Waa maxay farqiga u dhexeeya Asperger iyo Autism?

Qanacsan

• Ku saabsan cilladda Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
• Ku saabsan cudurka Asperger
• Shuruudaha ogaanshaha cudurka ee Asperger’s syndrome
• Asperger’s iyo Autism: Maxay ku kala duwan yihiin?
• Kala doorashooyinka daaweyntu ma ku kala duwan yihiin Asperger iyo autism?
• Qaadid

Waxaad maqli kartaa dad badan oo ku xusaaya Asperger’s syndrome isla neefta sida cilladda Autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Asperger’s ayaa mar loo tixgeliyey inuu ka duwan yahay ASD. Laakiin ogaanshaha cudurka Asperger ma sii jiro. Calaamadaha iyo astaamaha hal mar qayb ka ahaa baaritaanka Asperger ayaa hadda hoos yimaada ASD.

Waxaa jira kala duwanaansho taariikheed oo u dhexeeya ereyga "Asperger's" iyo waxa loo tixgeliyo "autism." Laakiin waxaa habboon in la galo waxa dhabta ah ee 'Asperger's' iyo sababta hadda loogu tixgeliyo qayb ka mid ah ASD.

Sii wad akhriska si aad wax badan uga ogaato mid kasta oo ka mid ah cilladahaan.

Ku saabsan cilladda Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Dhammaan carruurta autistic ma muujiyaan astaamo isku mid ah oo autism ah ama waxay la kulmaan calaamadahaas isku heer.

Taasi waa sababta autism loo tixgeliyo inay tahay mid heer sare ah. Waxaa jira dabeecado iyo waayo-aragnimo ballaaran oo loo arko inay hoos imaanayaan dalladda baaritaanka cudurka autism.

Halkan waxaa ku yaal dulmar guud oo ku saabsan dabeecadaha sababi kara in qof laga helo cudurka autism:

• kala duwanaanta ka shaqeynta khibradaha dareenka, sida taabashada ama dhawaaqa, kuwa loo arko inay yihiin "neurotypical"
• kala duwanaanshaha qaababka waxbarashada iyo habab xallinta dhibaatooyinka, sida si dhakhso leh u barashada mawduucyo adag ama adag laakiin ay ku adkaato hanashada howlaha jireed ama wadahadal u jeedin wadahadal
• qoto dheer, danaha gaarka ah ee joogtada ah mowduucyo gaar ah
• dhaqdhaqaaqyo soo noqnoqda ama dabeecado ah (mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan "kicitaan"), sida sacabbinta gacmaha ama gadaal iyo gadaal u ruxid
• rabitaan xoog leh oo lagu ilaaliyo howlaha ama dejinta kala dambeynta, sida raacitaanka jadwal isku mid ah maalin kasta ama abaabulida waxyaabaha shakhsiga ah si cayiman
• Dhibaato ka baaraandegidda iyo soo saarista isgaarsiin hadal ama hadal ah, sida inaad dhib ku qabtid ku cabirka fikradaha erayada ama muujinta dareenka banaanka
• Dhibaatada ka shaqeynta ama kaqeybqaadashada xaaladaha isdhexgalka bulshada ee neerfaha, sida adigoo salaan qof dib u soo salaamay

Ku saabsan cudurka Asperger

Cudurka 'Asperger's syndrome' waxaa horey loogu tixgeliyey inuu yahay qaab "khafiif ah" ama "shaqeyn sare" oo ah autism.

Tani macnaheedu waa dadka helay baaritaanka Asperger waxay u muuqdeen inay la kulmaan dabeecado autism ah oo badanaa loo tixgeliyey inay si kayar uga duwan yihiin dadka neerfaha.

Asperger’s ayaa markii ugu horaysay lagu soo bandhigay Buug-tilmaameedka iyo Tirakoobka ee Xanuunada Maskaxda (DSM) sanadkii 1994.

Tani waxay dhacday sababtoo ah dhakhtarka dhimirka ee Ingriiska Lorna Wing wuxuu tarjumay shaqooyinka dhakhtarka Austrian Hans Asperger wuxuuna ogaaday in cilmi baaristiisa laga helay astaamo u gaar ah caruurta autistic-ka kuwa leh astaamo "fudud".

Shuruudaha ogaanshaha cudurka ee Asperger’s syndrome

Waa kuwan soo koobid kooban oo ku saabsan noocii hore ee DSM (qaar badan oo ka mid ah waxay u muuqan karaan kuwo yaqaan):

• Dhibaato ka haysato xagga hadalka ama hadalka aan hadalka ahayn, sida indho-indheynta ama jees jeeska
• la yeesho xiriir bulsheed muddo dheer ama aan lahayn asxaabta
• danayn la'aan kaqeybqaadashada howlaha ama danaha kuwa kale
• Muujinta wax yar oo aan jawaab looga helin khibradaha bulshada ama shucuurta
• oo leh xiiso joogto ah hal mowduuc oo gaar ah ama mowduucyo aad u yar
• adeecid adag oo ku saabsan caadooyinka caadiga ah ama dhaqanka
• dhaqamada soo noqnoqda ama dhaqdhaqaaqyada
• xiisaha daran ee dhinacyada gaarka ah ee walxaha
• Dhibaato ka haysato ilaalinta cilaaqaadka, shaqooyinka, ama dhinacyada kale ee nolol maalmeedka sababa la xiriira astaamahan awgood
• oo aan dib u dhac ku imaanaynin barashada luqadda ama horumarka garashada caadiga ah ee xaaladaha kale ee la midka ah

Laga soo bilaabo 2013, Asperger's waxaa hadda loo tixgeliyaa inuu ka mid yahay noocyada 'autism spectrum' oo mar dambe looma ogaanin inuu yahay xaalad gooni ah.

Asperger’s iyo Autism: Maxay ku kala duwan yihiin?

Asperger's iyo autism looma tixgeliyo baaritaanno kala duwan. Dadka laga yaabo inay horey uheleen baaritaanka Asperger halkii ay hada kaheli lahaayeen cudurka autism.

Laakiin dad badan oo laga helay cudurka Asperger ka hor intaan la beddelin shuruudaha lagu ogaanayo cudurka ee 2013 ayaa wali loo arkaa inay "leeyihiin Asperger's."

Dad badan ayaa sidoo kale tixgeliya Asperger's inay qayb ka tahay aqoonsigooda. Tani waxay si gaar ah u tixgelinaysaa ceebeynta weli ku hareeraysan baaritaanka cudurka autism ee bulshooyin badan oo adduunka ah.

Hase yeeshe "farqiga" kaliya ee dhabta ah ee u dhexeeya labada baaritaan ayaa ah in dadka qaba Asperger loo tixgelin karo inay haystaan ​​waqti ka fudud "maraya" sida neurotypical oo leh astaamo "khafiif ah" oo keliya iyo astaamo u eg kuwa autism.

Kala doorashooyinka daaweyntu ma ku kala duwan yihiin Asperger iyo autism?

Midkoodna wixii horey loogu ogaaday inuu yahay Asperger ama autism-ka midkoodna ma ahan xaalad caafimaad oo u baahan in "la daweeyo."

Kuwa laga helo autism waxaa loo tixgeliyaa "neurodivergent." Dabeecadaha Autistic-ka ah looma tixgelinayo waxa bulshada u gaarka ah. Laakiin taasi micnaheedu maahan in Autismku uu muujinayo inay wax khaldan kugu jiraan.

Waxa ugu muhiimsan ayaa ah in adiga ama qof noloshaada ka mid ah oo laga helay cudurka 'autism' uu ogaado in la jecel yahay, la aqbalo, oo ay taageeraan dadka ku xeeran.

Ma aha in qof kasta oo ka mid ah bulshada autismku uusan oggolaan in dadka autismku aysan u baahnayn daaweyn caafimaad.

Waxaa jira dood socota oo udhaxeysa kuwa u arka autism-ka naafonimo oo ubaahan daaweyn caafimaad ("qaabka caafimaadka") iyo kuwa u arka "daaweynta" autismka qaab xaqiijinta xuquuqda naafada, sida dhaqamada shaqada cadaalad ah iyo caymiska daryeelka caafimaadka.

Waa kuwan qaar haddii aad rumeysan tahay in adiga ama qof aad jeceshahay uu u baahan yahay daaweyn loogu talagalay dabeecadaha dhaqan ahaan loo tixgeliyo inay qayb ka yihiin baaritaanka Asperger:

• teraabiyada cilminafsiyeed, sida daaweynta dabeecadda garashada (CBT)
• daawooyinka walwalka ama jahwareerka qasabka ah (OCD)
• daaweynta hadalka ama hadalka
• wax ka beddelka cuntada ama kaabista
• ikhtiyaarrada daaweynta ee dhammaystirka ah, sida daaweynta duugista ah

Qaadid

Waxa ugu muhiimsan halkan waa in Asperger’s uusan hadda aheyn erey shaqeynaya. Calaamadaha mar loo isticmaalay in lagu baaro waxay si xoog leh ugu jiraan ogaanshaha ASD.

Iyo ogaanshaha cudurka autism macnaheedu maahan adiga ama qof aad jeceshahay inaad leedahay "xaalad" u baahan in "la daweeyo." Waxa ugu muhiimsan waa inaad jeceshahay oo aad aqbasho naftaada ama qof kastoo autistic ah oo aad taqaanid.

Barashada duruufaha ASD waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad bilowdo inaad fahamto in khibradaha ASD ay yihiin waaya aragnimada qof kasta. Ma jiro hal xilli oo ku habboon dhammaan.