Maskaxda baarista walamadka

Baaritaanka walamadka ee loo yaqaan Virtual colonoscopy (VC) waa baaritaan sawir ama raajo ah oo lagu baadho kansarka, burooyinka, ama cudur kale oo ku dhaca mindhicirka weyn (xiidanka). Magaca caafimaad ee baaritaankaan waa CT colonography.

VC way ka duwan tahay baarista walamadka ee joogtada ah. Mindhicirka joogtada ah ee loo yaqaan 'colonoscopy' wuxuu adeegsadaa aalad iftiin dheer leh oo la yiraahdo colonoscope oo la geliyo malawadka iyo xiidmaha waaweyn.

VC waxaa lagu sameeyaa qaybta shucaaca ee isbitaal ama xarun caafimaad. Looma baahna dajin dejiye iyo baarista walamadka.

Imtixaanka waxaa loo sameeyaa sida soo socota:

• Waxaad u jiifsaneysaa dhankaaga bidix miis ciriiri ah oo ku xiran mashiinka MRI ama CT.
• Jilbahaaga ayaa loo jiiday xagga laabta.
• Tuubo yar oo jilicsan ayaa la gelinayaa malawadka. Hawo ayaa laga soo miiraa tuubada si xiidku u weynaado oo u fududaado in la arko.
• Kadib waxaad ku seexan doontaa dhabarkaaga.
• Jadwalka wuxuu ku siqayaa tunnel weyn oo ku jira mashiinka CT ama MRI. Raajooyin malawadkaaga ah ayaa lagaa qaadayaa.
• Raajo ayaa sidoo kale lagaa qaadayaa inta aad caloosha jiifsaneyso.
• Waa inaad aamusnaataa inta lagu jiro howshan, maxaa yeelay dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu kicin karaa raajada. Waxaa lagaa codsan karaa inaad si kooban u neefsato inta raajo kasta lagaa qaadayo.

Kumbuyuutar ayaa isku daraya dhammaan sawirada si uu u sameeyo sawirro saddex-geesood ah oo xiidanka ah. Dhakhtarku wuxuu ka daawan karaa sawirrada kormeeraha fiidiyowga.

Xiidmahaagu waxay u baahan yihiin inay gebi ahaanba madhan yihiin oo nadiif u yihiin baaritaanka. Dhibaato ku jirta xiidmahaaga weyn ee u baahan in la daweeyo ayaa laga yaabaa inay seegto haddii mindhiciradaada aan la nadiifin.

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga ayaa ku siin doona talaabooyinka nadiifinta mindhicirkaaga. Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa diyaarinta caloosha. Talaabooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Isticmaalka enemas
• Inaadan cunin cunnooyinka adag ilaa 1 illaa 3 maalmood baaritaanka ka hor
• Qaadashada dawooyinka caloosha jilciya

Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad cabto cabitaanno fara badan 1 ilaa 3 maalmood baaritaanka ka hor. Tusaalooyinka dareerayaasha cad waa:

• Kafee ama shaah nadiif ah
• Bouillon-ka aan dufanka lahayn ama maraq
• Gelatin
• Cabitaanada isboortiga
• Casiirka miraha
• Biyaha

Sii wad inaad qaadato daawooyinkaaga illaa dhakhtarkaagu kuu sheego haddii kale.

Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad weydiiso adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad joojiso qaadashada kiniinnada birta ah ama cabitaannada dhowr maalmood baaritaanka ka hor, haddii uusan daryeel-bixiyahaagu kuu sheegin inay caadi tahay in la sii wado mooyee. Birtu waxay ka dhigi kartaa saxaradaada mid madow. Tani waxay ku adkeyneysaa dhakhtarka inuu eego gudaha mindhicirkaaga.

Sawirada CT iyo MRI aad ayey ugu nugul yihiin biraha. Ha xidhin dahabka maalinta baaritaankaaga. Waxaa lagaa codsan doonaa inaad dharkaaga waddada ka beddesho oo aad xirato goonnada isbitaalka si hawshu kuugu socoto.

Raajooyinku xanuun ma leh. Ku shubista hawada xiidanka waxay sababi kartaa casiraad ama xanuun gaas ah.

Imtixaanka ka dib:

• Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad dareentid caloolxumo oo aad yeelato casiraad caloosha oo fudud oo aad gaas badan dhaafto.
• Waa inaad awoodid inaad ku noqotid howlihiina caadiga.

VC waxaa loo samayn karaa sababahan soo socda:

• La soco kansarka mindhicirka ama burooyinka
• Xanuun caloosha ah, isbeddelada saxarada, ama miisaanka oo yaraada
• Dhiig yarida awgeed birta oo hooseysa awgeed
• Dhiig saxarada ku jira ama madow, saxarada oo daaha
• Baaritaanka kansarka xiidanka ama malawadka (waa in la sameeyaa 5tii sanoba mar)

Waxaa laga yaabaa in dhakhtarkaagu doonayo inuu sameeyo baarista walamadka ee joogtada ah halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd VC. Sababta ayaa ah in VC uusan u ogolaanin dhaqtarka inuu soo saaro shaybaarka unugyada ama burooyinka.

Mararka kale, VC ayaa la sameeyaa haddii dhakhtarkaagu awoodi kari waayey inuu u dhaqaajiyo tuubbada jilicsan dhammaan illaa xiidanka inta lagu jiro baarista walamadka ee joogtada ah.

Natiijooyinka caadiga ah waa sawirro mareenka xiidmaha caafimaadka qaba.

Natiijooyinka baaritaanka aan caadiga ahayn waxay noqon karaan mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Kansarka malawadka
• Boorsooyin aan caadi ahayn oo ku yaal dahaarka mindhicirada, oo loo yaqaan 'diverticulosis'
• Cudurka 'Colitis' (xiidmaha oo barara oo bararsan) sababo la xiriira cudurka 'Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, infekshinka, ama socodka dhiigga oo yaraada
• Dhiig-baxa caloosha hoose (GI)
• Burooyinka
• Buro

Baarista walamadka ee joogtada ah waa la samayn karaa (maalin ka duwan) VC-da ka dib haddii:

• Lama oga sababta keentay dhiigbax ama astaamo kale.VC way seegi kartaa qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka yaryar ee xiidanka.
• Dhibaatooyinka u baahan biopsy ayaa lagu arkay VC.

Khataraha VC waxaa ka mid ah:

• U soo-gaadhista shucaaca ka soo baxa baaritaanka CT-ga
• Lalabbo, matag, dibbiro, ama cuncunka malawadka ee daawooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu diyaariyo baaritaanka
• Daloolista mindhicirka markii tuubbada si ay hawadu u soo saarto la gelinayo (aad ayey u yar tahay).

Farqiga u dhexeeya baarista walamadka iyo baarista caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• VC wuxuu ka arki karaa xiidanka dhinacyo badan oo kala duwan. Tani ma aha sida ugu fudud ee baarista walamadka caadiga ah.
• VC uma baahna dajin. Badanaa waad ku laaban kartaa howlahaaga caadiga ah isla markiiba baaritaanka ka dib. Mindhicirka joogtada ah ee loo yaqaan 'colonoscopy' wuxuu isticmaalaa suuxdin iyo badiyaa luminta maalin shaqo.
• VC iyadoo la adeegsanayo qalabka wax lagu baaro ee CT waxay kuu soo bandhigeysaa shucaac.
• Baarista walamadka ee joogtada ahi waxay leedahay halista yar ee daloolidda mindhicirka (abuurista ilmo yar). Khatar noocan oo kale ah kama imaan karto VC.
• VC badanaa ma awoodo inay soo ogaato burooyinka ka yar 10 mm. Baadhitaanka joogtada ah ee colonoscopy ayaa lagu ogaan karaa burooyinka noocyadooda oo dhan ah.

Colonoscopy - dalwad; CT colonigraphy; Gumeysiga sawir-qaadista xisaabeed; Midabaynta - dalwaddii

• CT iskaanka
• Skaanka MRI

Itzkowitz SH, Potack J. polyps Colonic iyo syndromes polyposis. Gudaha: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger iyo Cudurka Mindhicirka iyo Beerka ee Fordtran: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 126.

Kim DH, Pickhardt PJ. Gumeysiga sawir-qaadista ee xisaabeed. Gudaha: Gore RM, Levine MS, eds. Buug-gacmeedka shucaaca caloosha. 4aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: cutubka 53.

Lawler M, Johnston B, Van Schaeybroeck S, iyo al. Kansarka malawadka Gudaha: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 74.

Lin JS, Piper MA, Perdue LA, iyo al. Baadhitaanka kansarka mindhicirka mindhicirka: warbixinta caddaynta ee la cusbooneysiiyay iyo dib-u-eegis nidaamsan oo loogu talagalay Xoogagga Adeegyada Ka-hortagga ee Mareykanka. JAMA. 2016; 315 (23): 2576-2594. PMID: 27305422 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27305422.