama filaan ah
• Jahwareer, ama dhibaatooyin sababayn
• Matag daran, ama matag aan tagaynin
• Calaamadaha hargabka oo kale ah way fiicnaadaan, laakiin kadib waxay laaban qandho iyo qufac daran

Brenner GM, Stevens CW. Dawooyinka fayraska ka hortaga. Gudaha: Brenner GM, Stevens CW, eds. Brenner iyo Stevens 'Farmashiiste. 5aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 43.

Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka-hortagga Cudurrada. Maxaad ka ogaan lahayd dawooyinka fayraska looga hortago fayraska. www.cdc.gov/flu/treatment/whatyoushould.htm. La cusbooneysiiyay Abriil 22, 2019. La helay July 7, 2019.

Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka-hortagga Cudurrada. Kahortag hargab xilliyeedka. www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/index.html. La cusbooneysiiyay Ogosto 23, 2018. La helay July 7, 2019.

Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka-hortagga Cudurrada. Xaqiiqooyin muhiim ah oo ku saabsan tallaalka ifilada xilliyeed. www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/keyfacts.htm. La cusbooneysiiyay Sebtember 6, 2018. La helay July 7, 2019.

Ison MG, Hayden FG. Hargabka. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 340.