Qoraa: Gregory Harris
Taariikhda Abuurista: 10 Abriil 2021
Taariikhda Cusboonaysiinta: 24 Setembar 2024
Anonim
Chondroitin sulfate - Medical Definition
Dareemoleyad: Chondroitin sulfate - Medical Definition

Qanacsan

Chondroitin sulfate waa kiimiko caadi ahaan laga helo carjawda ku wareegsan kala-goysyada jirka. Chondroitin sulfate badanaa waxaa laga soo saaraa ilaha xoolaha, sida shark iyo carjawda lo'da. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu sameyn karaa shaybaarka.

Qaar ka mid ah waxyaabaha loo yaqaan 'chondroitin sulfate' si sax ah looma calaamadeynin. Xaaladaha qaarkood, qadarka chondroitin wuu ka duwanaa midkoodna in ka badan 100% ee lacagta lagu sheegay calaamadda alaabta. Sidoo kale, waxyaabaha qaar waxaa ku jira chondroitin oo laga soo qaatay xayawaano badan oo kala duwan, in kasta oo tan markasta aan lagu sheegin qoraalka.

Chondroitin sulfate waxaa loo isticmaalaa osteoarthritis iyo cataracts. Waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa isku dhafka maaddooyinka kale, oo ay ku jiraan manganese ascorbate, hyaluronic acid, collagen peptides, ama glucosamine. Chondroitin sulfate sidoo kale afka ayaa laga qaadaa, maqaarka ayaa la mariyaa, waxaana loo siiyaa tallaal xaalado kale oo badan, laakiin ma jirto caddeyn cilmi ah oo wanaagsan oo adeegsaneysa adeegyadan.

Daawooyinka Dabiiciga ah ee Xogta Dhamaystiran waxay qiimeysaa waxtarka ku saleysan caddeynta sayniska iyadoo loo eegayo cabirka soo socda: Wax ku ool ah, Suurta gal ah inuu wax ku ool yahay, suurtagal tahay wax ku ool ah, macquul ahaan waxtar la'aan, suurtagal ahaan waxtar la'aan, waxtar la'aan, iyo caddayn ku filan oo lagu qiimeeyo.

Qiimeynta waxtarka ee CHONDROITIN SULFATE waa sida soo socota:


Suurtagal inay wax ku ool u tahay ...

  • Indho-beelka indhaha. Cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in duritaanka xalka ay ka kooban tahay chondroitin sulfate iyo sodium hyaluronate ee isha ay ilaalineyso isha inta lagu jiro qalliinka cataract. Badeecooyin badan oo kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan chondroitin sulfate iyo sodium hyaluronate ayaa waxaa dib u eegay Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka ee Mareykanka (FDA) si loo isticmaalo inta lagu jiro qalliinka indhaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ma cadda haddii lagu daro chondroitin sulfate xalalka sodium hyaluronate waxay ka caawineysaa yareynta cadaadiska isha gudaheeda ka dib qalliinka cataract marka la barbar dhigo daaweynta kale ee la midka ah. Qaar ka mid ah daraasadihii hore waxay soo jeedinayaan in xal il gaar ah oo isha ku jira oo ay ku jirto chondroitin sulfate iyo hyaluronate (Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories) ay hoos u dhigi karto cadaadiska isha isla markaana ay wanaajineyso guud ahaan caafimaadka indhaha ka dib marka laga saaro cataract. Si kastaba ha noqotee, dhibcaha uma muuqdaan inay ka fiican yihiin dhibcaha ay ku jiraan hyaluronate oo keliya ama kiimiko kale oo loo yaqaan hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose. Saamaynta xalalka ay ku jiraan kaliya chondroitin sulfate ee qalliinka cataract lama yaqaan.
  • Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cilmi-baarista caafimaad waxay muujineysaa in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate afka si xishood leh u wanaajiso xanuunka iyo u shaqeynta dadka qaar ee qaba osteoarthritis marka la isticmaalo illaa 6 bilood. Waxay umuuqataa inay sida ugufiican ugushaqaynayso dadka qaba xanuun daran iyo marka diyaarinta heerka fasalka dawooyinka la isticmaalo. Waxyaabaha qaaska ah ee muujiyey faa'iidada bukaanada qaba cudurka osteoarthritis waxaa ka mid ah Chondrosulf (IBSA Institut Biochimique SA), Chondrosan (Bioibérica, SA), iyo Structrum (Laboratoires Pierre Fabre). Laakiin xanuun joojintu waxay u egtahay inuu yaraan doono ugu yaraan. Cilmi-baaris kale waxay muujineysaa in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate illaa 2 sano ay yareyn karto horumarka cudurka osteoarthritis.
    Cilmi baarisyada qaarkood waxay qiimeeyeen saameynta chondroitin sulfate markii afka laga qaato iyadoo lagu darayo glucosamine. Daraasadaha qaarkood waxay muujinayaan in qaadashada alaabooyin gaar ah oo ay kujiraan chondroitin sulfate iyo glucosamine ay caawiso yareynta calaamadaha cudurka osteoarthritis. Cilmi baaris kale ma muujineyso wax faa iido ah marka u diyaar garowga aan ganacsiga aheyn la isticmaalo. Qaadashada chondroitin sulfate oo lagu daray glucosamine muddada-dheer waxay umuuqataa inay gaabineyso horumarka cudurka osteoarthritis.
    Waxaa jira waxoogaa caddayn ah in kareemka maqaarku ku jiro chondroitin sulfate oo ay weheliso glucosamine sulfate, carjawda shark, iyo kaafuur ay yareyn karaan astaamaha osteoarthritis. Si kastaba ha noqotee, astaamaha astaamaha oo dhan waxay u badan tahay inay sabab u tahay kaafuur oo aysan ahayn maaddooyinka kale. Ma jiraan wax cilmi baaris ah oo muujinaya in chondroitin uu ku dhex milmo maqaarka.

Cadeymo aan ku filneyn in lagu qiimeeyo wax ku oolnimada ...

  • Xanuunka wadajirka ah ee ay sababaan daawooyinka loo yaqaan aromatase inhibitors (aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias). Cilmibaaristii ugu horreysay waxay soo jeedineysaa in qaadashada isku-darka ah glycosamine sulfate iyo chondroitin sulfate laba ama seddex qaybood oo kala qeybsan maalin kasta 24 usbuuc ay hagaajiso xanuunka wadajirka iyo astaamaha ay sababaan daawooyinka loo isticmaalo daaweynta kansarka naasaha.
  • Indho qallalan. Cilmibaaristii ugu horreysay waxay muujineysaa in adeegsiga dhibcaha isha ee chondroitin ay yareyn karto indhaha qallalan. Cilmi-baaris kale waxay muujineysaa in isticmaalka dhibcaha indhaha ay ku jiraan chondroitin sulfate iyo xanjada xanthan ay hagaajin karto indhaha qallalan ee ku saabsan sidoo kale isticmaalka ilmada macmalka ah. Laakiin cilmi baaris kale oo hore ayaa muujineysa inaysan jirin wax faa'iido ah.
  • Murqo xanuun oo jimicsiga ka dhasha. Daraasad hore waxay muujineysaa in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate maalin kasta aysan yareynaynin murqaha ka dib jimicsiga ragga.
  • Barar (caabuq) caloosha (gastritis). Cilmi baaris hore waxay muujineysaa in cabitaanka dareere gaar ah oo ay kujiraan chondroitin sulfate iyo hyaluronic acid ay yareyn karto xanuunka caloosha ee dadka qaba gaastariga.
  • Cudurka kaadiheysta ee xanuunka leh (cystitis interstitial). Daraasadaha qaarkood waxay muujinayaan in dareere leh chondroitin sulfate oo la galiyo kaadiheysta ay hagaajin karto calaamadaha kaadiheysta xanuunka leh. Laakiin daraasadahaani badankood waa kuwo tayo hooseeya. Qaar ka mid ah daraasadaha tayada sare leh waxay soo jeedinayaan in isticmaalka chondroitin sulfate gudaha kaadiheysta aysan faa iido laheyn. Qaar ka mid ah baaritaanka hore waxay muujinayaan in qaadashada shey ay ku jirto chondroitin sulfate iyo waxyaabo kale oo afka laga qaato ay hagaajin karto kaadiheysta xanuunka leh. Laakiin ma cadda haddii faa iidadu ka timaaddo chondroitin sulfate ama maaddooyinka kale.
  • Cilad ku dhacda lafaha iyo kala-goysyada, badanaa dadka qaba cillad yarida (cudurka Kashin-Beck). Cilmibaaristii ugu horreysay waxay soo jeedineysaa in chondroitin sulfate, oo leh ama aan laheyn glycosamine hydrochloride, ay yareyn karto xanuunka dadka qaba cudurka Kashin-Beck. Sidoo kale, qaadashada chondroitin sulfate oo leh glycosamine sulfate waxay yareyn kartaa booska wadajirka ah ee dadka qaba cudurkan lafaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ma cadda haddii qaadashada chondroitin sulfate kaligeed ay gaabinayso cidhiidhiga booska wadajirka ah.
  • Wadne qabad. Qaar ka mid ah baaritaanka hore waxay muujinayaan in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate afka laga yaabo inay hoos u dhigto halista ah inuu yeesho wadno xanuun ugu horreeya ama soo noqnoqda.
  • Jalaato, maqaar cuncun (cudurka psoriasis). Cilmibaarista hore waxay soo jeedineysaa in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate muddo bilo ah 2-3 ay yareyneyso xanuunka ayna wanaajineyso xaaladaha maqaarka ee dadka cudurka psoriasis qaba. Laakiin cilmi baaris kale ayaa soo jeedinaysa in qaadashada chondroitin sulfate (Condrosan, CS Bio-Active, Bioiberica SA, Barcelona, ​​Spain) maalin kasta 3 bilood aysan yareynaynin darnaanta cudurka psoriasis ee dadka qaba cudurka psoriasis iyo jilibka osteoarthritis.
  • Luminta kontoroolka kaadiheysta (kaadi heysta oo ceshan weyda). Cilmibaaristii ugu horreysay waxay soo jeedineysaa in gelinta sodium chondroitin sulfate ee kaadiheysta iyada oo loo marayo tuubada kaadiheysta ay wanaajineyso tayada nolosha dadka qaba kaadiheysta badan.
  • Caabuqyada kalyaha, kaadi haysta, ama kaadi mareenka (infekshinka kaadi mareenka ama UTIs). Daraasad hore waxay muujineysaa in maamulida xalka ay kujirto chondroitin sulfate iyo hyaluronic acid ee kaadiheysta marinka kateetarka ay yareyneyso tirada UTI-yada ee haweenka leh taariikhda UTIs.
  • Maqaarka gaboobay.
  • Qalbi joogto ah.
  • Wadne xanuun.
  • Kalastarol sare.
  • Lafaha oo daciifa oo jajaba (lafo xanuun).
  • Maqaarka duuduuban.
  • Xaaladaha kale.
Cadeymo badan ayaa loo baahan yahay si loogu qiimeeyo chondroitin sulfate adeegyadan.

Cudurka osteoarthritis, kilyaha carjawda ee kala-goysyada ayaa burbura. Qaadashada chondroitin sulfate, mid ka mid ah dhismooyinka dhismaha ee carjawda, ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhigo burburkaan.

Markii afka lagaa qaado: Chondroitin sulfate waa KU SOO DHAWEYN SAFE. Chondroitin sulfate afka ayaa si nabad ah looga qaatay ilaa 6 sano. Waxay sababi kartaa xoogaa xanuun caloosha iyo lallabbo. Dhibaatooyinka kale ee la soo sheegay ayaa ah dibiro, shuban, calool istaag, madax xanuun, baalasha indhaha oo barara, lugo barar, timo lumis, finanka maqaarka, iyo garaaca wadnaha oo aan joogto ahayn.

Markii isha la geliyo: Chondroitin sulfate waa KU SOO DHAWEYN SAFE markii loo isticmaalay xal il inta lagu gudajiray qalliinka indhaha.

Markii loo siiyo tallaal ahaan: Chondroitin sulfate waa BADBAADO KU SAABSAN markii lagu mudo muruqyada sidii tallaal, muddo-gaaban.

Waxaa jira xoogaa walaac ah oo ku saabsan badbaadada chondroitin sulfate maxaa yeelay waxay ka timaadaa ilaha xoolaha. Dadka qaar ayaa ka walwalsan in dhaqanka wax soosaarka ee aan aaminka aheyn ay u horseedi karto wasakheynta alaabada chondroitin ee unugyada xayawaanka buka, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa laga yaabo inay u gudbiyaan cudurka encephalopathy bovine spongiform (cudurka lo'da). Illaa iyo hadda, ma jiraan wax warbixino ah oo ku saabsan chondroitin oo sababa cudur ku dhaca bini-aadamka, halista ayaa loo maleynayaa inay hooseyso.

Waxyaalaha chondroitin qaarkood waxay ka kooban yihiin xaddi xad dhaaf ah manganese. Weydii xirfadlahaaga daryeelka caafimaadka noocyada la isku halleyn karo.

Taxaddarrada gaarka ah & digniinta:

Uurka iyo nuujinta: Ma jiro macluumaad ku filan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo lagu ogaanayo haddii chondroitin sulfate ay amaan tahay in la isticmaalo marka uurka leedahay ama naas nuujinta. Joog dhinaca aaminka ah iskana ilaali isticmaalka.

Neefta: Waxaa jira walaac ah in chondroitin sulfate laga yaabo inay neefta ka sii darto. Haddii aad neef qabtid, u isticmaal chondroitin sulfate si taxaddar leh.

Ciladaha xinjirowga dhiigga: Aragti ahaan, maamulidda chondroitin sulfate waxay kordhin kartaa halista dhiig-baxa dadka qaba xanuunnada xinjirowga dhiigga.

Kansarka qanjirka 'prostate': Cilmi baaris hore waxay soo jeedineysaa in chondroitin uu sababi karo faafida ama soo noqoshada kansarka qanjirka 'prostate'. Saameyntan lama soo bandhigin maadooyinka 'chondroitin sulfate supplements'. Si kastaba ha noqotee, illaa inta laga ogaanayo, ha u qaadan chondroitin sulfate haddii aad qabto kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' ama aad qatar ugu jirto inaad ku dhacdo (waxaad leedahay walaal ama aabe qaba kansarka qanjirka 'prostate').

Dhexdhexaad
Ka taxaddar isku-dhafkan.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Warfarin (Coumadin) waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu yareeyo xinjirowga dhiigga. Waxaa jira warbixino dhowr ah oo muujinaya in qaadashada chondroitin ee loo yaqaan 'glucosamine' ay kordhiso saameynta warfarin (Coumadin) ee xinjirowga dhiigga. Tani waxay sababi kartaa nabar iyo dhiig bax halis ah. Ha qaadan chondroitin haddii aad qaadanayso warfarin (Coumadin).
Ma jiraan is-dhexgal la yaqaan oo leh geedo iyo waxyaabo dheeri ah.
Ma jiraan wax la yaqaan oo la falgala cunnooyinka.
Qiyaasaha soo socda ayaa lagu bartay cilmi baarista sayniska:

Afka:
  • Cudurka osteoarthritis: Qiyaasta caadiga ah ee chondroitin sulfate waa 800-2000 mg oo loo qaato hal qaadasho ama laba ama saddex qiyaasood oo loo qeybiyay maalin kasta ilaa 3 sano.
CODSIGA MAQAARKA:
  • Cudurka osteoarthritis: Kareem ka kooban 50 mg / gram oo chondroitin sulfate ah, 30 mg / gram oo ah glucosamine sulfate, 140 mg / gram oo carjaw ah, iyo 32 mg / gram kahor
MURUQA LAGU SAMEEYAY
  • Cudurka osteoarthritis: Chondroitin sulfate (Matrix) ayaa lagu duray muruqa maalin kasta ama laba jeer usbuucii muddo 6 bilood ah.
CODSIGA INDHAHA:
  • Indhaha indhaha: Dhowr dhibcood oo indhaha kala duwan ah oo ay ku jiraan sodium hyaluronate iyo chondroitin sulfate (DisCoVisc, Alcon Laboratories; Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories; DuoVisc, Alcon Laboratories; Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories; Provisc, Alcon Laboratories) ayaa la isticmaalay intii lagu jiray qalliinka indhaha.
Kaalsiyam Chondroitin Sulfate, CDS, Chondroitin, Chondroitin Polysulfate, Chondroitin Polysulphate, Chondroitin Sulfate A, Chondroitin Sulfates, Chondroitin Sulfate B, Chondroitin Sulfate C, Chondroitin Sulfates, Chondroitin Sulphate A Sodium, Chondroïtrootine , Chondroïtine 4-Sulfate, Chondroïtine 4- et 6- Sulfate, Condroitin, CPS, CS, CSA, CSC, GAG, Galactosaminoglucuronoglycan Sulfate, Chondroitin 4-Sulfate, Chondroitin 4- iyo 6-Sulfate, Poly- (1-> 3) -N-Aceltyl-2-Amino-2-Deoxy-3-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranurosyl-4- (ama 6-), Polysulfate de Chondroïtine, Sulfate de Chondroïtine, Sulfate de Galactosaminoglucuronoglycane, Sulfates de Chondroïtine .

Si aad wax badan uga ogaato sida maqaalkan loo qoray, fadlan eeg Daawooyinka Dabiiciga ah ee Xogta Dhamaystiran habka.


  1. Bruyere O, Honvo G, Veronese N, iyo al. Talo-siinta algorithm ee la cusbooneysiiyay ee loogu talagalay maareynta laf-dhabarka osteoarthritis-ka ee ka socda Bulshada Yurub ee Daaweynta iyo Dhaqaalaha ee Cudurka Osteoporosis, Cudurka Osteoarthritis, iyo Cudurka Muruqyada (ESCEO). Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Diisam; 49: 337-50. Eeg aragti
  2. Navarro SL, Levy L, Curtis KR, Lampe JW, Hullar MAJ. Is-beddelka Gut Microbiota ee Glucosamine iyo Chondroitin ee tijaabin tijaabo ah, tijaabo tijaabo ah oo laba-indho-indhoole ah oo bini-aadamka ah. Noolaha. 2019 Nofeembar 23; 7. badan: E610. Eeg aragti
  3. Restaino OF, Finamore R, Stellavato A, iyo al. Cunnooyinka yurubta ah ee loo yaqaan 'chondroitin sulfate' iyo 'glucosamine supplements': Qiimeyn nidaamsan oo tayo iyo xaddidan leh oo lagu barbardhigo dawooyinka. Polym Carbohydr. 2019 Oktoobar 15; 222: 114984. Eeg aragti
  4. Kolasinski SL, Neogi T, Hochberg MC, iyo al. 2019 American College of Rheumatology / Arthritis Foundation tilmaamaha loogu talagalay maaraynta cudurka osteoarthritis ee gacanta, sinta, iyo jilibka. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020 Febraayo; 72: 220-33. Eeg aragti
  5. Savarino V, Pace F2, Scarpignato C; Kooxda Esoxx Study Group. Maxkamad caafimaad oo la kala soocay: ilaalinta xabka oo lagu daro xakamaynta aashitada ee daaweynta cudurka reflux non-erosive - waxtarka Esoxx, sameynta bioadhesive ku saleysan hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulphate. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017; 45: 631-642. Eeg aragti
  6. Goddard JC, Janssen DAW. Hyaluronic acid intravesical iyo chondroitin sulfate ee soo noqnoqda infekshinka kaadi mareenka: dib u eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqayn meta. Int Urogynecol J. 2018 Jul; 29: 933-942. Epub 2017 Nofeembar 27. Dib u eegis. Eeg aragti
  7. Iannitti T, Morales-Medina JC, Merighi A, et al. Qalabka hyaluronic acid- iyo chondroitin sulfate-ku-saleysan wuxuu hagaajiyaa xanuunka gastritis, raaxo-darrada, iyo astaamaha endoscopic. Dawada Deliv Transl Res. 2018 Oktoobar; 8: 994-999. Eeg aragti
  8. Tsuruta A, Horiike T, Yoshimura M, Nagaoka I. Qiimeynta saameynta maamulka gulukosamine ay kujirto kaabista biomarkers ee cartilage metabolism ee ciyaartoyda kubada cagta: Daraasad lagu xakameynayo indhoole indhoole labalaab ah. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Oktoobar; 18: 3941-3948. Epub 2018 Aug 17. Eeg aragti aan la taaban karin.
  9. Simental-Mendía M, Sánchez-García A, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Acosta-Olivo CA, Peña-Martínez VM, Simental-Mendía LE. Saameynta glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate ee calaamadaha jilibka ee osteoarthritis: dib u eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqayn meta ah ee tijaabooyinka xakamaynta xakamaynta. Rheumatol Int. 2018 Agoosto; 38: 1413-1428. Epub 2018 Jun 11. Dib u eegis. Eeg aragti
  10. Ogata T, Ideno Y, Akai M, iyo al. Saameynta glucosamine ee bukaanka qaba osteoarthritis ee jilibka: dib u eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqayn meta. Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Sep; 37: 2479-2487. Epub 2018 Apr 30. Muuqaal aan la taaban karin.
  11. Pyo JS, Cho WJ. Dib-u-eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqayn metelo ah oo ah Hyaluronic Acid iyo Hyaluronic Acid / Chondroitin Sulfate Instillation oo loogu talagalay Cystitis Interstitial / Syndrome. Qalabka Physiol Biochem. 2016; 39: 1618-25. Eeg aragti
  12. Lopez HL, Ziegenfuss TN, Park J. Qiimaynta Saamaynta BioCell Collagen, Novel Cartilage Extract, oo ku saabsan Taageerada Cadka Isku Xidhka ah iyo Soo kabashada Shaqada ee Jimicsiga. Iskuduwaha Med (Encinitas). 2015; 14: 30-8. Eeg aragti
  13. Pérez-Balbuena AL, Ochoa-Tabares JC, Belalcazar-Rey S, iyo al. Wax ku oolnimada isku dhafka go'an ee 0.09% xanthan gum / 0.1% chondroitin sulfate preservative free vs polyethylene glycol / propylene glycol ee maadooyinka qaba cudurka indhaha ee qallalan: tijaabo la xakameeyey oo kala duwan oo kala duwan ah. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016 Sep; 16: 164.Eeg aragti
  14. Zeng C, Wei J, Li H, iyo al. Waxtarka iyo amniga Glucosamine, chondroitin, labada isku dhafan, ama celecoxib ee daaweynta osteoarthritis ee jilibka. Sci Rep. 2015; 5: 16827. Eeg aragti
  15. Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Sánchez-Pernaute O, iyo al. Daaweynta isku dhafan ee Chondroitin Sulfate iyo Glucosamine Sulfate waxay muujineysaa inaysan ka fiicneyn placebo yareynta xanuunka wadajirka ah iyo naafanimada waxqabadka ee bukaanka qaba Jilibka Osteoarthritis: Lix Bilood oo Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, placebo-Control Clinical Trial. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017; 69: 77-85. Eeg aragti
  16. Pelletier JP, Raynauld JP, Beaulieu AD, iyo al. Waxtarka 'Chondroitin sulfate' ee ka soo horjeedka 'celecoxib' ee jilibka osteoarthritis isbeddelada qaabdhismeedka iyadoo la adeegsanayo imaging resonance magnetic: 2-sano daraasad sahamin badan ah. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016; 18: 256. Eeg aragti
  17. Singh JA, Noorbaloochi S, MacDonald R, Maxwell LJ. Chondroitin oo loo yaqaan 'osteoarthritis'. Macluumaadka Cochrane Syst Rev. 2015 Jan 28; 1: CD005614. Eeg aragti
  18. Bruyère O, Cooper C, Pelletier JP, et al. Qoraal la isku raacsan yahay oo ku saabsan Bulshada Yurub ee Caafimaadka iyo Dhaqaalaha ee Osteoporosis iyo Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) algorithm ee maaraynta jilibka osteoarthritis-Laga soo bilaabo daawada caddaynta ku saleysan ilaa nolosha dhabta ah. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016; 45 (Qalabka 4): S3-11. Eeg aragti
  19. Reginster JY, Dudler J, Blicharski T, Pavelka K. Darajada dawada ee 'Chondroitin sulfate' waa mid wax ku ool ah sida celecoxib oo ka sarreysa placebo jilibka osteoarthritis ee astaamaha: ChONdroitin iyo CElecoxib oo ka soo horjeedda Goobta Maxjarka (CONCEPT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Laga yaabaa 22. pii: annrheumdis-2016-210860. Eeg aragti
  20. Volpi N. Tayada diyaarinta chondroitin sulfate kala duwan ee la xiriirta waxqabadkooda daweynta. J Farmashiyaha 2009; 61: 1271-80. Eeg aragti
  21. Lauder RM. Chondroitin sulphate: molecule isku dhafan oo saameyn ku yeelan kara nidaamyo badan oo bayooloji ah. Dheeraad Ther Med 2009; 17: 56-62. Eeg aragti
  22. Barnhill JG, Fye CL, Williams DW, Reda DJ, Harris CL, Clegg DO. Xulashada sheyga Chondroitin ee tijaabada faragelinta glucosamine / chondroitin arthritis. J Am Pharm Assoc 2006; 46: 14-24. Eeg aragti
  23. Zegels B, Crozes P, Uebelhart D, Bruyère O, Reginster JY. Isbarbardhiga hal qiyaas (1200 mg) marka la barbardhigo seddex jeer maalintii (400 mg) chondroitin 4 & 6 sulfate ee bukaanada qaba jilibka osteoarthritis. Natiijooyinka daraasad xakamaynta indho-beelka laba-laabka ah ee la kala soocay. Gawaarida Osteoarthritis 2013; 21: 22-7. Eeg aragti
  24. Vigan M. Xasaasiyadda xiriirka xasaasiyadda ee uu sababo sodium chondroitin sulfate ku jirta kareemka la isku qurxiyo. La xiriir Dermatitis 2014; 70: 383-4. Eeg aragti
  25. Torella M, Schettino MT, Salvatore S, Serati M, De Franciscis P, Colacurci N. Daaweynta gudaha ee cystitis soo noqnoqda: khibrad xarumo badan. J Cudurka Hooyada 2013; 19: 920-5. Eeg aragti
  26. Schneider H, Maheu E, Cucherat M. Saamaynta wax ka beddelka astaamaha chondroitin sulfate ee jilibka osteoarthritis: falanqaynta maadada ee tijaabooyinka xakamaynta xakamaynta ee lagu sameeyay qaabdhismeedka (®). Furan Rheumatol J. 2012; 6: 183-9. Eeg aragti
  27. Palmieri B, Merighi A, Corbascio D, Rottigni V, Fistetto G, Esposito A. Isku-darka isku dhafan ee hyaluronic acid iyo sameynta afka ee chondroitin-sulphate ee laba indhoole aan kala sooc lahayn, daraasad xakameyn xakameyn ah oo loogu talagalay daaweynta astaamaha bukaanjiifka aan lahayn erosive gastroesophageal reflux. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17: 3272-8. Eeg aragti
  28. Llamas-Moreno JF, Baiza-Durán LM, Saucedo-Rodríguez LR, Alaníz-De la O JF. Waxtarka iyo badbaadada chondroitin sulfate / xanthan gum oo ka soo horjeeda polyetylen glycol / propylene glycol / hydroxypropyl guar ee bukaanka indhaha qallalan. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 995-9. Eeg aragti
  29. De Vita D, Antell H, Giordano S. Waxtarka hyaluronic acid ee xididada leh ama aan lahayn chondroitin sulfate ee cystitis bakteeriyada soo noqnoqota ee haweenka qaangaarka ah: falanqaynta maadada. Introronecol J 2013; 24: 545-52. Eeg aragti
  30. Greenlee H, Crew KD, Shao T, Kranwinkel G, Kalinsky K, Maurer M, Brafman L, Insel B, Tsai WY, Hershman DL. Daraasadda Wejiga II ee glucosamine oo leh chondroitin oo ku saabsan aromatase inhibitor-la xiriirta calaamadaha wadajirka ah ee haweenka qaba kansarka naasaha. Taageerada Kansarka Daryeelka 2013; 21: 1077-87. Eeg aragti
  31. Fransen M, Agaliotis M, Nairn L, Votrubec M, Bridgett L, Su S, Jan S, Maarso L, Edmonds J, Norton R, Woodward M, Day R; LEGS waxay bartaa koox iskaashi ah. Glucosamine iyo chondroitin oo loogu talagalay jilibka osteoarthritis: tijaabin tijaabo caafimaad oo lagu xakameynayo goob-xakameyn laba-indho-indhoole ah oo lagu qiimeeyo nidaamyada isku-dhafan iyo isku-darka. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74: 851-8. Eeg aragti
  32. Provenza JR, Shinjo SK, Silva JM, Peron CR, Rocha FA. Isku-darka glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate, hal mar ama seddex jeer maalin kasta, waxay bixisaa xanuun joojiye caafimaad oo ku habboon jilibka osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 34: 1455-62 Fiiri aragti aan caadi ahayn.
  33. von Felden J, Montani M, Kessebohm K, Stickel F. Dhaawaca beerka daran ee ku dhaca daroogada oo la jaanqaadaya hepatitis autoimmune ka dib qaadashada nafaqada dheeraadka ah ee ay ku jiraan glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate. IntJ Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 51: 219-23. Eeg aragti
  34. Hochberg MC, Martel-Pelletier J, Monfort J, Möller I, Castillo JR, Arden N, Berenbaum F, Blanco FJ, Conaghan PG, Doménech G, Henrotin Y, Pap T, Richette P, Sawitzke A, du Souich P, Pelletier JP ; anigoo ku hadlaya magaca Kooxda Baadhista MOVES. Isku darka chondroitin sulfate iyo glucosamine oo loogu talagalay jilibka xanuunka osteoarthritis: tijaabooyin badan, kala-soocid, laba-indhoole, tijaabin aan liidneyn oo ka soo horjeedda celecoxib. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75: 37-44. Eeg aragti
  35. Cerda C, Bruguera M, Parés A. Cudurka 'Hepatotoxicity' ee la xidhiidha glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate ee bukaanada qaba cudurka beerka ee joogtada ah. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 5381-4. Eeg aragti
  36. Bray HG, Gregory JE, Stacey M. Chemistry of Nudaha. 1. Chondroitin oo ka socda carjawda. Biochem J 1944; 38: 142-146.
  37. FDA. Ansixinta Premarket (PMA) Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpma/pma.cfm?id=20196.
  38. FDA waxay bixisaa oggolaanshaha hore ee Viscoat. Heerarka Badbaadada Biyomed 1986; 16: 82.
  39. Blotman F iyo Loyau G. Maxkamad caafimaad oo leh chondroitin sulfate ee gonarthrosis [abstract]. Gawaarida Osteoarthritis 1993; 1: 68.
  40. Adebowale AO, Cox DS Liang Z Eddington ND. Falanqaynta glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate waxyaabaha ku jira badeecooyinka suuq geynta iyo ka-hortagga caco-2 ee alaabta ceeriin ee chondroitin sulfate. J Am Nutraceutical Assoc. 2000; 3: 37-44.
  41. Pavelka iyo et al. Laba-indhoole, daraasad wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan afka cs 4 & 6 1200mg, 800mg, 200mg oo ka dhan ah placebo daaweynta femorotibial osteoarthritis. Wular Rheumatol Liter 1998; 27 (alaabta 2): 63.
  42. L’Hirondel JL. [Daraasad laba-indhoole ah oo daaweyn ah oo leh codsi afka ah ee chondroitin sulfate iyo placebo oo loogu talagalay daaweynta tibio femoral gonarthrosis ee bukaannada 125]. Litera Rheumatologica 1992; 14: 77-84.
  43. Fleisch, AM, Merlin C, Imhoff A, iyo et al. Daraasad hal sano ah oo la kala soocay, laba-indhoole, daraasad xakameyn ah oo lagu xakameynayo afka oo la yiraahdo chondroitin sulfate ee bukaanka qaba osteoarthritis jilibka. Cudurka Osteoarthritis iyo Cartilage 1997; 5: 70.
  44. Uebelhart D iyo Chantraine A. Efficacite clinique du sulfate de chondroitine dans la gonarthrose: Etude randomisee en laba-insu iyo placebo [abstract]. Rev. Humatisme 1994; 10: 692.
  45. Verbruggen, G., Goemaere, S., iyo Veys, E. M. Chondroitin sulfate: S / DMOAD (qaab dhismeedka / cudurada wax ka beddelka daawada osteoarthritis) ee daaweynta farta OA. Gawaarida osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6 Qalabka A: 37-38. Eeg aragti
  46. Nakazawa, K., Murata, K., Izuka, K., iyo Oshima, Y. Saamaynta muddada-gaaban ee chondroitin sulfates A iyo C ee maaddooyinka atherosclerotic coronary: Iyadoo la tixraacayo waxqabadkeeda anti-thrombogenic. Jpn Qalbi J 1969; 10: 289-296. Eeg aragti
  47. Nakazawa, K. iyo Murata, K. Daraasad isbarbardhig ah oo ku saabsan saameynta chondroitin sulfate isomers ee maadooyinka atherosclerotic. ZFA. 1979; 34: 153-159. Eeg aragti
  48. Thilo, G. [Daraasad ku saabsan 35 xaaladood oo ah arthrosis oo lagu daaweeyay chondrotiine sulfuric acid (transl transpor)]. Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis 12-27-1977; 66: 1696-1699. Eeg aragti
  49. Embriano, P. J. Cadaadisyada qalliinka kadib foocoemulsification: sodium hyaluronate iyo sodium chondroitin sulfate-sodium hyaluronate. Ann.Ophthalmol. 1989; 21: 85-88, 90. Eeg aragti.
  50. Railhac, JJ, Zaim, M., Saurel, AS, Vial, J., iyo Fournie, B. Saamaynta daaweynta 12 bilood ah ee chondroitin sulfate ee mugga cartilage ee bukaanka osteoarthritis ee bukaanka: oo la kala soocay, laba-indhoole ah, duuliye kontorool ah wax ku barto adoo adeegsanaya MRI. Clin.Reumatol. 2012; 31: 1347-1357. Eeg aragti
  51. De, Vita D. iyo Giordano, S. Waxtarka hyaluronic acid / chondroitin sulfate ee soo noqnoqda bakteeriyada soo noqnoqota: daraasad la kala soocay. Introgynecol.J. 2012; 23: 1707-1713. Eeg aragti
  52. Nickel, JC, Hanno, P., Kumar, K., iyo Thomas, H. Meelo badan oo kala duwan, la kala soocay, laba-indhoole ah, qiimeyn isku-dhafan oo kooxeed ah oo ku saabsan waxtarka iyo badbaadada sodium chondroitin sulfate intravesical marka la barbar dhigo kantaroolka gawaarida aan firfircooneyn ee maadooyinka leh iskudhaf cilladda xanuunka 'cystitis / kaadiheysta'. Cudurrada 2012; 79: 1220-1224. Eeg aragti
  53. Yue, J., Yang, M., Yi, S., Dong, B., Li, W., Yang, Z., Lu, J., Zhang, R., iyo Yong, J. Chondroitin sulfate iyo / ama glucosamine hydrochloride oo loogu talagalay cudurka Kashin-Beck: waa koox-kala-soocid, daraasad xakameyn ku-meel-gaar ah. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2012; 20: 622-629. Eeg aragti
  54. Kanzaki, N., Saito, K., Maeda, A., Kitagawa, Y., Kiso, Y., Watanabe, K., Tomonaga, A., Nagaoka, I., iyo Yamaguchi, H. Saamaynta nafaqada ee nafaqada oo ay ku jiraan glycosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate iyo quercetin glycosides oo ku saabsan jilibka osteoarthritis ee astaamaha ah: daraasad la kala soocay, laba-indhoole, daraasad xakameyn ah. J.Sci.Food Beeraha. 3-15-2012; 92: 862-869. Eeg aragti
  55. Wildi, LM, Raynauld, JP, Martel-Pelletier, J., Beaulieu, A., Bessette, L., Morin, F., Abram, F., Dorais, M., iyo Pelletier, JP Chondroitin sulphate wuxuu yareeyaa mugga carjawda luminta iyo lafaha laf-dhabarka ee bukaanka osteoarthritis ee jilibka ah oo bilaabmaya ugu horreyn bilaha 6 ka dib markii la bilaabay daaweynta: kala-soocid, laba-indhoole, daraasad tijaabo ah oo xakameynaya placebo iyadoo la adeegsanayo MRI. Ann.Rheum.Dis. 2011; 70: 982-989. Eeg aragti
  56. Damiano, R., Quarto, G., Bava, I., Ucciero, G., De, Domenico R., Palumbo, MI, iyo Autorino, R. Kahortaga infekshinka kaadi mareenka ee soo noqnoqda iyadoo maamulka faleebada ee hyaluronic acid iyo chondroitin sulphate : tijaabo aan kala sooc lahayn oo lagu xakameynayo placebo. Eur.Urol. 2011; 59: 645-651. Eeg aragti
  57. Zhou, Q., Chen, H., Qu, M., Wang, Q., Yang, L., iyo Xie, L. Horumarinta nooc ka mid ah noocyada hore ee vivo ee u hoggaansamida fungallada jirka. Graefes Arch.Clin.Exp.Ophthalmol. 2011; 249: 693-700. Eeg aragti
  58. Liesegang, T. J. Waxyaabaha Viscoelastic ee indhaha. Surv.Ophthalmol. 1990; 34: 268-293. Eeg aragti
  59. Furer, V., Wieczorek, R. L., iyo Pillinger, M. H. Bilateral pinna chondritis ka hor inta aan la bilaabin glucosamine chondroitin supplementation. Fadeexada. J. Reheatol. 2011; 40: 241-243. Eeg aragti
  60. Chen, W. C., Yao, C. L., Chu, I. M., iyo Wei, Y. Is barbar dhig saamaynta chondrogenesis by dhaqanka unugyada asliga ah ee bini'aadamka oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo ah chondroitin sulfate C. J.Biosci.Bioeng. 2011; 111: 226-231. Eeg aragti
  61. Kato, D., Era, S., Watanabe, I., Arihara, M., Sugiura, N., Kimata, K., Suzuki, Y., Morita, K., Hidari, KI, iyo Suzuki, T. Antiviral waxqabadka chondroitin sulphate E bartilmaameedka borotiinka baqshada fayraska dengue. Ka hortagga fayraska 2010; 88: 236-243. Eeg aragti
  62. Wandel, S., Juni, P., Tendal, B., Nuesch, E., Villiger, PM, Welton, NJ, Reichenbach, S., iyo Trelle, S. Saamaynta glucosamine, chondroitin, ama placebo ee bukaanada qaba osteoarthritis miskaha ama jilibka: shabakad falanqeyn. BMJ 2010; 341: c4675. Eeg aragti
  63. Rentsch, C., Rentsch, B., Breier, A., Spekl, K., Jung, R., Manthey, S., Scharnweber, D., Zwipp, H., iyo Biewener, A. Laf-dheer muhiim cillado cabir ah oo lagu daaweeyay unugyo-injineernimada polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds: daraasad tijaabo ah oo ku saabsan jiirka. J.Biomed.Mater .Res. 12-1-2010; 95: 964-972. Eeg aragti
  64. Im, A. R., Park, Y., iyo Kim, Y. S. Gooni u ahaanta iyo astaamaha chondroitin sulfates-ka sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) iyo saameyntooda koritaanka fibroblasts. Biol.Pharm.Bull. 2010; 33: 1268-1273. Eeg aragti
  65. Sawitzke, AD, Shi, H., Finco, MF, Dunlop, DD, Harris, CL, Singer, NG, Bradley, JD, Silver, D., Jackson, CG, Lane, NE, Oddis, CV, Wolfe, F. , Lisse, J., Furst, DE, Bingham, CO, Reda, DJ, Moskowitz, RW, Williams, HJ, and Clegg, DO Waxtarka caafimaad iyo badbaadada glucosamine, chondroitin sulphate, iskudarkooda, celecoxib ama placebo loo qaaday si loo daweeyo osteoarthritis jilibka: natiijooyinka 2-sano ee ka yimid GAIT. Ann.Rheum.Dis. 2010; 69: 1459-1464. Eeg aragti
  66. Nickel, JC, Egerdie, RB, Steinhoff, G., Palmer, B., iyo Hanno, P. Meelo badan oo kala duwan, oo la kala soocay, laba-indhoole ah, qiimeyn tijaabo kooxeed isku mid ah ee ku saabsan waxtarka iyo badbaadada sodium chondroitin sulfate ee ka soo horjeedda kantaroolka gawaarida bukaanka qaba cystitis-ka Interstitial / kaadiheysta xanuunka daran. Cudurrada 2010; 76: 804-809. Eeg aragti
  67. Moller, I., Perez, M., Monfort, J., Benito, P., Cuevas, J., Perna, C., Domenech, G., Herrero, M., Montell, E., iyo Verges, J. Waxtarka chondroitin sulphate ee bukaanka qaba jilibka osteoarthritis iyo cudurka psoriasis: daraasad la kala soocay, laba-indhoole, xakameyn xakameyn ah. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2010; 18 Qalabka 1: S32-S40. Eeg aragti
  68. Egea, J., Garcia, A. G., Verges, J., Montell, E., iyo Lopez, M. G. Antioxidant, falalka antiinflammatory iyo neuroprotective ee chondroitin sulfate iyo proteoglycans. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2010; 18 Cuntada 1: S24-S27. Eeg aragti
  69. Hochberg, M. C. Saamaynta qaab-u-habeynta qaabdhismeedka chondroitin sulfate ee jilibka osteoarthritis: falanqeyn meta ah oo la cusbooneysiiyay ee tijaabooyinka xakamaynta xakamaynta ee 2-sano. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2010; 18 Qalabka 1: S28-S31. Eeg aragti
  70. Imada, K., Oka, H., Kawasaki, D., Miura, N., Sato, T., iyo Ito, A. Farsamooyinka waxqabadka anti-arthritic ee dabiiciga chondroitin sulfate ee chondrocytes-ka iyo bini'aadamka synovial fibroblasts. Biol.Pharm Bull. 2010; 33: 410-414. Eeg aragti
  71. Pavelka, K., Coste, P., Geher, P., iyo Krejci, G. Waxtarka iyo badbaadada piascledine 300 oo ka soo horjeeda chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta 6 bilood oo lagu daray 2 bilood kormeer bukaanada qaba osteoarthritis ee jilibka. Clin.Reumatol. 2010; 29: 659-670. Eeg aragti
  72. Tat, S. K., Pelletier, J. P., Mineau, F., Duval, N., iyo Martel-Pelletier, J. Saamaynta isbadalka ah ee 3 iskudhafyada chondroitin kaladuwan ee ku saabsan bini'aadamka 'osteoarthritic cartilage / chondrocytes': ku habboonaanta nadaafadda iyo habka wax soo saarka. J.Rheumatol. 2010; 37: 656-664. Eeg aragti
  73. Lane, S. S., Naylor, D. W., Kullerstrand, L. J., Knauth, K., iyo Lindstrom, R. L. Isbarbardhiga mustaqbalka ee saameynta Occucoat, Viscoat, iyo Healon ee ku saabsan cadaadiska gudaha iyo luminta unugyada jirka. J Qalitaanka indhaha. 1991; 17: 21-26. Eeg aragti
  74. Jackson, CG, Plaas, AH, Sandy, JD, Hua, C., Kim-Rolands, S., Barnhill, JG, Harris, CL, iyo Clegg, DO Daawooyinka dawooyinka bina aadamka ee cunitaanka afka ee glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate ayaa si gooni gooni ah loo qaatay ama isku dhafan. Gawaarida Osteoarthritis 2010; 18: 297-302. Eeg aragti
  75. Madow, C., Clar, C., Henderson, R., MacEachern, C., McNamee, P., Quayyum, Z., Royle, P., iyo Thomas, S. Waxtarka caafimaad ee daaweynta glucosamine iyo chondroitin ee gaabiska ama xiritaanka horumarka osteoarthritis ee jilibka: dib u eegis nidaamsan iyo qiimeyn dhaqaale. Technol Caafimaadka. 2009; 13: 1-148. Eeg aragti
  76. Sasisekharan, R. iyo Shriver, Z. Laga soo bilaabo dhibaatada ilaa fursada: aragtida laga qabo dhibaatada heparin. Thromb. Haemost. 2009; 102: 854-858. Eeg aragti
  77. Crowley, DC, Lau, FC, Sharma, P., Evans, M., Guthrie, N., Bagchi, M., Bagchi, D., Dey, DK, iyo Raychaudhuri, SP Badbaadada iyo waxtarka nooca loo yaqaan 'collagen' nooca aan la cayimin daaweynta osteoarthritis ee jilibka: tijaabo caafimaad. Int.J.Med.Sci. 2009; 6: 312-321. Eeg aragti
  78. Rainsford, K. D. Muhiimadda ay ka kooban tahay dawooyinka iyo caddaynta tijaabooyinka caafimaad iyo daraasadaha dawooyinka ee go'aaminta waxtarka chondroitin sulphate iyo glycosaminoglycans kale: dhaliil. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 2009; 61: 1263-1270. Eeg aragti
  79. Hauser, P. J., Buethe, D. A., Califano, J., Sofinowski, T. M., Culkin, D. J., iyo Hurst, R. E. Dib u soo celinta shaqadii caqabad ku ahayd kaadiheysta ay waxyeeleeyeen kaadiheysta ee chondroitin sulfate. J.Urol. 2009; 182: 2477-2482. Eeg aragti
  80. Kubo, M., Ando, ​​K., Mimura, T., Matsusue, Y., iyo Mori, K. Chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta sinta iyo jilibka osteoarthritis: xaaladda hadda jirta iyo isbeddelada mustaqbalka. Nolosha Sayniska. 9-23-2009; 85 (13-14): 477-483. Eeg aragti
  81. Lee, Y. H., Woo, J. H., Choi, S. J., Ji, J. D., iyo Song, G. G. Saamaynta glucosamine ama chondroitin sulfate ee horumarka osteoarthritis: falanqaynta maadada. Rheumatol Int 2010; 30: 357-363. Eeg aragti
  82. du Souich, P., Garcia, A. G., Verges, J., iyo Montell, E. Immunomodulatory iyo saameynta anti-bararka ee chondroitin sulphate. J.Cell Mol.Med. 2009; 13 (8A): 1451-1463. Eeg aragti
  83. Fthenou, E., Zong, F., Zafiropoulos, A., Dobra, K., Hjerpe, A., iyo Tzanakakis, G. N. Chondroitin sulfate A waxay habeysaa isku dhejinta unugyada fibrosarcoma, dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo socdaalka iyada oo loo marayo JNK iyo jidadka calaamadeynta tyrosine kinase. Gudaha Vivo 2009; 23: 69-76. Eeg aragti
  84. Bhattacharyya, S., Solakyildirim, K., Zhang, Z., Chen, ML, Linhardt, RJ, iyo Tobacman, JK Cell-ku xiran IL-8 wuxuu kordhiyaa unugyada epithelial bronchial ka dib aamusnaanta arylsulfatase B sababtoo ah kala-goynta chondroitin-4- sulfate. AmJJ Jawaab.Cell Mol.Biol. 2010; 42: 51-61. Eeg aragti
  85. Schulz, A., Vestweber, A. M., iyo Dressler, D. [Tallaabada anti-bararka ee diyaarinta hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate ee qaabka kaadiheysta fitamiinada]. Aktuelle Urol. 2009; 40: 109-112. Eeg aragti
  86. David-Raoudi, M., Deschrevel, B., Leclercq, S., Galera, P., Boumediene, K., iyo Pujol, JP Chondroitin sulfate waxay kordhisaa waxsoosaarka hyaluronan ee synoviocytes bini'aadamka iyada oo loo marayo nidaam kala duwanaansho ee isku-dhafka hyaluronan: Doorka p38 iyo Akt. Arthritis Rheum. 2009; 60: 760-770. Eeg aragti
  87. Matsuno, H., Nakamura, H., Katayama, K., Hayashi, S., Kano, S., Yudoh, K., iyo Kiso, Y. Saamaynta maamulka afka ee glucosamine-chondroitin-quercetin glucoside ee synovial sifooyinka dareeraha ee bukaanka qaba osteoarthritis iyo rheumatoid arthritis. Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem. 2009; 73: 288-292. Eeg aragti
  88. Kahan, A., Uebelhart, D., De, Vathaire F., Delmas, P.D., iyo Reginster, J. Y. Saamaynta muddada-dheer ee chondroitins 4 iyo 6 sulfate on osteoarthritis jilibka: daraasadda ku saabsan ka hortagga horumarka osteoarthritis, laba sano, kala-soocid, laba-indhoole, tijaabo xakamaynta placebo. Arthritis Rheum. 2009; 60: 524-533. Eeg aragti
  89. Rovetta, G. Galactosaminoglycuronoglycan sulfate (matrix) ee daaweynta tibiofibular osteoarthritis ee jilibka. Daawooyinka Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 53-57. Eeg aragti
  90. Oliviero, U., Sorrentino, GP, De Paola, P., Tranfaglia, E., D'Alessandro, A., Carifi, S., Porfido, FA, Cerio, R., Grasso, AM, Policicchio, D., iyo. Saameynta daaweynta shaxanka ee dadka waayeelka ah ee leh cillad joogto ah. Daawooyinka Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 45-51. Eeg aragti
  91. Bruyere, O., Burlet, N., Delmas, P. D., Rizzoli, R., Cooper, C., iyo Reginster, J. Y. Qiimaynta astaamaha aayar-u-shaqeynta astaamaha ee osteoarthritis iyadoo la adeegsanayo nidaamka GRADE. BMC.Musculoskelet.Disord. 2008; 9: 165. Eeg aragti
  92. Theoharides, T. C., Kempuraj, D., Vakali, S., iyo Sant, G. R. Daaweynta cilladda cystitis-ka / kaadiheysta xanuunka leh ee loo yaqaan 'CystoProtek' - oo ah kaalmo dabiici ah oo afka laga qaato. J Jari kara 2008; 15: 4410-4414. Eeg aragti
  93. Hochberg, M. C., Zhan, M., iyo Langenberg, P. Heerka hoos u dhaca ballaca wadajirka ah ee bukaanada qaba osteoarthritis ee jilibka: dib u eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqayn meta ah ee tijaabooyinka xakamaynta xakamaynta xakamaynta ee chondroitin sulfate. Curr.Med.Res.Opin. 2008; 24: 3029-3035. Eeg aragti
  94. Sawitzke, AD, Shi, H., Finco, MF, Dunlop, DD, Bingham, CO, III, Harris, CL, Singer, NG, Bradley, JD, Silver, D., Jackson, CG, Lane, NE, Oddis, CV, Wolfe, F., Lisse, J., Furst, DE, Reda, DJ, Moskowitz, RW, Williams, HJ, iyo Clegg, DO Saamaynta glucosamine iyo / ama chondroitin sulfate ee horumarka jilibka osteoarthritis: warbixin laga bilaabo tijaabada faragelinta glucosamine / chondroitin arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2008; 58: 3183-3191. Eeg aragti
  95. Nickel, JC, Egerdie, B., Downey, J., Singh, R., Skehan, A., Carr, L., iyo Irvine-Bird, K. Daraasad ku saabsan tijaabooyin caafimaad oo badan oo badan oo nolosha dhabta ah si loo qiimeeyo waxtarka iyo amniga ee dawada chondroitin sulphate ee daweynta cystitis interstitial. BJU. 2009; 103: 56-60. Eeg aragti
  96. Nordling, J. iyo van, Ophoven A. Dib-u-buuxinta glycosaminoglycan intravesical ee chondroitin sulphate ee qaababka joogtada ah ee cystitis. Maxkamad caalami ah, xarumo badan, tijaabo caafimaad oo indho indheyn ah. Arzneimittelforschung. 2008; 58: 328-335. Eeg aragti
  97. Theocharis, D. A., Skandalis, S. S., Noulas, A. V., Papageorgakopoulou, N., Theocharis, A. D., iyo Karamanos, N. Hyaluronan iyo chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans oo ka tirsan ururka supramolecular ee jirka nafaqada leh ee mammalian. Ku xir. Cadka Res. 2008; 49: 124-128. Eeg aragti
  98. Fosang, A. J. iyo Little, C. B. Aragtida daroogada: aggrecanases oo ah bartilmaameedyada daaweynta ee osteoarthritis. Nat.Clin.Pract.Rheumatol. 2008; 4: 420-427. Eeg aragti
  99. Praveen, M. R., Koul, A., Vasavada, A. R., Pandita, D., Dixit, N. V., iyo Dahodwala, F. F. DisCoVisc oo ka soo horjeedda farsamada jilicsan ee jilicsan iyadoo la adeegsanayo Viscoat iyo Provisc oo ku takhasusay qalliinka: tijaabinta bukaan socodka ee la kala soocay. J.Cataract Refract.Surg. 2008; 34: 1145-1151. Eeg aragti
  100. Dudics, V., Kunstar, A., Kovacs, J., Lakatos, T., Geher, P., Gomor, B., Monostori, E., iyo Uher, F. Chondrogenic ee unugyada stem mesenchymal ee bukaanka qaba rheumatoid arthritis iyo osteoarthritis: cabbiraadaha nidaamka microculture. Unugyada Unugyada. Ogganshayaasha 2009; 189: 307-316. Eeg aragti
  101. Porru, D., Cervigni, M., Nasta, L., Natale, F., Lo, Voi R., Tinelli, C., Gardella, B., Anghileri, A., Spinillo, A., iyo Rovereto, B Natiijooyinka hyaluronic acid endovesical / chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta Cystitis Interstitial / Syndrome Xanuunka Xanuunka Badan. Rev.Recent Clin. Maxkamadeynta 2008; 3: 126-129. Eeg aragti
  102. Cervigni, M., Natale, F., Nasta, L., Padoa, A., Voi, R. L., iyo Porru, D. Daaweyn isku-dhafan oo isku-dhafan oo leh hyaluronic acid iyo chondroitin oo loogu talagalay cillad-darrada kaadiheysta xanuunka / cystitis interstitial. Int.Ugygynecol.J.Pelvic.Floor.Dysfunct. 2008; 19: 943-947. Eeg aragti
  103. Zhang, W., Moskowitz, RW, Nuki, G., Abramson, S., Altman, RD, Arden, N., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Brandt, KD, Croft, P., Doherty, M., Dougados , M., Hochberg, M., Hunter, DJ, Kwoh, K., Lohmander, LS, iyo Tugwell, P. OARSI talooyin ku saabsan maareynta sinta iyo jilibka osteoarthritis, Qaybta II: OARSI caddayn ku saleysan, tilmaamaha isku raacsan ee khibradda leh. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2008; 16: 137-162. Eeg aragti
  104. Rainer, G., Stifter, E., Luksch, A., and Menapace, R. Isbarbardhigga saameynta Viscoat iyo DuoVisc ee cadaadiska gudaha intoocular kadib qalliinka indho-fiiqista yar. J.Cataract Refract.Surg. 2008; 34: 253-257. Eeg aragti
  105. Laroche, L., Arrata, M., Brasseur, G., Lagoutte, F., Le Mer, Y., Lumbroso, P., Mercante, M., Normand, F., Rigal, D., Roncin, S. , iyo. [Daaweynta cilladda indhaha ee qalalan oo leh jellar lacrimal: daraasad ballaadhan oo kala duwan] J Fr.Ophtalmol. 1991; 14: 321-326. Eeg aragti
  106. Conte, A., de Bernardi, M., Palmieri, L., Lualdi, P., Mautone, G., iyo Ronca, G. Qaddarka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka chondroitin sulfate ee ku jira nin. Arzneimittelforschung. 1991; 41: 768-772. Eeg aragti
  107. Bana, G., Jamard, B., Verrouil, E., iyo Mazieres, B. Chondroitin sulfate ee maareynta sinta iyo jilibka osteoarthritis: aragti guud. Adv.Pharmacol. 2006; 53: 507-522. Eeg aragti
  108. Mazieres, B., Hucher, M., Zaim, M., iyo Garnero, P. Saamaynta chondroitin sulphate ee jilibka osteoarthritis ee astaamaha ah: daraasad ballaadhan, kala-soocid ah, laba-indhoole, daraasad xakameyn ah. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 639-645. Eeg aragti
  109. Braun, W. A., Flynn, M. G., Armstrong, W. J., iyo Jacks, D. D. Saamaynta ku-darka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka 'chondroitin sulfate' ee ku saabsan tusmooyinka dhaawaca muruqa ee ay keeneen jimicsiga gacanta eccentric. J.Sports Med.Phys. Jiritaanka 2005; 45: 553-560. Eeg aragti
  110. Michel, BA, Stucki, G., Frey, D., De, Vathaire F., Vignon, E., Bruehlmann, P., iyo Uebelhart, D. Chondroitins 4 iyo 6 sulfate ee osteoarthritis ee jilibka: kala sooc, xakameyn tijaabo. Arthritis Rheum. 2005; 52: 779-786. Eeg aragti
  111. Rovetta, G., Monteforte, P., Molfetta, G., iyo Balestra, V. Daraasad laba sano ah oo ku saabsan chondroitin sulfate oo ku jirta lafa-beelka osteoarthritis ee gacmaha: dabeecadda nabaad-guurka, osteophytes, xanuunka iyo gacanta oo aan shaqeynin. Daawooyinka Exp Clin Res 2004; 30: 11-16. Eeg aragti
  112. Mathieu, P. [Horumarka shucaaca ee femoro-tibial osteoarthritis gudaha gonarthrosis. Saamaynta Chondro-ilaalinta ee chondroitin sulfates ACS4-ACS6]. Presse Med 9-14-2002; 31: 1386-1390. Eeg aragti
  113. Volpi, N. bioavailability afka ah ee chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) iyo xubnaheeda ku jira mutadawiciin lab ah oo caafimaad qaba. Cudurka Osteoarthritis. Cartilage. 2002; 10: 768-777. Eeg aragti
  114. Rovetta, G., Monteforte, P., Molfetta, G., iyo Balestra, V. Chondroitin sulfate oo ku jirta jeexjeexa osteoarthritis ee gacmaha. Int J Cufnaanta Falcelinta. 2002; 24: 29-32. Eeg aragti
  115. Steinhoff, G., Ittah, B., iyo Rowan, S. Waxtarka chondroitin sulfate 0.2% ee daaweynta cystitis interstitial. Ma J Urol 2002; 9: 1454-1458. Eeg aragti
  116. O'Rourke, M. Go'aaminta waxtarka glucosamine iyo chondroitin ee osteoarthritis. Kalkaaliye Caafimaad 2001; 26: 44-52. Eeg aragti
  117. [Saamaynta waxtarka leh ee Chondrosulf 400 ee xanuunka iyo shaqada qotodheer ee arthrosis: falanqaynta maadada]. Prese Med 2000; 29 (Qalabka 27): 19-20. Eeg aragti
  118. [Daraasad fara badan oo yurub ah oo ku saabsan waxtarka chondroitin sulfate ee gonarthrosis: muuqaal cusub oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka bayoolaji iyo shucaaca]. Presse Med 2000; 29 (Qalabka 27): 15-18. Eeg aragti
  119. Alekseeva, L. I., Benevolenskaia, L. I., Nasonov, E. L., Chichasova, N. V., iyo Kariakin, A. N. [Structum (chondroitin sulfate) - wakiilka cusub ee daaweynta cudurka osteoarthrosis]. Ter.Arkh. 1999; 71: 51-53. Eeg aragti
  120. Schwartz SR, Park J. Cunitaanka BioCell Collagen, oo ah sheeko soosaarida carjawda 'sternal cartilage' ee sheeko-biyoodka leh; microcirculation dhiigga oo kor loo qaaday iyo calaamadaha gabowga wajiga oo yaraaday. Da'da Clin Interv. 2012; 7: 267-273. Eeg aragti
  121. Schauss AG, Stenehjem J, Park J, Endres JR, Clewell A. Saameynta miisaanka yar ee maadada molecular ee laga soosaaray cartilage digaagga, BioCell Collagen, oo ku saabsan hagaajinta astaamaha la xiriira osteoarthritis: kala-soocid, indho-indhoole, tijaabinta xakamaynta placebo. J Beeraha Cuntada. 2012; 60: 4096-4101. Eeg aragti
  122. Kalman DS, Schwartz HI, Pachon J, Sheldon E, Almada AL. Tijaabinta tijaabada tijaabada ah ee laba-cirifoodka ah ee la kala sooco oo lagu qiimeeyo amniga iyo waxtarka nooca kolajka ah ee loo yaqaan 'hydrolyzed collagen' II ee dadka waaweyn ee qaba osteoarthritis. FASEB Tijaabada Biology 2004 Abstracts, Washington DC, Abriil 17-21, 2004; A90.
  123. Verges J, Montell E, Herrero M, iyo al. Hagaajinta bukaan socodka iyo taariikh-nololeedka ee cudurka 'psoriasis' oo leh afka chondroitin sulfate: helitaanka serendipitous. Dermatol Online J 2005; 11: 31. Eeg aragti
  124. Burke S, Sonkor J, Farber MD. Isbarbardhigga saameynta labo walxaha viscoelastic, Healon iyo Viscoat on cadaadiska intraocular postoperative ka dib markii uu dhex galay keratoplasty. Indhaha Surg 1990; 21: 821-6. Eeg aragti
  125. Zhang YX, Dong W, Liu H, iyo al. Saamaynta chondroitin sulfate iyo glucosamine ee bukaanka qaangaarka ah ee qaba cudurka Kashin-Beck. Clin Rheumatol 2010; 29: 357-62. Eeg aragti
  126. Gauruder-Burmester A, Popken G. La socoshada 24 bilood ka dib daaweynta kaadiheysta firfircoonaanta leh 0.2% sodium chondroitin sulfate. Aktuelle Urol 2009; 40: 355-9. Eeg aragti
  127. Uebelhart D, Knussel O, Theiler R. Waxtarka iyo u dulqaadashada avian chondroitin sulfate ee jilibka xanuun osteoarthritis [abstract]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1999; 129: 1174.
  128. Leeb BF, Petera P, Neumann K. Natiijooyinka daraasado badan oo kala duwan oo ku saabsan chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) ayaa loo adeegsadaa arthrosis ee farta, jilibka iyo kala goysyada miskaha. Wien Med Wochenschr 1996; 146: 609-14. Eeg aragti
  129. Gabay C, Medinger-Sadowski C, Gascon D, iyo al. Saamaynta astaamaha ee chondroitin 4 iyo chondroitin 6 sulfate on gacanta osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-control clinical trial at a single center. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63: 3383-91. Eeg aragti
  130. Yue QY, Strandell J, Myrberg O. Isticmaalka isku-dhafan ee glucosamine wuxuu saameyn ku yeelan karaa saameynta warfarin. Xarunta Dabagalka Uppsala. Waxaa laga heli karaa: www.who-umc.org/graphics/9722.pdf (Waxaa la soo galay 28 Abriil 2008).
  131. Knudsen J, Sokol GH. Isdhexgalka glucosamine-warfarin ee suurtagalka ah ee keena kordhinta saamiga caalamiga ah ee caadiga ah: Warbixinta kiiska iyo dib u eegista suugaanta iyo xogta MedWatch. Farmasiga daaweynta 2008; 28: 540-8. Eeg aragti
  132. Reichenbach S, Sterchi R, Scherer M, iyo al. Falanqaynta Meta: chondroitin ee osteoarthritis ee jilibka ama sinta. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 580-90. Eeg aragti
  133. Messier SP, Mihalko S, Loeser RF, iyo al. Glucosamine / chondroitin oo lagu daro jimicsi loogu talagalay daaweynta jilibka osteoarthritis: daraasad horudhac ah. Gawaarida Osteoarthritis 2007; 15: 1256-66. Eeg aragti
  134. Kahan A. STOPP (Wax ka ogaanshaha ka hortagga cudurka osteoarthritis): tijaabo cusub oo labo sano ah oo ay la socoto chondroitin 4 & 6 sulfate (CS). Waxaa laga heli karaa: www.ibsa-ch.com/eular_2006_amsterdam_vignon-2.pdf (Waxaa la galey 25 Abriil 2007).
  135. Huang J, Olivenstein R, Taha R, et al. Kordhinta ku-xirnaanta borotoklycan ee darbiga marin-haweedka xiiqda atopic. Am J Respir Daryeelka Daryeelka Caafimaadka 1999; 160: 725-9. Eeg aragti
  136. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Harris CL, iyo al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, iyo labada isku dhafan ee jilibka osteoarthritis xanuun leh. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 795-808. Eeg aragti
  137. Uebelhart D, Malaise M, Marcolongo R, et al. Daaweynta kala-goysyada ah ee osteoarthritis jilibka leh chondroitin sulfate afka: Hal sano, kala soocid, laba-indhoole, daraasado badan oo kala duwan oo ka soo horjeeda placebo. Gawaarida osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004; 12: 269-76. Eeg aragti
  138. Sakko AJ, Ricciardelli C, Mayne K, iyo al. Is-beddelka ku-xirnaanta unugyada kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' ee jaantuska by versican. Kansarka Kansarka 2003; 63: 4786-91. Eeg aragti
  139. Rozenfeld V, Crain JL, Callahan AK. Kordhinta suurtagalka ah ee saameynta warfarin ee glucosamine-chondroitin. Am J Caafimaadka Syst Pharm 2004; 61: 306-307. Eeg aragti
  140. Di Caro A, Perola E, Bartolini B, iyo al. Jajabka kiimikada galactosaminoglycan sulphates ayaa xakameynaya seddex fayras oo daboolan: fayraska bini'aadamka ee difaaca jirka nooca 1, fayraska herpes simplex nooca 1 iyo cytomegalovirus aadanaha. Antivir Chem Chemother 1999; 10: 33-8 .. Arag soo koob.
  141. Danao-Camara T. Dhibaatooyinka ka imaan kara daaweynta ee glucosamine iyo chondroitin. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43: 2853. Eeg aragti
  142. Cohen M, Wolfe R, Mai T, Lewis D. Waa la kala soocay, indhoole labalaab ah, tijaabinta placebo ee kareem la mariyo oo ay kujiraan glycosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, iyo kaafuur osteoarthritis ee jilibka. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 523-8 .. Eeg aragti aan la taaban karin.
  143. Baici A, Horler D, Moser B, iyo al. Falanqaynta glycosaminoglycans ee serum bini'aadamka ka dib markii maamulka afka ee chondroitin sulfate. Rheumatol Int 1992; 12: 81-8 .. Arag soo koob.
  144. Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, iyo al. Waxtarka qaabdhismeedka iyo astaamaha ee glucosamine iyo chondroitin ee osteoarthritis jilibka: falanqayn qaabeed oo dhammaystiran. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 1514-22. Eeg aragti
  145. Henry-Launois B. Qiimeynta isticmaalka saameynta dhaqaale ee Chondrosulf 400 ee ku dhaqanka caafimaadka ee hadda jira. Qeyb ka mid ah Talaabooyinka Cilmi-baarista Cilmi-baarista ee lagu qabtay XIth EULAR Symposium: Hababka cusub ee OA: Chondroitin sulfate (CS 4 & 6) maahan oo keliya daaweyn calaamadeysan. Geneva, 1998.
  146. Verbruggen G, Goemaere S, Veys EM. Nidaamyo lagu qiimeeyo horumarka farta lafa-wadaha osteoarthritis iyo saameynta cudurka wax ka beddelka daawooyinka osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2002; 21: 231-43. Eeg aragti
  147. Tallia AF, Cardone DA. Xiiqda neefta oo la xiriirta dheellitirka glucosamine-chondroitin. J Am Board Fam Pract 2002; 15: 481-4 .. Eeg aragti aan la taaban karin.
  148. Ricciardelli C, Quinn DI, Raymond WA, iyo al. Heerarka sare ee peritumoral chondroitin sulfate ayaa saadaal u ah saadaalinta liidata ee bukaanada lagu daaweeyo qanjirka 'prostatectomy' ee loogu talagalay kansarka qanjirka 'prostate' marxaladda hore Kansarka Kansarka 1999; 59: 2324-8. Eeg aragti
  149. Ylisastigui L, Bakri Y, Amzazi S, iyo al. Glycosaminoglycans soluble ha awood u siin RANTES waxqabadka antiviral ee ku saabsan infekshinka macrophages aasaasiga ah ee nooca fayraska difaaca jirka ee aadanaha 1. Virology 2000; 278: 412-22. Eeg aragti
  150. Adebowale AO, Cox DS, Liang Z, et al. Falanqaynta waxyaabaha kujira glucosamine iyo chondroitin sulfate ee alaabada suuq geynta ah iyo marinka Caco-2 ee alaabta ceyriinka ah ee chondroitin sulfate. JANA 2000; 3: 37-44.
  151. Cao LC, Boeve ER, de Bruijn WC, iyo al. Glycosaminoglycans iyo polysaccharides semisynthetic sulfis: aragti guud oo ku saabsan codsigooda suurtagalka ah ee daaweynta bukaanka qaba urolithiasis. Cudurrada 1997; 50: 173-83. Eeg aragti
  152. Morrison LM. Daaweynta cudurka wadnaha ee wadnaha ee wadnaha oo leh chondroitin sulfate-A: warbixinta hordhaca ah. J Am Geriatr Soc 1968; 16: 779-85. Eeg aragti
  153. Morrison LM, Bajwa GS, Alfin-Slater RB, Ershoff BH. Ka-hortagga nabarrada xididdada dhiigga ee chondroitin sulfate A ee halbowlayaasha wadnaha iyo aorta jiirka oo ay keento hypervitaminosis D, cuntada ay ku jirto kolestaroolka. Atherosclerosis 1972; 16: 105-18. Eeg aragti
  154. Mazieres B, Combe B, Phan Van A, et al. Chondroitin sulfate ee osteoarthritis ee jilibka: rajo, indhoole labalaab ah, placebo xakameynaya daraasad caafimaad oo badan. J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 173-81. Eeg aragti
  155. Das A Jr, Hammad TA. Wax ku oolnimada isku darka FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 miisaanka molikalikada hooseeya ee sodium chondroitin sulfate iyo manganese ascorbate ee maaraynta jilibka osteoarthritis. Gawaarida Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2000; 8: 343-50. Eeg aragti
  156. Guddiga Cuntada iyo Nafaqada, Machadka Daawada. Tixraacyada Cunnooyinka ee laga helayo Fitamiin A, Faytamiin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, iyo Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. Waxaa laga heli karaa: www.nap.edu/books/0309072794/html/.
  157. Pipitone VR. Chondroprotection oo leh chondroitin sulfate. Daawooyinka Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 3-7. Eeg aragti
  158. Leffler CT, Philippi AF, Leffler SG, iyo al. Glucosamine, chondroitin, iyo manganese ascorbate oo loogu talagalay cudurka wadajirka ah ee wadajirka ah ee jilibka ama dhabarka hoose: daraasad tijaabo ah oo la kala soocay, laba-indhoole ah. Mil Med 1999; 164: 85-91. Eeg aragti
  159. Silvestro L, Lanzarotti E, Marchi E, et al. Farmashiyeyaasha bini'aadamka ee glycosaminoglycans iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha summada leh iyo kuwa aan calaamadeysneyn: caddeyn u ah nuugista afka. Semin Thromb Hemost 1994; 20: 281-92. Eeg aragti
  160. Conte A, Volpi N, Palmieri L, iyo al. Waxyaabaha kiimikada iyo farmasokokinikada ee daaweynta afka ee chondroitin sulfate. Arzneimittelforschung 1995; 45: 918-25. Eeg aragti
  161. Ronca F, Palmieri L, Panicucci P, iyo al. Waxqabadka anti-bararka ee chondroitin sulfate. Gawaarida Cudurka Osteoarthritis 1998; 6 Qalabka A: 14-21. Eeg aragti
  162. Andermann G, Dietz M. Saameynta dariiqa maamulka ee bioavailability ee macromolecule endogenous: chondroitin sulphate (CSA). Eur J Daroogada Metab Pharmacokinet 1982; 7: 11-6. Eeg aragti
  163. Conte A, de Bernardi M, Palmieri L, iyo al. Qaddarka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka chondroitin sulfate ka baxsan nin. Arzneimittelforschung 1991; 41: 768-72. Eeg aragti
  164. McAlindon TE, LaValley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. Glucosamine iyo chondroitin oo loogu talagalay daaweynta cudurka osteoarthritis: qiimeyn tayo leh oo nidaamsan iyo falanqayn meta ah. JAMA 2000; 283: 1469-75. Eeg aragti
  165. Limberg MB, McCaa C, Kissling GE, Kaufman HE. Isticmaalka jirka la mariyo ee hyaluronic acid iyo chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta indhaha qalalan. Am J Ophthalmol 1987; 103: 194-7. Eeg aragti
  166. Kelly GS. Doorka glycosamine sulfate iyo chondroitin sulfates ee daaweynta cudurka wadajirka ah ee xumaada. Beddelka 'Med Med' 1998; 3: 27-39. Eeg aragti
  167. Bucsi L, Poor G. Waxtarka iyo dulqaadka loo yaqaan 'chondroitin sulfate' oo ah astaamo astaamo gaabis ah oo loogu talagalay cudurka osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) ee daaweynta jilibka osteoarthritis. Gawaarida osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6 Qalabka A: 31-6. Eeg aragti
  168. Bourgeois P, Chales G, Dehais J, et al. Wax ku oolnimada iyo dulqaadashada chondroitin sulfate 1200 mg / maalin vs chondroitin sulfate 3 x 400 mg / maalin vs placebo. Gawaarida Cudurka Osteoarthritis 1998; 6: 25-30. Eeg aragti
  169. Uebelhart D, Thonar EJ, Delmas PD, et al. Saamaynta afka chondroitin sulfate ee horumarka jilibka osteoarthritis: daraasad tijaabo ah. Gawaarida osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6: 39-46. Eeg aragti
  170. Morrison LM, Enrick N. Wadne xanuunka: dhimista heerka dhimashada chondroitin sulfate A. Angiology 1973; 24: 269-87. Eeg aragti
  171. Lewis CJ. Warqad kucelcelinaysa walaacyada caafimaadka bulshada iyo amniga qaarkood shirkadaha soosaarida ama soo dajinta nafaqada ee ay kujiraan unugyo gogol gaar ah.FDA. Waxaa laga heli karaa: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html.
  172. Leeb BF, Schweitzer H, Montag K, Smolen JS. Falanqayn meta ah oo ku saabsan chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta cudurka osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 205-11. Eeg aragti
  173. Bagasra O, Whittle P, Heins B, Pomerantz RJ. Nooca 1 ee fayraska ka hortagga bini-aadamka difaaca jirka ee monosaccharides: isbarbardhigga polysaccharides iyo polyions kale. J Cudurka faafa 1991; 164: 1082-90. Eeg aragti
  174. Jurkiewicz E, Panse P, Jentsch KD, iyo al. In vitro anti-HIV-1 waxqabadka chondroitin polysulphate. AIDS-ka 1989; 3: 423-7. Eeg aragti
  175. Chavez ML. Glucosamine sulfate iyo chondroitin sulfates. Hosp Pharm 1997; 32: 1275-85.
  176. Mazieres B, Loyau G, Menkes CJ, et al. [Chondroitin sulfate ee daaweynta gonarthrosis iyo coxarthrosis. 5-bilood natiijada ka soo baxda daraasad badan oo laba-indhoole ah oo laba-indhoole ah oo la xakameynayo iyadoo la adeegsanayo placebo]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1992; 59: 466-72. Eeg aragti
  177. Conrozier T. [Daaweynta anti-arthrosis: waxtarka iyo dulqaadka chondroitin sulfates]. Presse Med 1998; 27: 1862-5. Eeg aragti
  178. Morreale P, Manopulo R, Galati M, et al. Isbarbardhiga waxtarka anti-bararka ee chondroitin sulfate iyo diclofenac sodium ee bukaanka qaba osteoarthritis jilibka. J Rheumatol 1996; 23: 1385-91. Eeg aragti
Markii ugu dambeysay ee dib loo eegay - 02/20/2020

Maqaallada Adiga

Dhibcaha Indhaha ee Guriga Lagu Sameeyo: Khataraha, Faa'iidooyinka, iyo Inbadan

Dhibcaha Indhaha ee Guriga Lagu Sameeyo: Khataraha, Faa'iidooyinka, iyo Inbadan

Waxaan ku darnaa badeecooyin aan u maleyneyno inay faa'iido u leeyihiin akhri tayaa hayada. Haddii aad wax kaga iib ato xiriiriyeyaa ha ku yaal boggan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaan ka bano komi han yar...
Tilmaamahaaga Cudurrada Coccobacilli

Tilmaamahaaga Cudurrada Coccobacilli

Waa maxay coccobacilli?Coccobacilli waa nooc bakteeriya ah oo u eg ulaha aadka u gaaban ama oval.Magaca "coccobacilli" waa i ku darka ereyada "cocci" iyo "bacilli." Cocc...