Shaashadda sunta

Shaashadda sunta sunta ah waxaa loola jeedaa baaritaanno kala duwan oo go'aamiya nooca iyo qiyaasta dawooyinka sharci iyo kuwa sharci-darrada ah ee uu qofku qaatay.

Baadhitaanka sunta sunta ah waxaa badanaa la sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhiig ama kaadi laga qaado. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa la samayn karaa isla marka uu qofku liqo dawada, iyadoo la isticmaalayo waxyaabaha caloosha ku jira ee laga soo qaaday dheecaanka caloosha (matoorrada caloosha) ama matag ka dib.

Looma baahna diyaarin gaar ah. Haddii aad awoodo, u sheeg daryeel caafimaad bixiyaha dawooyinka (oo ay ku jiraan dawooyinka aan lagaa iibsan karin) ee aad qaadatay, oo ay ku jiraan goorta aad qaadatay iyo inta aad isticmaashay.

Tijaabadani mararka qaar waxay qayb ka tahay baaritaanka isticmaalka daroogada ama xadgudubka. Oggolaansho qaas ah, qabashada iyo calaamadeynta muunadaha, ama habab kale ayaa loo baahan karaa.

Tijaabada dhiigga:

Marka irbadda loo geliyo si dhiig u soo qaado, dadka qaar waxay dareemaan xanuun dhexdhexaad ah, halka kuwa kalena ay dareemaan oo keliya dharbaaxo ama dareemid xaniin. Ka dib, waxaa jiri kara xoogaa wax garaaca.

Tijaabada kaadida:

Tijaabada kaadida waxay ku lug leedahay kaadida caadiga ah. Ma jiraan wax dhib ah.

Tijaabadani waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa xaaladaha caafimaad ee degdegga ah. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu qiimeeyo suurtagalnimada xad dhaaf ama ku talagal xad dhaaf ah ama sumeyn. Waxay kaa caawin kartaa go'aaminta sababta sunta daran ee daroogada, la socoshada ku-tiirsanaanta daroogada, iyo go'aaminta jiritaanka walxaha jirka ujeedo caafimaad ama sharci.

Sababaha dheeraadka ah ee baaritaanka loo samayn karo waxaa ka mid ah:

• Khamriga
• Gobolka ka bixida aalkolada
• Xaalad maskaxeed oo la beddelay
• Nephropathy oo suuxdin leh (kilyaha ku sumooba)
• Kahortaga aalkolada qasan (delirium tremens)
• Delirium
• Asaasaqa
• La socoshada daroogada
• Cudurka aalkolada ee uurjiifka
• U-badin xad-dhaaf ah
• Suuxdin
• Faalig ku dhaca isticmaalka kookaha
• Weerar galmo oo looga shakiyay
• Miyir daboolnaan

Haddii baaritaanka loo adeegsado sida shaashadda daawada, waa in lagu sameeyaa waqti cayiman gudahood kadib markii daawada la qaatay, ama inta noocyada daawada weli jirka laga dhex ogaan karo. Tusaalooyinka ayaa ka hooseeya:

• Khamriga: 3 ilaa 10 saacadood
• Amfetamines: 24 illaa 48 saacadood
• Barbiturates: illaa 6 toddobaad
• Benzodiazepines: illaa 6 toddobaad oo leh adeegsi heer sare ah
• Kookain: 2 ilaa 4 maalmood; ilaa 10 ilaa 22 maalmood oo adeegsi culus
• Koodhin: 1 ilaa 2 maalmood
• Heroin: 1 ilaa 2 maalmood
• Hydromorphone: 1 ilaa 2 maalmood
• Methadone: 2 illaa 3 maalmood
• Morphine: 1 ilaa 2 maalmood
• Phencyclidine (PCP): 1 illaa 8 maalmood
• Propoxyphene: 6 illaa 48 saacadood
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): 6 illaa 11 toddobaad oo leh adeegsi culus

Qiimaha caadiga ah ee dukaamada miiska la iska iibsado ama daawooyinka laguu qoro way ku kala duwanaan karaan xoogaa yar shaybaarada kala duwan. Kala hadal adeeg bixiyahaaga macnaha natiijooyinka baaritaankaaga gaarka ah.

Qiima aan fiicnayn badanaa waxay ka dhigan tahay in khamriga, dawooyinka dhakhtarku qoro ee aan la qorin, iyo daroogooyinka sharci darrada ah aan la ogaan.

Shaashadda sunta sunta dhiigga ayaa go'aamin karta jiritaanka iyo heerka (qadarka) daroogada ee jirkaaga.

Natiijooyinka muunadda kaadida ayaa badanaa loo soo sheegaa inay yihiin wax wanaagsan (walax ayaa la helayaa) ama mid taban (ma jiro wax walax ah oo la helay).

Heerarka sare ee aalkolada ama daawooyinka laguu qoro waxay noqon karaan calaamad muujinaysa u-kas ah ama shil sakhraansan ama xad-dhaaf ah.

Joogitaanka daroogooyinka sharci darrada ah ama daroogada aan loo qorin qofka waxay muujineysaa isticmaalka daroogada sharci darrada ah.

Qaar ka mid ah warqadaha dhaqtarka lagu qoro iyo daawooyinka la iska iibsado ayaa laga yaabaa inay la falgalaan kiimikada baaritaanka iyo natiijooyinka beenta ah ee baaritaanka kaadida. Bixiyahaaga ayaa ka warqabi doona suurtagalnimadaas.

Khataraha la xiriira in dhiig lagaa qaado way yar yihiin laakiin waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Dhiigbax xad dhaaf ah
• Miyir beelid ama dareemid madax-wareer
• Hematoma (dhiig ku ururaya maqaarka hoostiisa)
• Infekshan (halis yar mar kasta oo maqaarku jabo)

Waxyaabaha laga ogaan karo shaashadda sunta sunta waxaa ka mid ah:

• Alkolo (ethanol) - aalkolo "la cabo"
• Amfetamiin
• Dawooyinka lidka ku ah diiqadda
• Barbiturates iyo hypnotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Kokain
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
• Marijuana
• Maandooriyaha
• Daawooyinka xanuunka non-narcotic, oo ay ku jiraan acetaminophen iyo daawooyinka anti-bararka
• Phencyclidine (PCP)
• Phenothiazines (dawooyinka dhimirka ama dawooyinka xasilinta)
• Dawooyinka dhakhtarku qoro, nooc kasta ha ahaadee

Barbiturates - shaashad; Benzodiazepines - shaashad; Amphetamines - shaashad; Xanuunada - shaashadda; Dawooyinka lidka diiqadda - shaashadda; Mukhaadaraadka - shaashadda; Phenothiazines - shaashad; Shaashadda ku-xadgudubka daroogada; Baaritaanka aalkolada dhiigga

• Baaritaanka dhiigga

Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Meier BM, Holstege C. Toxicology Clinical. Gudaha: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Textbook ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka iyo Cilad-baarista Molecular. 6aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 41.

Minns AB, Clark RF. Ku xadgudubka mukhaadaraadka Gudaha: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Daawada Degdega ah ee Rosen: Fikradaha iyo Tababarka Caafimaadka. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: cutubka 140.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGuigan M, Greensher J. sunta cilmiga caafimaadka. Gudaha: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Daaweynta Conn ee hadda 2019. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019; 1273-1325.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Sunta cilmiga sunta iyo kormeerka daweynta daweynta. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 23aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 23.