Lopinavir iyo Ritonavir

Qanacsan

• Kahor qaadashada lopinavir iyo ritonavir,
• Lopinavir iyo ritonavir waxay sababi karaan waxyeelo. U sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii mid ka mid ah astaamahani ay daran yihiin ama aanad tagin:
• Dhibaatooyinka qaarkood waxay noqon karaan kuwo halis ah. Haddii aad isku aragto mid ka mid ah astaamaha soo socda, isla markiiba wac dhakhtarkaaga ama aad u hesho daaweyn degdeg ah

Lopinavir iyo ritonavir ayaa hadda lagu baranayaa dhowr daraasadood oo caafimaad oo socda oo loogu talagalay daaweynta cudurka coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) kaligood ama daawooyin kale. Isticmaalka lopinavir iyo ritonavir ee daaweynta COVID-19 wali lama dhisin. Saynisyahanada qaar rajo ayey qabaan maxaa yeelay daawooyinkan waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu daaweeyo infekshanada fayraska la mid ah

Lopinavir iyo ritonavir waa in KELIYA la hoos galiyaa tilmaamaha dhaqtarka si loogu daaweeyo COVID-19.

Isku darka lopinavir iyo ritonavir waxaa loo isticmaalaa daawooyin kale si loogu daaweeyo infekshinka difaaca jirka ee aadanaha (HIV). Lopinavir iyo ritonavir waxay ku jiraan nooc daawo ah oo loo yaqaan 'protease inhibitors'. Waxay ku shaqeeyaan yareynta qadarka HIV ee dhiiga ku jira. Marka lopinavir iyo ritonavir la isla qaato, ritonavir waxay kaloo ka caawisaa kordhinta xaddiga lopinavir ee jirka si daawadu u yeelato saameyn weyn. In kasta oo lopinavir iyo ritonavir ayna dawaynaynin HIV, daawooyinkaan waxay yareyn karaan fursaddaada inaad kuhesho cillad yaraanta cudurada difaaca jirka (AIDS) iyo cudurada la xiriira HIV sida infekshanada halista ah ama kansarka Qaadashada daawooyinkan oo ay weheliso ku-dhaqan galmo badbaado leh iyo is-beddello kale oo qaab nololeed ah ayaa yareyn kara halista gudbinta fayraska HIV ee dadka kale.

Isku darka lopinavir iyo ritonavir wuxuu u yimaadaa kiniin ahaan iyo xalka (dareeraha) afka lagu qaato. Badanaa waxaa la qaataa laba jeer maalintii, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inay qaataan hal jeer maalintii dadka waaweyn qaarkood. Xalka waa in lagu qaataa cuntada. Kiniiniyada waa la qaadan karaa ama ha la cunin. Si taxaddar leh u raac tilmaamaha ku qoran calaamadaha laguu qoray, oo weydii takhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha inuu kuu sharxo qayb kasta oo aadan fahmin. Qaado lopinavir iyo ritonavir sida saxda ee lagu faray. Ha ka qaadin wax ka yar ama ka yar ama u qaado si ka badan inta dhakhtarku kuu qoray.

Kiniiniyada oo dhan liq; ha kala qaybin, calalin, ama burburin.

Haddii aad isticmaaleyso xalka, si fiican u rux kahor intaan la isticmaalin inaad isku darsato daawada si siman. U isticmaal qaaddo cabir qaadasho ama koob ah si aad u cabirto qiyaasta saxda ah ee dareeraha ah ee qiyaas kasta, ha u isticmaalin qaadada caadiga ah ee guriga.

Sii wad qaadashada lopinavir iyo ritonavir xitaa haddii aad ladnaan dareento. Ha u joojin qaadashada lopinavir iyo ritonavir adigoon dhaqtarkaaga la hadlin. Haddii aad seegto qiyaasaha, aad qaadato wax ka yar inta laguu qoray, ama aad joojiso qaadashada lopinavir iyo ritonavir, xaaladdaadu way sii adkaan doontaa in la daweeyo

Daawadan waxaa loo qori karaa adeegsiyo kale; Weydii dhakhtarkaaga ama farmashiistaha wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah.

Kahor qaadashada lopinavir iyo ritonavir,

• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga iyo farmashiistahaaga haddii aad xasaasiyad ku leedahay lopinavir, ritonavir (Norvir), daawooyin kale, ama mid ka mid ah maaddooyinka ku jira lopinavir iyo kiniiniyada ritonavir ama xalka. Weydii farmashiistahaaga liiska waxyaabaha ay ka kooban yihiin.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qaadanayso mid ka mid ah daawooyinka soo socda: alfuzosin (Uroxatral); apalutamide (Erleada); cisapride (Propulsid) (aan laga heli karin Mareykanka); colchicine (Colcrys, Mitigare) ee dadka qaba kelyaha ama cudurka beerka; dronedarone (Multaq); elbasvir iyo grazoprevir (Zepatier); dawooyinka ergot sida dihydroergotamine (DHH 45, Migranal), ergotamine (Ergomar, Cafergot, Migergot), iyo methylergonovine (Methergine); lomitapide (Juxtapid); lovastatin (Altoprev); lurasidone (Latuda); midazolam oo afka laga qaato (Aayad); pimozide (Orap); ranolazine (Ranexa); rifampin (Rimactane, Rifadin, gudaha Rifamate, Rifater); sildenafil (kaliya magaca Revatio ee loo isticmaalo cudurka sanbabada); simvastatin (Zocor, oo ku yaal Vytorin); Johannesört wort; ama triazolam (Halcion). Dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kuu sheegi doonaa inaadan qaadan lopinavir iyo ritonavir haddii aad qaadanaysid mid ama in kabadan oo daawooyinkan ah.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga iyo farmashiistaha waxa kale ee dhakhtar qoro iyo kuwa aan dhakhtar qorin, fiitamiinada, iyo nafaqada nafaqada aad qaadanaysid. Hubso inaad sheegto mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda: daawooyinka xinjirowga lidka ku ah ('khafiifiyeyaasha dhiigga') sida warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) iyo rivaroxaban (Xarelto); antifungals sida itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox), isavuconazonium (Cresemba), ketoconazole (Nizoral), iyo voriconazole (Vfend); atovaquone (Mepron, Malarone); bedaquiline (Sirturo); beta-blockers; bosentan (Tracleer); bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban, kuwa kale); Kaalshiyam-kanaal xanibayaasha sida felodipine, nicardipine (Cardene), iyo nifedipine (Adalat, Afeditab CR, Procardia); daawooyinka kalastarolka yareeya sida atorvastatin (Lipitor, in Caduet), iyo rosuvastatin (Crestor); clarithromycin (Biaxin, gudaha Prevpac); digoxin (Lanoxin); elagolix (Orilissa); fentanyl (Actiq, Duragesic, Onsolis, kuwa kale); fosamprenavir (Lexiva); dawooyinka qaarkood ee kansarka sida abemaciclib (Verzenio), dasatinib (Sprycel), umerafenib (Braftovi), ibrutinib (Imbruvica), ivosidenib (Tibsovo), neratinib (Nerlynx), nilotinib (Tasigna), venetoclax (Venclexine) ; dawooyinka qaarkood ee garaaca wadnaha aan caadiga ahayn sida amiodarone (Cordarone, Nexterone, Pacerone), bepridil (oo aan hadda laga heli karin Maraykanka; Vascor), lidocaine (Lidoderm; in Xylocaine with Epinephrine), iyo quinidine (in Nuedexta); dawooyinka qaarkood ee loo yaqaan 'hepatitis C virus' (HCV) sida boceprevir (Victrelis; oo aan hadda laga helin Mareykanka); glecaprevir iyo pibrentasvir (Mavyret); simeprevir (oo aan hadda laga heli karin Maraykanka; Olysio); sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, iyo voxilaprevir (Sovaldi, Epclusa, Vosevi); iyo paritaprevir, ritonavir, ombitasvir, iyo / ama dasabuvir (Viekira Pak); dawooyinka qaarkood ee suuxdinta sida carbamazepine (Equetro, Tegretol, Teril, kuwa kale), lamotrigine (Lamictal), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek), iyo valproate; daawooyinka xakameynaya nidaamka difaaca jirka sida cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune), sirolimus (Rapamune), iyo tacrolimus (Astagraf, Prograf); methadone (Dolophine, Methadose); steroids afka laga qaato ama la neefsado sida betamethasone, budesonide (Pulmicort), ciclesonide (Alvesco, Omnaris), dexamethasone, fluticasone (Flonase, Flovent, Advair), methylprednisolone (Medrol), mometasone (Dulera). prednisone (Rayos), iyo triamcinolone; daawooyinka kale ee ka hortagga fayraska sida abacavir (Ziagen, Epzicom, Trizivir, kuwa kale); atazanavir (Reyataz, in Evotaz), delavirdine (Rescriptor), efavirenz (Sustiva, in Atripla), indinavir (Crixivan), maraviroc (Selzentry), nelfinavir (Viracept), nevirapine (Viramune), ritonavir (Norv) (Viread, Atripla, Truvada), tipranavir (Aptivus), saquinavir (Invirase), iyo zidovudine (Retrovir, Combivir, Trizivir); quetiapine (Seroquel); rifabutin (Mycobutin); salmeterol (Serevent, Advair); sildenafil (Viagra); tadalafil (Adcirca, Cialis); trazodone; iyo vardenafil (Levitra). Haddii aad qaadaneyso xalka afka, sidoo kale u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qaadanayso disulfiram (Antabuse) ama metronidazole (Flagyl, Nuvessa, Vandazole). Dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo inuu beddelo qiyaasta daawooyinkaaga ama uu si taxaddar leh kuugu ilaaliyo dhibaatooyinka soo raaca.
• haddii aad qaadaneysid dawososin, qaado 1 saac ka hor ama 2 saacadood ka dib markaad cuntada ku qaadato lopinavir iyo ritonavir solution. Haddii aad qaadaneysid kaniiniyada lopinavir iyo ritonavir, waxaad ku qaadan kartaa calool madhan isla waqtiga aad qaadanayso didanosine.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad leedahay ama aad waligaa qaadatay qadar dheeri ah (dhibaato dhif ah oo wadnaha ah oo sababi karta garaaca wadnaha oo aan joogto ahayn, suuxdin, ama geeri lama filaan ah), garaaca wadnaha oo aan joogto ahayn, heer hoose oo ah macdanta dhiigaaga, hemophilia, kolestarool sare triglycerides (baruur) ku jirta dhiiga, ganaca (bararka beeryarada), ama wadnaha ama cudurka beerka.
• waa inaad ogaataa in lopinavir iyo ritonavir ay yareyn karaan waxtarka uur-qaadidda ee hormoonnada (kaniiniyada ka hortagga uurka, balastarro, faraantiyo, ama irbado). Kala hadal dhakhtarkaaga isticmaalka nooc kale oo ah ka hortagga uurka.
• u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad uur leedahay, qorsheyso inaad uur yeelato, ama aad naas nuujiso. Haddii aad uur yeelato inta aad qaadanaysid lopinavir iyo ritonavir, wac dhakhtarkaaga. Waa inaadan naas nuujin haddii aad qabtid HIV ama haddii aad qaadaneyso lopinavir iyo ritonavir.
• waa inaad ogaataa in maaddooyinka qaarkood ee ku jira lopinavir iyo xalka ritonavir ay sababi karaan waxyeelo halis ah oo nafta halis gelinaysa carruurta dhasha ah. Lopinavir iyo xalka afka ee ritonavir waa inaan la siinin dhallaanka sida buuxda u shaqeeya ee ka yar 14 maalmood jir ama dhallaanka dhiciska ah ee ka yar 14 maalmood ee ka soo gudba taariikhda dhalashadooda, illaa uu takhtar u malaynayo inay jirto sabab wanaagsan oo uu ilmuhu si sax ah ugu qaato daawada dhalashada kadib. Haddii dhakhtarka ilmahaagu doorto inuu siiyo ilmahaaga xalka lopinavir iyo ritonavir isla marka uu dhasho, ilmahaaga waxaa si taxaddar leh loola socon doonaa calaamadaha waxyeelada daran. Isla markiiba wac dhakhtarka ilmahaaga haddii ilmahaagu aad u hurdo badan yahay ama isbeddello ku yimaaddo neefsashada inta lagu jiro daweynta ama daaweynta afka ee loo yaqaan 'lopinavir and ritonavir'.
• waa inaad ka warqabtaa in dufanka jirkaagu uu kordhin karo ama u dhaqaaqi karo meelo kala duwan oo jirkaaga ka mid ah, sida dhabarka kore, qoorta ('' buffalo hump ''), naasaha, iyo calooshaada ku wareegsan. Waxaad dareemi kartaa luminta dufanka jirka ee wajiga, lugaha, iyo gacmaha.
• waa inaad ogaataa inaad la kulmi karto hyperglycemia (kordhinta sonkorta dhiiggaaga) inta aad qaadanaysid dawadan, xitaa haddii aadan horey u qabin cudurka macaanka. Isla markiiba u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad isku aragto mid ka mid ah astaamaha soo socda inta aad qaadanaysid lopinavir iyo ritonavir: harraad aad u daran, kaadi badan, gaajo aad u daran, aragga oo xumaada, ama daciifnimo. Aad ayey muhiim u tahay inaad wacdid dhakhtarkaaga isla marka aad isku aragto mid ka mid ah astaamahan, maxaa yeelay sonkorta dhiigga ee sareysa ee aan la daaweyn waxay sababi kartaa xaalad halis ah oo loo yaqaan ketoacidosis. Ketoacidosis wuxuu noqon karaa mid nafta halis geliya haddii aan lagu daaweyn marxaladda hore. Calaamadaha lagu garto ketoacidosis waxaa ka mid ah: af qalalan, lallabbo iyo matag, neefta oo ku qabata, neefta oo urta miraha, iyo miyirka oo yaraada.
• Waa inaad ogaataa inta aad qaadanaysid dawooyinka lagu daaweynayo infekshinka HIV, nidaamkaaga difaaca ayaa laga yaabaa inuu sii xoogeysto oo uu bilaabo inuu la dagaallamo infekshannada kale ee horey ugu jiray jirkaaga. Tani waxay kugu sababi kartaa inaad yeelato calaamadaha infekshannadaas. Haddii aad leedahay calaamado cusub ama ka sii daraya ka dib markii aad bilawday daaweynta lopinavir iyo ritonavir, hubi inaad u sheegto dhakhtarkaaga.

Ilaa dhakhtarkaagu kuu sheego mooyee, sii wad cuntadaada caadiga ah.

Qaado qiyaasta la seegay isla marka aad xasuusatoba. Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii ay ku dhowdahay waqtiga qiyaasta xigta, ka bood qiyaasta la seegay oo sii wad jadwalka daawadaada caadiga ah. Ha qaadan laba-qaadasho si aad uhesho mid kaa dhaafay.

Lopinavir iyo ritonavir waxay sababi karaan waxyeelo. U sheeg dhakhtarkaaga haddii mid ka mid ah astaamahani ay daran yihiin ama aanad tagin:

• daciifnimo
• shuban
• gaaska
• laabjeex
• miisaanka oo yaraada
• madax xanuun
• dhibaato xagga hurdada ama hurdada ah
• murqo xanuun
• kabuubyo, gubasho, ama ruxruxasho gacmaha ama cagaha
• calool xanuun, lallabbo, iyo matag

Dhibaatooyinka qaarkood waxay noqon karaan kuwo halis ah. Haddii aad isku aragto mid ka mid ah astaamaha soo socda, isla markiiba wac dhakhtarkaaga ama aad u hesho daaweyn degdeg ah

• lallabbo
• matagid
• calool xanuun
• daal xad dhaaf ah
• cunto xumo
• xanuun qeybta kore ee midig ee caloosha
• hurdi maqaarka ama indhaha
• maqaarka cuncunka
• dawakhaad
• madax wareer
• miyir beelid
• garaaca wadnaha oo aan joogto ahayn
• finanka
• finan

Lopinavir iyo ritonavir waxay sababi karaan waxyeelo kale. Wac dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad qabtid dhibaatooyin aan caadi ahayn intaad qaadanaysid dawadan.

Haddii aad isku aragto waxyeellooyin daran, adiga ama dhakhtarkaaga ayaa warbixin u diri kara Barnaamijka Ka Warbixinta Dhacdooyinka Xun ee Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka (FDA) (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) ama taleefan ( 1-800-332-1088).

Daawadan ku hay weelka ay soo gashay, si adag u xir, iyo meel aysan carruurtu gaarin. Kiniiniga ku keydi heerkulka qolka oo ka ilaali qoyaanka badan. Waxaa ugu wanaagsan in kiniiniyada lagu hayo weelka ay soo galeen; haddii ay tahay inaad kala soo baxdid weelka, waa inaad ku isticmaashaa 2 toddobaad gudahood. Waxaad ku hayn kartaa xalka afka afka qaboojiyaha ilaa taariikhda uu dhacayo ee lagu daabacay calaamada, ama waxaad ku keydin kartaa heerkulka qolka ilaa 2 bilood.

Waa muhiim inaad ka ilaaliso dhammaan daawooyinka meel aan la arkeynin oo aysan gaari karin carruurta maaddaama weelal badan (sida kuwa toddobaadlaha kiniiniga ka fiirsada iyo kuwa loogu talagalay dhibcaha isha, kareemada, dhejiyeyaasha, iyo kuwa neefta ku siiya) uma adkeysana carruurta, carruurta yaryarna si fudud ayey ku furi karaan. Si aad uga ilaaliso carruurta yaryar sunta, marwalba xiro daboolka badbaadada isla markaana isla markiiba dhig dawada meel aamin ah - mid kor iyo fog kana fog aragooda oo gaadha. http://www.upandaway.org

Daawooyinka aan loo baahnayn waa in lagu tuuraa siyaabo gaar ah si loo hubiyo in xayawaanka, carruurta, iyo dadka kaleba aysan cuni karin. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waa inaadan ku daadinin daawadan musqusha hoosteeda. Taabadalkeed, sida ugufiican ee dawada looga takhalusi karaa waa iyada oo loo maro barnaamijka dib u celinta daawada. La hadal farmashiistahaaga ama la xiriir waaxda qashinka / dib u warshadaynta si aad wax uga ogaato barnaamijyada dib-u-celinta ee bulshadaada. Ka eeg bogga internetka ee 'FDA ee Amni-Qaadashada Daawooyinka (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) si aad u hesho macluumaad dheeraad ah haddii aadan marin u helin barnaamijka dib-u-celinta.

Xaalada xad dhaafka ah, wac khadka caawinta ka hortagga sunta 1-800-222-1222. Macluumaadka sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa internetka https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Haddii dhibbanuhu burburay, suuxdin qabtay, neefsashadu dhib ku tahay, ama aan la kici karin, isla markiiba wac adeegyada gurmadka ee 911.

Waxay si gaar ah muhiim u tahay in la helo caawimaad caafimaad isla markaaba haddii ilmuhu cabbo wax ka badan qiyaasta caadiga ah ee xalka. Xalku wuxuu ka koobanyahay qamri aad u tiro badan iyo waxyaabo kale oo waxyeelo weyn u keeni kara ilmaha.

Dhammaan ballamaha la dhig dhakhtarkaaga iyo shaybaarka. Dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu amri doonaa tijaabooyinka shaybaarka qaarkood si loo hubiyo jawaabta jirkaaga ee lopinavir iyo ritonavir.

Ha u ogolaan qof kale inuu qaato daawadaada. Weydii farmashiistahaaga wixii su'aalo ah ee aad ka qabto dib u soo celinta daawada laguu qoray.

Waxaa muhiim kuu ah inaad haysato liis qoran oo ku saabsan dhammaan daawooyinka laguu qoro iyo kuwa aan dhakhtar qorin (warqad dhakhtar la aan ah) ee aad qaadanaysid, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saar kasta sida fiitamiinnada, macdanta, ama nafaqooyinka kale ee nafaqada leh. Waa inaad soo qaadataa liiskan markasta oo aad booqato dhakhtar ama haddii isbitaal la dhigo. Sidoo kale waa macluumaad muhiim ah inaad lasocoto haddii ay jiraan xaalado deg deg ah.

• Kaletra^® (ay ku jiraan Lopinavir, Ritonavir)