Acromegaly

Acromegaly waa xaalad ay kujirto hormoon koritaan aad u fara badan (GH) jirka.

Acromegaly waa xaalad naadir ah. Waxaa sababa marka qanjirka pituitary uu sameeyo hormoon korriin aad u tiro badan. Qanjirka 'pituitary gland' waa qanjir yar oo jirka ku dhaca oo ku xiran salka maskaxda. Waxay maamushaa, sameysaa, soona deysaa dhowr hoormoon, oo ay ku jiraan hormoonka koritaanka.

Badanaa buro aan caadi ahayn (benign) oo qanjirka 'pituitary gland' ayaa sii deysa hormoon koritaan aad u tiro badan. Marar dhif ah, burooyinka pituitary waa la iska dhaxli karaa.

Carruurta, GH badan ayaa sababa gigantism halkii ay ka ahaan lahayd acromegaly.

Calaamadaha acromegaly waxaa ka mid noqon kara mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:

• Urka jidhka
• Saxarada oo dhiig ka yimaado
• Cudurka 'tunpal tunnel syndrome'
• Hoos u dhaca awooda murqaha (daciifnimo)
• Hoos u dhaca aragga
• Daal fudud
• Dhererka xad dhaafka ah (marka soosaarka GH ee xad-dhaafka ahi uu bilaabmo carruurnimada)
• Dhidid badan
• Madax xanuun
• Ballaarinta wadnaha, oo sababi kara suuxdin
• Cabaadis
• Daanka xanuun
• Xanuunka wadajirka ah, dhaqdhaqaaqa wadajirka ah ee xaddidan, bararka meelaha lafaha ku wareegsan laabatooyinka
• Lafaha waaweyn ee wejiga, daanka weyn iyo carrabka, ilkaha oo aad u kala fog
• Cagaha waaweyn (isbeddelka cabbirka kabaha), gacmo waaweyn (isbeddel ku yimaada giraan ama cabbirka gacmo gashi)
• Qanjirrada waaweyn ee maqaarka (qanjidhada 'sebaceous glands') oo keena maqaarka dufanka leh, maqaarka oo sii adkaada, astaamaha maqaarka (koritaanka)
• Xilliga hurdada
• Faraha ballaadhan ama suulasha, oo leh barar, casaan, iyo xanuun

Calaamadaha kale ee ku dhici kara cudurkan:

• Burooyinka mindhicirka
• Kordhinta timaha ee dumarka (hirsutism)
• Dhiig kar
• Nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga
• Ballaarinta qanjirka 'thyroid'
• Miisaanka oo kordha

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka ayaa sameyn doona baaritaan jireed wuxuuna weydiin doonaa astaamahaaga.

Tijaabooyinka soo socda ayaa la dalban karaa si loo xaqiijiyo baaritaanka acromegaly loona hubiyo dhibaatooyinka jira:

• Gulukoosta dhiigga
• Hormarka koritaanka iyo baaritaanka xakamaynta hormoonka koritaanka
• Cunsurka u eg insulin-ta 1 (IGF-1)
• Prolactin
• Raajo lafdhabarta
• MRI ee maskaxda, oo ay ku jiraan qanjirka 'pituitary gland'
• Echocardiogram
• Baarista walamadka
• Barashada hurdada

Tijaabooyinka kale waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu amro in lagu hubiyo in qanjirka 'pituitary gland' intiisa kale ay si caadi ah u shaqeyneyso iyo in kale.

Qalliinka si looga saaro burooyinka pituitary ee sababa xaaladan badanaa waxay saxaan GH aan caadi ahayn. Mararka qaarkood, burooyinka waa kuwo aad u weyn oo gebi ahaanba laga saari karin acromegaly-na lama bogsan karo. Xaaladdan oo kale, daawooyinka iyo shucaaca (radiotherapy) ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo acromegaly.

Dadka qaarkood oo leh burooyin aad u dhib badan oo looga saari waayo qalliinka waxaa lagu daaweeyaa daawooyin halkii qalliin lagu sameyn lahaa. Daawooyinkani waxay xannibi karaan wax soo saarka GH ee qanjirka 'pituitary gland' ama waxay ka hortagi karaan waxqabadka GH ee qaybaha kale ee jirka.

Daaweynta ka dib, waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad si joogto ah u aragto bixiyahaaga si aad u hubiso in qanjirka pituitary uu si caadi ah u shaqeynayo iyo in acromegaly uusan soo laaban. Qiimayn sanadle ah ayaa lagula taliyaa.

Kheyraadkaani waxay bixin karaan macluumaad dheeri ah oo ku saabsan acromegaly:

• Machadka Qaranka ee Sonkorowga iyo Cudurada Dheefshiidka iyo Kelyaha - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/acromegaly
• Ururka Qaranka ee Dhibaatooyinka Nadir - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acromegaly

Qalliinka pituitary wuxuu ku guuleystaa dadka intiisa badan, iyadoo kuxiran cabirka burooyinka iyo khibrada qalliinka neerfaha ee burooyinka pituitary.

Daaweyn la'aan, astaamuhu way ka sii darayaan. Xaaladaha sida dhiig karka, sonkorowga, iyo cudurka wadnaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka dhalato.

Wac adeeg bixiyahaaga haddii:

• Waxaad leedahay calaamadaha acromegaly
• Calaamadahaaga kuma hagaagaan daaweynta

Acromegaly lama hor istaagi karo. Daaweynta hore ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka hortagto in cudurku ka sii daro oo laga caawiyo kahortagga dhibaatooyinka.

Somatotroph adenoma; Kobaca hormoonka koritaanka; Hormarka koritaanka ee dheecaanka pituitary adenoma; Rug-yaraha 'pituitary' (carruurnimada)

• Qanjirada 'Endocrine'

Katznelson L, Sharciyada ER Jr, Melmed S, et al. Acromegaly: tilmaamaha ku-dhaqanka daaweynta bulshada ee endocrine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (11): 3933-3951. PMID: 25356808 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356808.

Klein I. Cilladaha Endocrine iyo cudurada wadnaha. Gudaha: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Cudurka Wadnaha ee Braunwald: Buug-tilmaameedka Daaweynta Wadnaha iyo Xididdada. 10aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: cutubka 81.

Melmed S. Acromegaly. Gudaha: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta. 7aad ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 12.