Dhamaan Waxyaabaha Ku Saabsan Superbugs-ka iyo Sida Looga Badbaadiyo Naftooda

Qanacsan

• Waa maxay superbugs?
• Waa kuwee superbugs-yada ugu walwalka badan?
• Hanjabaado deg deg ah
• Hanjabaado culus
• Ku saabsan hanjabaadaha
• Waa maxay astaamaha infekshanka superbug?
• Ayaa halis ugu jira inuu ku dhaco infekshinka superbug?
• Sidee loo daaweeyaa infekshinka weyn?
• Saynis cusub oo kahortaga superbugs
• Sidee uga hortagi kartaa infekshinka superbug?
• Goorta la arko dhakhtar
• Qaadashada furaha

Superbug. Sanqadhaha sida sharwadayaasha kor u kaca ah ee adduunka oo dhan majaajillada ah waa inay u midoobaan inay ka adkaadaan.

Mararka qaarkood - sida marka cinwaannada cinwaannada ay ku dhawaaqaan dillaac la yaab leh oo u hanjabaya xarun caafimaad oo weyn - sharraxaaddaas waxay u muuqataa mid sax ah.

Laakiin sayniska hadda jiraa muxuu ka qabaa awoodaha iyo u nuglaanshaha bakteeriyadaan? Oo xaggee ku jirnaa dagaalka aan ku xakameyneyno cadeymahan yar yar ee u muuqda kuwa aan lagaran karin?

Sii wad akhriska si aad wax badan uga ogaato waxyaabaha waaweyn, khataraha ay keenayaan, iyo sida aad uga badbaadi lahayd iyaga.

Waa maxay superbugs?

Superbug waa magac kale oo loogu talagalay bakteeriyada ama fungi-ga soo saaray awood u leh inuu iska caabiyo daawooyinka sida caadiga ah loo qoro.

Sida laga soo xigtay, oo ay daabacday Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC), in ka badan 2.8 milyan oo infekshan u adkaysta daawada ayaa sannad kasta ka dhaca Maraykanka, in ka badan 35,000 oo ka mid ahna waa dilaa.

Waa kuwee superbugs-yada ugu walwalka badan?

Warbixinta CDC waxay qortay 18 bakteeriya iyo fungi oo khatar ku ah caafimaadka aadanaha, iyaga oo loo kala saarayo midkood:

• degdeg ah
• culus
• ku saabsan hanjabaadaha

Waxaa ka mid ah:

Hanjabaado deg deg ah

• Carbapenem-u adkaysta
• Clostridioides oo dhib badan
• Enterobacteriaceae oo u adkeysata Carbapenem
• Daawada u adkaysta Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Hanjabaado culus

• Daawada u adkaysta Campylobacter
• Daawada u adkaysta Candida
• Soosaarida ESBL ee 'Enterobacteriaceae'
• Vancomycin-u adkaysta Enterococci (VRE)
• Dawooyin badan u adkaysta Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Daroogada u adkeysata nontyphoidal Salmonella
• Daawada u adkaysta Salmonella serotype Typhi
• Daawada u adkaysta Shigella
• Methicillin-adkeysi Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
• Daawada u adkaysta Cudurka 'pneumoniae' ee loo yaqaan 'Stptoptoccus pneumoniae'
• Qaaxada daawada u adkeysata

Ku saabsan hanjabaadaha

• Erythromycin-u adkaysta
• Clindamycin-u adkaysta

Waa maxay astaamaha infekshanka superbug?

Dadka qaarkiis, ku dhaca cudurka superbug wax calaamado ah haba yaraatee ma laha. Markay dadka caafimaadka qaba jeermiska qaadaan iyagoo aan calaamado lahayn, waxay qaadi karaan dadka nugul iyaga oo aan xitaa ogaan.

N. gonorrhoeae, tusaale ahaan, waa bakteeriya lagu kala qaado galmada oo badiyaa la ogaado sababtoo ah ma keento astaamo isla markiiba.

Haddii aan la daaweynin, si kastaba ha noqotee, jabtadu waxay dhaawici kartaa nidaamkaaga neerfaha iyo wadnaha. Waxay sababi kartaa madhalaysnimo iyo uur ku dhaca ilmo galeenka, taasoo nafta halis gelin karta.

Dhawaan, waxay u xuubsiibtay inay u adkeysato daaweynta cephalosporin, antibiyootiko mar ahaan jirtay heerka dahabka ee lagu dilo noolaha.

Marka infekshinnada superbug ay yeeshaan astaamo, way kala duwanaan karaan waxayna kuxirantahay noolaha kugu soo duulaya. Calaamadaha caamka ah ee cudurka faafa waxaa ka mid ah:

• qandho
• daal
• shuban
• qufacid
• jir xanuun

Calaamadaha infekshanka Superbug waxay u egyihiin astaamaha cudurada kale. Farqiga ayaa ah in astaamaha aysan ka jawaabin antibiyootikada iyo daawooyinka antifungal.

Ayaa halis ugu jira inuu ku dhaco infekshinka superbug?

Qof kastaa wuu qaadi karaa infakshan weyn, xitaa dadka dhallinta yar ee caafimaad qaba. Waxaad halis dheeraad ah ugu jirtaa infekshinka haddii habkaaga difaaca uu daciifay jirro joogto ah ama daaweynta kansarka.

Haddii aad ka shaqeysid ama aad dhawaan daaweyn ka heshay isbitaal, bukaan-socod, ama xarun dhaqan-celin, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la kulantay bakteeriya aad ugu badan goobaha daryeelka caafimaadka.

Haddii aad ka shaqeyso xarun ama warshadaha beeraha, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la kulanto superbugs inta aad ku guda jirto shaqadaada.

Qaar ka mid ah superbugs-yada waa cunno, sidaa darteed waxaad halis ugu jirtaa infekshin haddii aad cuntay cunno wasakhaysan ama alaab ka timid xayawaanno.

Sidee loo daaweeyaa infekshinka weyn?

Haddii aad qabtid infekshin superbug ah, daaweyntaadu waxay ku xirnaan doontaa bakteeriyada ama fungi ee keena infekshanka.

Dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu jirkaaga uga soo diro sheybaarka sheybaarka si farsamayaqaanada shaybaarku ay u go'aamiyaan dawada antibiyootikada ama daawada antifungal ee waxtarka u leh superbug-ka kugu keenaya xanuunka.

Saynis cusub oo kahortaga superbugs

Cilmi-baarista infekshanka u adkeysata dawadu waa mudnaan deg-deg ah oo adduunka oo dhan ah. Kuwani waa laba ka mid ah horumarro badan oo laga sameeyay dagaalka lagula jiro cayayaankaas.

• Baarayaasha Jaamacadda Switzerland ee Lausanne waxay heleen 46 daroogo ah oo xajiya Cudurka 'pneumoniae' ee loo yaqaan 'Stptoptoccus pneumoniae' ka-soo-galidda dawlad loo yaqaan "karti," taas oo ay ku qaban karto walxaha hidda-socodka ee dul sabeynaya deegaankeeda una adeegsanayso inay isku beddesho iska caabin. Daawooyinka, oo ah kuwa aan sunta lahayn, xeryahooda ay ansixisay FDA, ayaa u oggolaanaya unugyada bakteeriyada inay ku noolaadaan laakiin waxay ka hortagaan inay soo saaraan peptides-ka kiciya xaaladda kartida horumarineed. Ilaa hadda, daawooyinkani waxay ka shaqeeyeen moodellada jiirka iyo unugyada aadanaha ee xaaladaha shaybaarka. Xiriirinta cilmi baarista ee kor lagu soo qaaday waxaa ku jira fiidiyoow sharrax ah.
• Cilmi baaris laga sameeyay Jaamacadda Queensland, Australia ayaa muujisay in 30 xeryood oo ay ku jiraan lacag, zinc, manganese, iyo macdano kale ay wax ku ool ka ahaayeen ugu yaraan hal culeys bakteeriya, oo mid ka mid ah uu ahaa u adkaysta methicillin-da Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Warbixinadu waxay tilmaamayaan 23 ka mid ah 30-ka xeryood inaan horay loo soo sheegin.

Sidee uga hortagi kartaa infekshinka superbug?

Iyadoo u hanjabaad u ah sida superbugsku u dhawaaqayo, waxaa jira qaabab aad naftaada iyo tan qoyskaaga uga ilaalin karto inaad ku dhacdo mid. CDC aad:

• gacmahaaga si fiican u dhaq
• reerkaaga talaal
• u isticmaal antibiyootiko si macquul ah
• taxaddar gaar ah ka yeelo xayawaanka
• ku tababbaran diyaarinta cuntada aaminka ah
• galmada ku tababarto cinjirka galmada ama qaab kale oo carqalad ah
• dhakhso u raadi daryeel caafimaad haddii aad ka shakido infekshin
• nabarrada nadiifi
• si fiican u daryeesho naftaada haddii aad leedahay cudur raaga

Goorta la arko dhakhtar

Haddii dhakhtarkaagu kaa daaweynayo infekshin laakiin astaamahaagu ma hagaagayaan ka dib markaad daawada dhamaysato, waa inaad isla markiiba la socotaa dhakhtarkaaga.

Xirfadlayaasha daryeelka caafimaadka ee Mayo Clinic waxay kugula talinayaan inaad booqato dhakhtarkaaga haddii:

• neefsashada ayaa dhib kugu ah
• waxaad qufacaysay muddo ka badan toddobaad
• waxaad leedahay madax xanuun xun, qoorta oo xanuun iyo qallafsanaan, oo ay weheliso qandho
• waxaad tahay qof weyn oo qandho ka weyn 103 ° F (39.4 ° C)
• waxaad ku abuurtaa dhibaato lama filaan ah araggaaga
• waxaad leedahay finan ama barar
• xayawaan baa kaa qaniinay

Qaadashada furaha

Superbugs waa bakteeriya ama fungi soo saaray awood ay ugu babac dhigaan daawooyinka sida caadiga ah loo qoro.

Superbug weyn wuu ku dhici karaa qof kasta, laakiin dadka qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inay leeyihiin halista ugu badan ee infekshan sababtoo ah waxay la kulmeen superbugs-ka xarun caafimaad ama waxay leeyihiin awood difaac daciif ah sababtoo ah jirro joogto ah.

Dadka ka shaqeeya xarumaha caafimaadka xoolaha ama hareeraha xayawaanka, gaar ahaan beeraha, ayaa waliba halis weyn ku jira.

Waa suurtagal in la qaado superbug adiga oo aan lahayn astaamo. Haddii aad leedahay calaamado, way kala duwanaan doonaan iyadoo ku xiran hadba caabuqa aad qaaday.

Haddii calaamadahaagu aysan ka jawaabin daaweynta, waxaa laga yaabaa inay tahay sababtoo ah waxaa kugu dhacay superbug daroogada u adkaysta.

Waxaad iskaga difaaci kartaa infekshinka adoo:

• ku dhaqma nadaafad wanaagsan
• si taxaddar leh u isticmaalaya antibiyootiko
• is tallaalayo
• helitaanka gargaar caafimaad si dhakhso leh haddii aad u malaynayso inaad cudurka qabtid