Kalastaroolka sare - carruurta

Kalastarol waa dufan (sidoo kale loo yaqaan lipid) oo jidhku u baahan yahay inuu si sax ah u shaqeeyo. Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo kolestarool ah. Kuwa ugu badan ee laga hadlay waa:

• Wadarta kolestaroolka - dhammaan kolestaroollada la isku daro
• Cufnaanta sare ee lipoprotein (HDL) kolestaroolka - oo loo yaqaanno kolestarool wanaagsan
• Cufnaanta hoose ee lipoprotein (LDL) kolestaroolka - oo loo yaqaanno kolestarool xun

Kalastarool aad u xun ayaa kordhin kara fursadda lagu qaado cudur wadne, istaroog, iyo dhibaatooyin kale.

Maqaalkani wuxuu ku saabsan yahay kolestaroolka sare ee carruurta.

Carruurta badankood ee leh kolestarool badan waxay leeyihiin hal ama in ka badan oo waalid ah oo leh kolestarool sarreeya. Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee keena kalastarolka sare ee caruurta waa:

• Taariikhda qoyska ee kolestaroolka sare
• Miisaan culus ama cayillan
• Cunto aan caafimaad qabin

Xaaladaha caafimaad qaarkood ayaa sidoo kale horseedi kara kolestarool aan caadi ahayn, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• Sonkorowga
• Cudurka kilyaha
• Cudurka beerka
• Qanjirka 'thyroid' qanjirka 'thyroid'

Dhibaatooyin dhowr ah oo loo gudbiyo qoysaska ayaa horseeda heerarka kalastaroolka aan caadiga ahayn iyo heerarka triglyceride. Waxaa ka mid ah:

• Qoyska 'hypercholesterolemia'
• Isku-darka 'hyperlipidemia' ee qoyska
• Qoyska dysbetalipoproteinemia
• Hypertriglyceridemia qoyska

Tijaabada kolestaroolka waxaa loo sameeyaa si loo ogaado kolestaroolka dhiigga sareeya.

Tilmaamaha ka socda Wadnaha Qaranka, Sambabka, iyo Machadka Dhiiggu waxay ku talinayaan in dhammaan carruurta laga baadho kolestaroolka sare:

• Inta udhaxeysa 9 ilaa 11 sano
• Mar labaad inta u dhexeysa da'da 17 iyo 21 sano

Si kastaba ha noqotee, maahan in dhammaan kooxaha khubarada ahi ay ku talinayaan in la baaro dhammaan carruurta oo ay taa beddelkeeda diiradda saaraan baaritaanka carruurta halista sare leh. Sababta kordhinaysa halista ilmaha waxaa ka mid ah:

• Ilmaha waalidkiis waxay leeyihiin wadarta kolestaroolka dhiigga ee 240 mg / dL ama ka sareeya
• Ilmuhu wuxuu leeyahay xubin qoys oo leh taariikh wadno xanuun inta uusan gaarin 55 jir ragga iyo da'da 65 haweenka
• Ilmuhu wuxuu leeyahay arrimo halis ah, sida sonkorow ama dhiig kar
• Ilmuhu wuxuu leeyahay xaalado caafimaad oo gaar ah, sida kelyo xanuun ama cudurka Kawasaki
• Ilmuhu waa cayillan yahay (BMI boqolkiiba 95aad)
• Ilmuhu sigaar buu cabayaa

Bartilmaameedyada guud ee carruurta ayaa ah:

• LDL - In ka yar 110 mg / dL (tirooyinka hoose ayaa ka fiican).
• HDL - In kabadan 45 mg / dL (tirooyin badan ayaa kafiican).
• Wadarta kolestaroolka - In ka yar 170 mg / dL (tirooyinka hoose ayaa ka fiican).
• Triglycerides - Wax ka yar 75 cunug ilaa 9 sano iyo wax ka yar 90 oo loogu tala galay ilmaha da'doodu u dhaxeyso 10 ilaa 19 sano (tirooyinka hoose ayaa ka fiican).

Haddii natiijooyinka kolestaroolka aan caadi ahayn, carruurta sidoo kale waxaa laga yaabaa inay yeeshaan baaritaanno kale sida:

• Tijaabada sonkorta dhiigga (gulukooska) si loo baaro sonkorowga
• Imtixaanada shaqada kilyaha
• Tijaabooyinka shaqada qanjirka 'thyroid' si loo raadiyo qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aan firfircooneyn
• Tijaabooyinka shaqada beerka

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ilmahaaga sidoo kale wuxuu wax ka weydiin karaa wax ku saabsan caafimaadka ama taariikhda qoyska:

• Sonkorowga
• Dhiig kar
• Cayilka
• Caadooyinka cuntada oo liita
• Dhaqdhaqaaq la’aan
• Tubaakada

Sida ugu wanaagsan ee carruurta loogu daaweeyo kolestaroolka sarreeya waa cuntada iyo jimicsiga. Haddii ilmahaagu miisaan culus yahay, luminta miisaanka xad-dhaafka ah ayaa kaa caawin doonta daaweynta kolestaroolka sare. Laakiin waa inaadan xadidin cunnooyinka cunugaaga ilaa bixiyeha cunugaaga uu kula taliyo mooyee. Taabadalkeed, bixi cuntooyin caafimaad leh kuna dhiirrigeli jimicsiga jirka.

Cunto iyo jimicsi

Ka caawi ilmahaaga inuu sameeyo xulasho cunto oo caafimaad leh adoo raacaya tilmaamahan:

• Cun cuntooyinka ay dabiici ahaan ku badan yihiin fiberka iyo dufanka yar, sida miraha isku dhan, miraha, iyo khudradda
• Isticmaal dufanno dufanku ku yar yahay, suugo, iyo dhaymo
• Ka fogow cuntooyinka ay ku badan yihiin dufanka buuxa iyo sonkorta lagu daray
• Isticmaal caano aan dufan lahayn ama caano dufan yar iyo waxyaabaha caanaha laga sameeyo
• Ka fogow cabbitaannada sonkorta leh, sida soodhaha iyo cabitaanka miraha dhadhanka leh
• Cun hilib caato ah iskana ilaali hilibka cas
• Cun kalluun badan

Ku dhiirigeli ilmahaaga inuu firfircoonaado. Carruurta da'doodu tahay 5 sano iyo wixii ka weyn waa inay firfircoonaan yihiin ugu yaraan 1 saac maalintii. Waxyaabaha kale ee aad sameyn karto waxaa ka mid ah:

• Firfircoonow qoys ahaan. Qorshee socodka iyo baaskiil wada raac halkii aad ka ciyaari lahayd ciyaaraha fiidiyowga.
• Ku dhiiri geli ilmahaaga inuu ku biiro iskuulka ama kooxaha isboortiga ee maxalliga ah.
• Yaree waqtiga shaashadda in aan ka badnayn 2 saacadood maalintii.

Tallaabooyinka kale waxaa ka mid ah in carruurta la baro khataraha isticmaalka tubaakada.

• Gurigaaga ka dhig jawi aan sigaar lagu cabi karin.
• Haddii adiga ama lammaanahaagu aad sigaar cabtaan, isku day inaad joojiso. Marnaba sigaar ha ku cabbin agagaaraha ilmahaaga.

DAAWEYNTA DAAWO

Bixiyaha ilmahaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu rabo inuu cunugaaga u qaato daawada kolestaroolka haddii isbedelada qaab nololeedku shaqeyn waayaan. Tan darteed ilmuhu waa inuu:

• Noqo ugu yaraan 10 sano.
• Hayso heer LDL kolestarool ah 190 mg / dL ama ka sareeya ka dib 6 bilood ka dib markaad raacdo cunto caafimaad leh.
• Hayso heer LDL kolestarool ah 160 mg / dL ama ka sareeya oo leh arrimo kale oo khatar ah.
• Hayso taariikhda qoyska ee cudurka wadnaha iyo xididdada.
• Hayso hal ama in ka badan oo sababaha halista ah ee cudurka wadnaha iyo xididdada.

Carruurta leh kolestarool aad u sarreeya ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan inay bilaabaan daawooyinkan kahor da'da 10 jir. Dhakhtarka ilmahaaga ayaa kuu sheegi doona haddii loo baahdo tan.

Waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo daawooyin ah oo ka caawiya hoos u dhigidda heerarka kolestaroolka dhiigga. Daawooyinku waxay u shaqeeyaan siyaabo kala duwan. Statins waa nooc ka mid ah daroogada hoos u dhigta kolestaroolka waxaana la xaqiijiyay inay yareyneyso fursada wadne xanuunka.

Heerarka sare ee kolestaroolka waxay u horseedi karaan adkaanshaha halbowlayaasha, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'atherosclerosis'. Tani waxay dhacdaa marka dufanka, kolestaroolka, iyo walxaha kale ay ka soo baxaan derbiyada halbowlayaasha oo ay samaystaan ​​dhismooyin adag oo loo yaqaan 'plaques'.

Waqti ka dib, dabarradani waxay xannibayaan xididdada dhiigga waxayna sababaan cudurrada wadnaha, istaroogga, iyo calaamadaha kale ama dhibaatooyinka jirka oo dhan.

Dhibaatooyinka loo soo gudbiyo qoysaska badanaa waxay keenaan heerar sare oo kolestarool ah oo ay adag tahay in la xakameeyo.

Xanuunada ku dhaca baruurta - carruurta; Hyperlipoproteinemia - carruurta; Hyperlipidemia - carruurta; Dyslipidemia - carruurta; Hypercholesterolemia - carruurta

Walaalaha JA, Daniels SR. Dadka bukaanka gaarka ah: carruurta iyo dhalinyarada. Gudaha: Ballantyne CM, ed. Lipidology Clinical: Wehel u ah Braunwald Cudurka Wadnaha. 2aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: cutubka 37.

Chen X, Zhou L, Hussain M. Lipids iyo dyslipoproteinemia. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 23aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 17.

Daniels SR, Couch SC. Ciladaha baruurta ee carruurta iyo dhalinyarada. Gudaha: Sperling MA, ed. Cudurka 'Endocrinology' ee carruurta. 5aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: cutubka 25.

Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Cilladaha dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee xaydhka Gudaha: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Caruurta. 21aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 104.

Park MK, Salamat M. Dyslipidemia iyo sababaha kale ee halista wadnaha. Gudaha: Park MK, Salamat M, eds. Park's Wadnaha Wadnaha ee Dhakhaatiirta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: cutubka 33.

Remaley AT, Dayspring TD, Warnick GR. Lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, iyo waxyaalaha kale ee halista wadnaha. Gudaha: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Textbook ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka iyo Cilad-baarista Molecular. 6aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 34.

US Task Force Task Force, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Baadhitaanka cilladaha baruurta ee carruurta iyo qaan-gaarka: Bayaanka Soo-jeedinta Xoogagga Ka-hortagga Adeegyada ee Mareykanka. JAMA. 2016; 316 (6): 625-633. PMID: 27532917 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532917/.