Parathyroid hyperplasia

Parathyroid hyperplasia waa balaadhinta dhammaan 4 qanjirrada parathyroid. Qanjirrada 'parathyroid' waxay ku yaalliin qoorta, ku dhow ama ku dheggan dhinaca dambe ee qanjirka 'thyroid'.

Qanjirka 'parathyroid' wuxuu caawiyaa xakameynta isticmaalka kaalshiyamka iyo ka saarista jirka. Waxay tan ku sameeyaan iyagoo soo saaraya hormoonka parathyroid (PTH). PTH waxay caawisaa xakamaynta kalsiyum, fosfooraska, iyo fitamiin D-ga dhiiga kujira waxayna muhiim u tahay lafaha caafimaadka qaba.

Parathyroid hyperplasia wuxuu ku dhici karaa dadka aan lahayn taariikh qoys ee cudurka, ama qayb ka mid ah 3 cudurrada la iska dhaxlo:

• Noocyo badan oo endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I)
• RAGA IIA
• Kala-soocsanaanta qoyska ee 'hyperparathyroidism'

Dadka qaba cilladda dhaxalka, hiddo-wadaha la beddelay (mutated) ayaa loo gudbiyaa qoyska. Waxaad u baahan tahay oo keliya inaad ka hesho hidda-wadaha hal waalid si loo horumariyo xaaladda.

• MEN I, dhibaatooyinka qanjirada 'parathyroid' ayaa dhaca, iyo sidoo kale burooyinka qanjirka 'pituitary gland' iyo 'pancreas'.
• MEN IIA, xad-dhaafka qanjirada 'parathyroid qanjidhada' ayaa dhaca, oo ay weheliyaan burooyinka qanjirka 'adrenal' ama 'qanjirka' thyroid '.

Parathyroid hyperplasia oo aan qayb ka ahayn cilladda la iska dhaxlo ayaa aad u badan. Waxay ku dhacdaa xaalado kale oo caafimaad awgood. Xaaladaha ugu badan ee sababi kara parathyroid hyperplasia waa cudurada kalyaha ee joogtada ah iyo fitamiin D yaraanta joogtada ah. Labada xaaladoodba, qanjidhada 'parathyroid' way sii weynaanayaan maxaa yeelay fitamiin D iyo kaalshiyamku aad ayey u hooseeyaan.

Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Jabka lafaha ama xanuunka lafaha
• Calool fadhiga
• Tamar la’aan
• Murqo xanuun
• Lallabbo

Tijaabooyin dhiig ayaa la qaadi doonaa si loo hubiyo heerarka:

• Kaalshiyamka
• Fosfoor
• Magnesium
• PTH
• Vitamin D
• Shaqada kilyaha (Creatinine, BUN)

Tijaabin kaadi ah oo 24-saac ah ayaa la samayn karaa si loo ogaado inta kaalshiyam ah ee jirka looga sifeeyo kaadida.

Raajooyinka lafaha iyo baaritaanka cufnaanta lafaha (DXA) ayaa kaa caawin kara ogaanshaha jabka, luminta lafaha, iyo jilicsanaanta lafaha. Ultrasound iyo CT scans ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu sameeyo si loo arko qanjidhada parathyroid ee qoorta.

Haddii parathyroid hyperplasia ay sabab u tahay cudur kalyaha ah ama heerka fitamiin D-ga oo goor hore la helo, takhtarkaagu wuxuu kugula talin karaa inaad qaadato fitamiin D, daawooyinka u eg fiitamiin D, iyo daawooyinka kale.

Qalliinka waxaa badanaa la sameeyaa marka qanjidhada 'parathyroid' ay soo saaraan PTH aad u badan oo keena calaamado. Badanaa 3 1/2 qanjirro ayaa la soo saaraa. Nudaha hadhay ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu beero muruqa hore ama muruqa qoorta. Tani waxay u oggolaaneysaa gelitaanka fudud ee unugyada haddii astaamuhu soo noqdaan. Cadkaan ayaa loo beeray si looga hortago in jirka uu yeesho wax aad u yar oo ah PTH, taasoo sababi karta heerarka kaalshiyamka oo hooseeya (laga bilaabo hypoparathyroidism).

Qalliinka ka dib, heerka kaalshiyamka oo sareeya wuu sii jiri karaa ama soo noqon karaa. Qalliinku wuxuu mararka qaarkood sababi karaa hypoparathyroidism, taasoo ka dhigaysa heerka kaalshiyamka dhiigga mid aad u hooseeya.

Parathyroid hyperplasia wuxuu sababi karaa hyperparathyroidism, taasoo keenta kororka heerka kaalshiyamka dhiigga.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid ah kaalshiyamka ku kordha kilyaha, oo sababi kara dhagaxaanta kalyaha, iyo osteitis fibrosa cystica (meel jilicsan oo jilicsan oo lafaha ku jirta).

Qalitaanku wuxuu mararka qaarkood dhaawici karaa neerfaha xakameynaya xadhkaha codka. Tani waxay saameyn ku yeelan kartaa xoogga codkaaga.

Dhibaatooyinku waxay ka imaan karaan burooyinka kale ee qayb ka ah cilladaha MEN.

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii:

• Waxaad qabtaa wax calaamado ah oo ah 'hypercalcemia'
• Waxaad leedahay taariikh qoys oo ah cudurka MEN syndrome

Haddii aad taariikh qoys ku leedahay MEN syndromes, waxaad u baahan kartaa in lagaa qaado baaritaanka hidda-socodka si loo hubiyo hidda-wadaha cilladaysan. Kuwa qaba hiddo-wadaha cilladaysan waxay yeelan karaan baaritaanno baaritaan joogto ah si loo ogaado astaamo kasta oo hore.

Qanjirrada parathyroid ee la balaadhiyay; Cudurka osteoporosis - parathyroid hyperplasia; Lafaha khafiifinta - parathyroid hyperplasia; Osteopenia - parathyroid hyperplasia; Heerka kaalshiyamka sare - parathyroid hyperplasia; Cudurka kelyaha ee joogtada ah - parathyroid hyperplasia; Kellida hawlgab - parathyroid hyperplasia; Dhaqdhaqaaqa firfircoon ee parathyroid - parathyroid hyperplasia

• Qanjirada 'Endocrine'
• Qanjirrada Parathyroid

Reid LM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Maareynta cudurada parathyroid. Gudaha: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Qalliinka Madaxa iyo Qoorta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: cutubka 123.

Thakker RV. Qanjirka 'parathyroid', 'hypercalcemia' iyo 'hypocalcemia'. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 232.