Idiopathic sambabka fibrosis

Cudurka sanka ee loo yaqaan 'Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis' (IPF) waa mid nabarro ku yeelanaya ama isku dhimaya sambabaha iyadoo aan la ogeyn sababta keentay.

Bixiyeyaasha daryeelka caafimaad ma yaqaanaan waxa sababa IPF ama sababta dadka qaar ay u horumariyaan. Idiopathic macnaheedu waa sababta lama yaqaan. Xaaladda waxaa laga yaabaa inay ugu wacan tahay sambabaha oo ka jawaabaya walax ama dhaawac aan la garanayn. Hidda-wadayaasha ayaa door ka ciyaari kara horumarinta IPF. Cudurku wuxuu badanaa ku dhacaa dadka u dhexeeya 60 iyo 70 sano jir. IPF waxay ku badan tahay ragga marka loo eego dumarka.

Markaad leedahay IPF, sambabadaadu way nabar yeelanayaan wayna adkaanayaan. Tani waxay kugu adkeyneysaa inaad neefsato. Dadka badankood, IPF si dhakhso leh ayey uga sii xumaataa bilo ama dhawr sano. Kuwa kale, IPF way kasii daraysaa waqti aad u dheer.

Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Laab xanuun (mararka qaarkood)
• Qufac (badanaa qalalan)
• Aan awoodin inaan sidii hore u firfircoonaano
• Neefsashada oo gaabisa inta lagu gudajiro waxqabadka (astaamahani waxay soconayaan bilo ama sannado, waqti ka dib sidoo kale way dhici kartaa marka la nasto)
• Dareen dareemid
• Miisaan tartiib tartiib ah

Bixiyaha ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed wuxuuna weydiin doonaa taariikhdaada caafimaad. Waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa inaad soo gaadhay asbestos ama suno kale iyo inaad sigaar cabaye.

Baaritaanka jirka waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ogaado inaad leedahay:

• Neef aan caadi aheyn oo loo yaqaan crackles
• Maqaarka buluuga ah (cyanosis) ee ku wareegsan afka ama ciddiyaha oo ay ugu wacan tahay oksijiin yar (oo leh cudur horumarsan)
• Ballaarinta iyo qallooca saldhigyada ciddiyaha, oo loo yaqaan 'clubbing' (oo leh cudur horumarsan)

Tijaabooyinka caawiya baaritaanka IPF waxaa ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Bronchoscopy
• Baaritaanka CT-ga ee xallinta sare (HRCT)
• Raajo xabadka ah
• Echocardiogram
• Cabbiraadaha heerka ogsijiinta dhiigga (gaasaska dhiigga ee xididdada dhiigga)
• Imtixaanada shaqada ee sambabada
• Tijaabada socodka 6-daqiiqo ah
• Tijaabooyinka cudurada isdifaaca jirka sida rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, ama scleroderma
• Sambabka oo furan (qalliin) oo ah sambabis

Ma jiro daawo la yaqaan oo loo yaqaan IPF.

Daaweyntu waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu yareeyo calaamadaha iyo yareynta horumarka cudurka:

• Pirfenidone (Esbriet) iyo nintedanib (Ofev) waa laba daawo oo daweeya IPF. Waxay kaa caawin karaan gaabiska dhaawaca sambabada.
• Dadka leh heerarka oksijiinta dhiigoodu hooseeyo waxay u baahan doonaan taageerada oksijiinta ee guriga.
• Baxnaaninta sanbabada ma daaweyn doonto cudurka, laakiin waxay ka caawin kartaa dadka jimicsiga dhib yar oo xagga neefsashada ah.

Isbedelka guryaha iyo qaab nololeedka ayaa kaa caawin kara maaraynta calaamadaha neefsashada. Haddii adiga ama qof qoyskaaga ka mid ahi sigaar cabbo, hadda waa waqtigii la joojin lahaa.

Qalitaanka sambabka ayaa laga yaabaa in loo tixgeliyo dadka qaarkood ee qaba IPF horumarsan.

Waad yareyn kartaa walaaca jirrada adoo ku biiraya koox taageero ah. La wadaagida dadka kale ee leh khibradaha guud iyo dhibaatooyinka ayaa kaa caawin kara inaadan kali dareemin.

Macluumaad dheeraad ah iyo taageero loogu talagalay dadka qaba IPF iyo qoysaskooda waxaa laga heli karaa:

• Aasaaska Fibrosis Pulmonary - www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org/life-with-pf/support-groups
• Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka - www.lung.org/support-and-community/

IPF waxaa laga yaabaa inay horumariso ama xasilloonaato muddo dheer daaweyn ama daaweyn la'aan. Dadka badankood way sii xumaadaan, xitaa haddii la daaweeyo.

Marka astaamaha neefsigu noqdaan kuwo aad u daran, adiga iyo daryeel bixiyahaagu waa inaad ka wada hadashaan daaweynta sii dheereyneysa nolosha, sida ku-tallaalida sambabka. Sidoo kale kala hadal qorshaynta daryeelka hore.

Dhibaatooyinka IPF waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Heerarka aan caadiga ahayn ee unugyada dhiigga cas oo ay ugu wacan tahay heerarka oksijiinta dhiigga oo hooseeya
• Sambabka oo xumaaday
• Cadaadiska dhiig karka ee halbowlayaasha sanbabada
• Neefsashada oo xumaata
• Cor pulmonale (wadnaha oo midig u janjeera)
• Dhimasho

Wac dhaqtarkaaga isla markiiba haddii aad leedahay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Neefsashada oo ka dhib badan, dhaqso badan, ama qoto-dheer (ma awoodid inaad neef dheer qaadatid)
• Si aad horey ugu tiirsato marka aad fadhidid si raaxo leh u neefso
• Madax xanuun joogto ah
• Hurdo ama jahwareer
• Qandho
• Xabka madow markaad qufacdo
• Faraha buluugga ah ama maqaarka ku wareegsan ciddiyahaaga

Idiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis; Cudurka maskaxda ee loo yaqaan 'Idiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis' IPF; Fibroowga sambabada; Cudurka 'Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis'; CFA; Fibrosing alveolitis; Cudurka oof-wareenka joogtada ah ee caadiga ah; UIP

• Isticmaalka oksijiinta guriga

• Isboortiga
• Naadiga
• Nidaamka neefsashada

Websaydhka Machadka Wadnaha, Sambabka, iyo Dhiigga. Idiopathic sambabka fibrosis. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis.html La helay Janaayo 13, 2020.

Raghu G, Martinez FJ. Cudurka sanbabada ee dhexda. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 86.

Raghu G, Rochwerg B, Zhang Y, et al. Tilmaamaha rasmiga ah ee daaweynta caafimaad ee ATS / ERS / JRS / ALAT: daaweynta cirridka sanbabada ee loo yaqaan 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis'. Cusbooneysiin ku saabsan tilmaamaha tababarka bukaan-socodka ee 2011. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015; 192 (2): e3-e19. PMID: 26177183 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26177183/.

Ryu JH, Selman M, Colby TV, King TE. Oof-wareenka is-dhexgalka ah ee is-dhex-dhexaadka ah. Gudaha: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray iyo Nadel Buugga Buugga Caafimaadka Neefsashada. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 63.

Silhan LL, Danoff SK. Daaweynta aan dawada lahayn ee loo yaqaan 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis'. Gudaha: Collard HR, Richeldi L, eds. Cudurka Sambabka Interstitial. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 5.