Dhiig-xannuun (Thrombocytopenia)

Thrombocytopenia waa cillad kasta oo ay ku jirto qaddar aan caadi ahayn oo ah platelet. Dhiig-xinjiraha waa qaybo ka mid ah dhiigga oo dhiigga ka caawiya xinjirowga. Xaaladdaani waxay mararka qaarkood la xiriirtaa dhiig bax aan caadi ahayn.

Thrombocytopenia badanaa waxaa loo qaybiyaa 3 sababaha ugu waaweyn ee xinjirooyinka hooseeya:

1. Ma ahan in platelets ku filan laga sameeyo dhuuxa lafta
2. Kordhinta burburka unugyada dhiigga ee dhiigga
3. Kordhinta burburka unugyada 'platelet' ee beeryarada ama beerka

Dhuuxa laftaadu ma sameyn karo platelet kugu filan haddii aad leedahay mid ka mid ah xaaladaha soo socda:

• Cudurka 'Aplastic anemia' (cillad aan laf-dhabarta ka dhigin unugyo dhiig oo ku filan)
• Kansarka ku jira dhuuxa lafta, sida leukemia
• Cirrhosis (nabar nabar beerka)
• Yaraanta Folate
• Caabuqyada ku dhaca dhuuxa lafta (aad dhif u ah)
• Cudurka 'Myelodysplastic syndrome' (dhuuxa lafta ma sameeyo unugyo dhiig oo ku filan ama wuxuu sameeyaa unugyo cilladaysan)
• Fitamiin B12 yaraanta

Isticmaalka daroogooyinka qaarkood waxay sidoo kale horseedi kartaa soosaarid yar oo ka mid ah unugyada dhiig-karka ee lafaha dhuuxa. Tusaalaha ugu caansan waa daaweynta kemotherabi.

Xaaladaha caafimaad ee soo socdaa waxay sababaan burburka sii kordhaya ee xinjirooyinka:

• Cillad ay borotiinnada xakameynaya xinjirowga dhiiggu noqdaan kuwo firfircoon, inta badan inta lagu jiro jirro daran (DIC)
• Tirada unugyada platelet-ka ee daroogada ay sababto
• Beerka oo weynaaday
• Cillad uu habka difaaca jirka u burburiyo platelet (ITP)
• Cillad sababa xinjirowga dhiigga inuu ku sameysmo xididdada dhiigga ee yar yar, taasoo keenta tiro yar oo ah ka-beddelka qanjirka 'platelet count' (TTP)

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan lahayn wax calaamado ah. Ama waxaad yeelan kartaa calaamado guud, sida:

• Dhiig bax afka iyo ciridka
• Dhaawac
• Sanka sanka ka baxa
• Firiiric (tilmaam dhibco casaan ah oo la yiraahdo petechiae)

Calaamadaha kale waxay kuxiran yihiin sababta.

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed wuxuuna weydiin doonaa taariikhdaada caafimaad iyo astaamahaaga. Tijaabooyinka soo socda waa la samayn karaa:

• Tirinta dhiigga oo dhameystiran (CBC)
• Tijaabooyinka xinjirowga dhiigga (PTT iyo PT)

Tijaabooyinka kale ee laga yaabo inay gacan ka geystaan ​​baaritaanka xaaladan waxaa ka mid ah himilada dhuuxa lafta ama biopsy.

Daaweyntu waxay kuxirantahay sababta xaalada. Mararka qaarkooda, dhiig shubis ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo joojiyo ama looga hortago dhiigbaxa.

Natiijadu waxay kuxirantahay ciladda keeneysa tirinta qanjirka 'platelet'.

Dhiigbax daran (dhiig-bax) ayaa ah dhibaatada ugu weyn. Dhiigbax wuxuu ku dhici karaa maskaxda ama mareenka caloosha.

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad isku aragto dhiig bax ama nabar aan macnayn.

Ka-hortagga waxay kuxirantahay sababta gaarka ah.

Tirada platelet-ka yar - thrombocytopenia

Abrams CS. Xinjirowga dhiigga. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 163.

Arnold DM, Zeller MP, Smith JW, Nazy I. Cudurada nambarka platelet: thrombocytopenia difaaca jirka, dhalashada alloommune thrombocytopenia, iyo postpransfusion purpura. Gudaha: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Mabaadi'da Aasaasiga ah iyo Tababarka. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 131.

Warkentin TE. Thrombocytopenia oo ay sababto burburka platelet, hypersplenism, ama hemodilution. Gudaha: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Mabaadi'da Aasaasiga ah iyo Tababarka. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 132.