Hargabka Avian

Fayraska Avian A fayraska ayaa sababa infekshinka hargabka ee shimbiraha. Fayrasyada sababa cudurka shimbiraha way isbadali karaan (mutate) si ay ugu faafaan dadka.

Hargabkii ugu horreeyay ee ku dhaca bini'aadamka waxaa laga soo sheegay Hong Kong sanadkii 1997. Waxaa loo yaqaan 'avian influenza' (H5N1). Cudurka dillaacay wuxuu xiriir la lahaa digaagga.

Tan iyo waagaas waxaa jiray kiisas bini aadam oo ku saabsan hargabka shimbiraha A ee Aasiya, Afrika, Yurub, Indooniisiya, Fiyetnaam, Baasifigga, iyo Bariga dhow. Boqolaal qof ayaa ku xanuunsaday fayraskan. Ilaa kala bar dadka qaata fayraskan waxay u dhintaan jirada.

Fursadda ah inuu adduunka oo dhan ka dillaaco bini-aadamka ayaa kor u sii kacaya marba haddii uu ku faafo fayraska hargabka ee Avian.

Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada waxay soo tebinayaan 21 dowladood oo qaba hargabka avian ee shimbiraha iyo infekshinka aan aadanaha ku dhicin laga bilaabo Ogosto 2015.

• Badanaa infekshannadan waxay kudhaceen labada daaradood iyo kuwa digaagga ganacsiga.
• Fayrasyadan ugu dambeeyay ee HPAI H5 ma aysan qaadsiinin dad ku nool Mareykanka, Kanada, ama caalamkaba. Halista infekshinka dadka ku dhaca waa yar tahay.

Khatarta aad ugu jirtid fayraska ifilada shimbiraha ayaa sareysa haddii:

• Waxaad la shaqeysaa digaagga (sida beeraleyda).
• Waxaad u safreysaa wadamada uu fayrasku ku yaalo.
• Waxaad taabatay shimbir cudurka qabta.
• Waxaad ku gelaysaa dhismo leh shimbiro jirran ama dhintay, saxar, ama qashin shimbiraha cudurka qaba.
• Waxaad cuntaa hilib digaag oo cayriin ama aan sifiican u karin, ukumo, ama dhiiga shimbiraha cudurka qaba.

Ma jiro qof ka helay fayraska hargabka avian inuu cuno cunista digaagga ama waxyaabaha digaagga.

Shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka iyo dadka ku wada nool isla guriga dadka qaba ifilada shimbiraha ayaa sidoo kale halis sare ugu jira infekshinka.

Fayrasyada hargabka Avian waxay ku noolaan karaan deegaanka muddo dheer. Infekshanku wuxuu ku faafi karaa kaliya taabashada dusha sare ee fayraska ku yaal. Shimbiraha qaba hargabku waxay fayraska ku siin karaan saxarada iyo candhuufta ilaa iyo 10 maalmood.

Calaamadaha infekshinka hargabka ee ku dhaca bina-aadamka waxay ku xiran tahay culeyska feyraska.

Fayraska hargabka ee loo yaqaan 'avian influenza' ee dadka ku dhaca wuxuu ku keenaa astaamo u eg hargabka,

• Qufac
• Shuban
• Neefsashada oo dhib ah
• Qandho ka weyn 100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• Madax xanuun
• Dareen guud (xanuun)
• Murqo xanuun
• Sanka oo dareera
• Cune xanuun

Haddii aad u malaynayso inaad qaaday fayraska, wac daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga kahor booqashadaada xafiiska. Tani waxay siin doontaa shaqaalaha fursad ay ku qaadaan tallaabooyin ay ku badbaadinayaan naftooda iyo dadka kale inta ay xafiiskaagu ku soo booqanayo.

Waxaa jira baaritaanno loogu talagalay ifilada avian, laakiin si ballaaran looma heli karo. Hal nooc oo baadhitaan ah ayaa natiijada ku bixin kara ilaa 4 saacadood.

Bixiyahaaga sidoo kale waxaa laga yaabaa inuu sameeyo tijaabooyinka soo socda:

• Dhageysiga sambabada (si loo ogaado dhawaaqyada neefta ee aan caadiga ahayn)
• Raajo xabadka ah
• Dhaqanka ka soo baxa sanka ama cunaha
• Hab ama farsamo lagu ogaado fayraska, oo loo yaqaan RT-PCR
• Tirada unugyada dhiigga cad

Tijaabooyin kale ayaa loo samayn karaa si loo eego sida wanaagsan ee wadnahaaga, kelyahaaga, iyo beerkaagu u shaqeynayaan.

Daaweyntu way kala duwan tahay, waxayna ku saleysan tahay astaamahaaga.

Guud ahaan, daaweynta daawada fayraska ee 'oseltamivir' (Tamiflu) ama zanamivir (Relenza) ayaa laga yaabaa inay cudurka ka dhigto mid daran. Si daawadu u shaqeyso, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad bilowdo qaadashadeeda 48 saacadood gudahood ka dib marka astaamahaadu bilaabaan.

Oseltamivir sidoo kale waa loo qori karaa dadka ku nool isla guriga dadka qaba ifilada avian. Tani waxay ka hor istaagi kartaa inay bukoodaan.

Fayraska sababa ifilada aadanaha ee avian wuxuu u adkaystaa dawooyinka fayraska ka hortagga, amantadine iyo rimantadine. Daawooyinkan looma adeegsan karo haddii uu dilaaco H5N1.

Dadka qaba infekshin daran waxay u baahan karaan in la dhigo mashiinka neefsashada. Dadka qaba fayraska sidoo kale waa in laga ilaaliyaa dadka aan cudurka qabin.

Bixiyeyaashu waxay ku talinayaan in dadku ay qaataan tallaalka hargabka (dureyga). Tani waxay yareyn kartaa fursadda ah in fayraska ifilada ee Avian uu ku dhex milmo fayraska ifilada aadanaha. Tani waxay abuuri kartaa fayras cusub oo si fudud u faafi kara.

Aragtida waxay kuxirantahay nooca fayraska hargabka avian iyo sida xun ee uu infekshanku u yahay. Cudurku wuxuu noqon karaa mid dilaa ah.

Dhibaatooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Neefsashada daran
• Fashilid xubinta
• Burunkiito
• Cudurka Sepsis

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii aad isku aragto calaamado u eg hargab 10 maalmood gudahood markaad daweyso shimbiraha cudurka qaba ama aad ku sugan tahay aag la ogyahay inuu ka dillaacay ifilada avian.

Waxaa jira tallaal la ansixiyay oo dadka ka ilaaliya fayraska ifilada H5N1avian. Tallaalkan waa la isticmaali karaa haddii fayraska hadda jira ee H5N1 uu ku faafo dadka. Dowladda Mareykanka waxay haysaa keyd tallaal ah.

Waqtigaan, Xarumaha Mareykanka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC) kuma talineyso in loo safro waddamada ay saameysay hargabka avian.

CDC waxay sameysaa talooyinka soo socda.

Taxaddar guud ahaan:

• Ka fogow shimbiraha duurjoogta ah oo aad ka daawan kartid meel fog oo keliya.
• Ka fogow taabashada shimbiraha jiran iyo dusha sare ee laga yaabo inay ku daboolaan saxaradooda.
• Isticmaal dharka difaaca iyo maaskaro neefsashada oo qaas ah haddii aad la shaqeyso shimbiraha ama haddii aad dhismooyinka la aadeyso shimbiraha jiran ama kuwa dhintay, saxarada, ama qashinka shimbiraha cudurka qaba.
• Haddii aad xiriir la yeelatay shimbiraha cudurka qaba, iska ilaali calaamadaha cudurka. Haddii aad qaadsiiso, u sheeg dhakhtarkaaga.
• Ka fogow hilibka aan la karin ama aan la karin. Tani waxay yareynaysaa halista u-nuglaanta hargabka avian iyo cudurada kale ee ka dhasha cuntada.

Haddii aad u safreyso dalal kale:

• Ka fogow booqashooyinka suuqyada shimbiraha nool iyo digaagga digaagga.
• Ka fogow diyaarinta ama cunidda waxyaabaha digaagga ee aan karin.
• U tag dhakhtarkaaga haddii aad xanuusato ka dib markaad safarkaaga ka soo noqoto.

Macluumaadka hadda jira ee la xiriira ifilada avian waxaa laga heli karaa: www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/avian-in-humans.htm.

Hargabka shimbiraha; H5N1; H5N2; H5N8; H7N9; Hargabka Avian A (HPAI) H5

• Hargab iyo ifilo - waxa aad weydiiso dhakhtarkaaga - qof weyn
• Hargab iyo hargab - waxa aad weydiiso dhakhtarkaaga - ilmahaaga

Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Ka-hortagga Cudurrada. Avian influenza Fayraska fayraska ee dadka ku dhaca. www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/avian-in-humans.htm. La cusbooneysiiyay Abriil 18, 2017. La helay Janaayo 3, 2020.

Dumler JS, Reller ME. Zoonoses. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 312.

Ison MG, Hayden FG. Hargabka. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 26aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: baab 340.

Treanor JJ. Fayrasyada hargabka, oo ay ka mid yihiin hargabka digaaga iyo ifilada doofaarka. Gudaha: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, iyo Bennett Mabaadi'da iyo Ku Dhaqanka Cudurada faafa. 9aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cutubka 165.