Waa maxay Pancytopenia, astaamaha iyo sababaha ugu waaweyn

Qanacsan

• Calaamadaha ugu waaweyn
• Sababaha pancytopenia
• Sidee lagu gartaa
• Sida daaweynta loo sameeyo

Pancytopenia waxay u dhigantaa hoos u dhaca dhamaan unugyada dhiiga, taasi waa, waa hoos u dhaca tirada unugyada dhiiga gaduudan, leukocytes iyo platelets, taas oo keenta astaamo iyo astaamo sida barar, daal, nabar, dhiig bax, qandho iyo u janjeerida cudurada.

Way soo bixi kartaa ama hoos udhaca soosaarka unugyada dhuuxa lafta, sababtoo ah xaaladaha sida fitamiin yaraanta, cudurada hidaha, leukemia ama leishmaniasis, iyo sidoo kale burburin unugyada dhiiga ee dhiiga, difaaca jirka ama kicinta cudurrada ficil-celinta ee beeryarada, tusaale ahaan.

Daaweynta pancytopenia waa in loo sameeyaa iyadoo loo raacayo tilmaamaha dhaqtarka guud ama dhakhtarka hematologist sida ku cad sababaha pancytopenia, oo ay ku jiri karaan isticmaalka corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, antibiyootiko, dhiig lagu shubo, ama ka saarida beeryarada, tusaale ahaan waxaa lagu muujiyaa oo keliya iyadoo loo eegayo baahida bukaan kasta.

Calaamadaha ugu waaweyn

Calaamadaha iyo astaamaha cudurka 'pancytopenia' waxay la xiriiraan yareynta unugyada dhiigga cas, leukocytes iyo platelet-ka dhiigga ku jira, kuwa ugu waaweynna waa:

Waxay kuxirantahay kiiska, sidoo kale waxaa jiri kara astaamo iyo astaamo ka dhasha cudurka sababa pancytopenia, sida caloosha oo la balaariyay sababo la xiriira beerka oo weynaaday, qanjidhada balaaran, cilladaha lafaha ama isbadalada maqaarka, tusaale ahaan.

Sababaha pancytopenia

Pancytopenia waxay ku dhici kartaa laba xaaladood awgood: marka dhuuxa lafta uusan si sax ah u soo saarin unugyada dhiiga ama marka dhuuxa lafta si sax ah u soo saaro laakiin unugyada ayaa lagu baabi'iyaa socodka dhiiga. Sababaha ugu weyn ee keena pancytopenia waa:

• Isticmaalka daroogada sunta ah, sida qaar ka mid ah antibiyootikada, kiimoteraabiga, daawada murugada, dawooyinka lidka ku ah dawooyinka lidka ku ah iyo dawooyinka dajiya;
• Saamaynta shucaaca ama walxaha kiimikada, sida benzene ama DDT, tusaale ahaan;
• Yaraanta fiitamiin B12 ama folic acid cuntada;
• Cudurada hidaha, sida dhiig yaraanta Fanconi, dyskeratosis ku dhasha ama cudurka Gaucher;
• Ciladaha dhuuxa lafta, sida cudurka myelodysplastic syndrome, myelofibrosis ama nocturnal paroxysmal hemoglobinuria;
• Cudurada iswada, sida lupus, Sjögren's syndrome ama autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome;
• Cudurada faafa, sida leishmaniasis, brucellosis, qaaxada ama HIV;
• Kansarka, sida leukemia, myeloma badan, myelofibrosis ama metastasis noocyada kale ee kansarka ilaa dhuuxa lafta.
• Cudurada kiciya waxqabadka beeryarada iyo unugyada difaaca jirka si loo burburiyo unugyada dhiiga, sida beerka cirrhosis, cudurada myeloproliferative iyo hemophagocytic syndromes.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, cudurada faafa ee degdega ah ee ay keenaan bakteeriyada ama fayrasyada, sida cytomegalovirus (CMV), waxay kicin karaan fal-celin xoog leh oo xagga jirka ah, taasoo karti u leh inay ku burburiso unugyada dhiigga qaab ba'an inta lagu guda jiro cudurka.

Sidee lagu gartaa

Baadhista cudurka 'pancytopenia' waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo tirinta dhiigga oo dhammaystiran, kaas oo lagu hubiyo heerarka unugyada dhiigga cas, leukocytes iyo platelets-ka dhiigga ku yar ee dhiigga ku jira. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sidoo kale waa muhiim in la aqoonsado sababta keentay pancytopenia, taas oo ay tahay in lagu sameeyo qiimeynta dhaqtarka guud ama dhakhtarka hematologist iyada oo loo marayo u kuurgalida taariikhda caafimaad iyo baaritaanka jireed ee lagu sameeyay bukaanka. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, baaritaano kale ayaa lagula talin karaa si loo ogaado sababta keentay cudurka pancytopenia, sida:

• Serum iron, ferritin, satrination satritin iyo reticulocyte;
• Qiyaasta fitamiin B12 iyo folic acid;
• Cilmi baarista infekshinka;
• Astaanta xinjirowga dhiigga;
• Tijaabooyinka Immunological, sida tooska loo yaqaan 'Coombs';
• Myelogram, kaas oo dhuuxa lafta loo hiigsanayo inuu helo macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan astaamaha unugyada ku yaal meeshan. Hubi sida loo sameeyo myelogram-ka iyo goorta la tilmaamayo;
• Cad ka-qaadista lafaha dhuuxa, oo qiimeeya astaamaha unugyada, joogitaanka infakshannada kansarka ama cudurrada kale iyo fibrosis. Soo ogow sida loo sameeyo baaritaanka dheecaanka dhuuxa lafta iyo waxa loogu talagalay.

Tijaabooyin gaar ah ayaa sidoo kale lagu dalban karaa cudurka uu dhaqtarku ka shakiyo, sida tallaalka difaaca jirka ee 'myeloma' ama dhaqanka dhuuxa lafta si loo ogaado infekshannada, sida leishmaniasis, tusaale ahaan.

Sida daaweynta loo sameeyo

Daaweynta pancytopenia waxaa hagaya dhakhtarka cilmiga dhiigga iyadoo loo eegayo sababteeda, waxaana ku jiri kara isticmaalka daroogooyinka wax ka qabta xasaanadda, sida Methylprednisolone ama Prednisone, ama difaaca jirka, sida Cyclosporine, marka laga hadlayo isdifaaca jirka ama cudurrada caabuqa. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, haddii pancytopenia ay sabab u tahay kansarka, daaweyntu waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa beerista dhuuxa lafta.

Xaalada infakshanka, daaweyn gaar ah ayaa lagu muujiyaa sheybaar walboo kasta, sida antibayootikada, antiviral ama antimonials pentavalent kiiska leishmaniasis, tusaale ahaan. Ku shubista dhiigga had iyo jeer lama tilmaamo, laakiin waxay u baahnaan kartaa xaaladaha daran ee u baahan soo kabashada degdegga ah, iyadoo kuxiran sababta.