Heerarka dawooyinka daweynta

Heerarka daawada daweynta ayaa ah tijaabooyinka shaybaarka si loo raadiyo qadarka daawada dhiiga ku jirta.

Sambal dhiig ayaa loo baahan yahay. Inta badan dhiigga waxaa laga soo qaataa xididka ku yaal gudaha xusulka ama dhabarka gacanta.

Waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad isku diyaariso tijaabooyinka heerka daroogada qaarkood.

• Bixiyahaaga daryeelka caafimaad ayaa kuu sheegi doona haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad beddesho waqtiyada aad qaadato mid ka mid ah daawooyinkaaga.
• HA JOOJIN ama ha beddelin dawooyinkaaga adiga oo aan marka hore la hadlin takhtarkaaga.

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad dareento xanuun yar ama qaniinyo markii cirbadda la gelinayo. Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad dareento xoogaa jug ah goobta ka dib markii dhiigga lagaa qaado.

Daawooyinka badankood, waxaad ubaahantahay heer daawo oo dhiigaaga ah si aad uhesho saameynta saxda ah. Daawooyinka qaar waa waxyeello haddii heerku aad u sarreeyo mana shaqeeyaan haddii heerarku aad u hooseeyo.

La socoshada xaddiga daroogada laga helo dhiiggaaga ayaa u oggolaaneysa bixiyahaaga inuu hubiyo in heerarka daawadu ay ku jiraan heerka saxda ah.

Tijaabada heerka daroogada ayaa muhiim u ah dadka qaata daroogada sida:

• Flecainide, procainamide ama digoxin, oo loo isticmaalo daaweynta wadnaha aan caadiga ahayn
• Lithium, waxaa loo isticmaali jiray daaweynta laba-cirifoodka
• Phenytoin ama valproic acid, oo loo isticmaalo daweynta qalalka
• Gentamicin ama amikacin, oo ah antibiyootiko loo isticmaalo daaweynta cudurada

Tijaabinta ayaa sidoo kale la sameyn karaa si loo ogaado sida ugu wanaagsan ee jirkaagu u burburiyo daroogada ama sida uu ula falgalo daawooyinka kale ee aad u baahan tahay.

Kuwa soo socda ayaa ah qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka sida caadiga ah loo hubiyo iyo heerarka bartilmaameedka caadiga ah:

• Acetaminophen: way ku kala duwan tahay isticmaalka
• Amikacin: 15 illaa 25 mcg / mL (25.62 illaa 42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: 120 illaa 150 ng / mL (432.60 ilaa 540.75 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: 5 illaa 12 mcg / mL (21.16 ilaa 50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: 100 illaa 400 ng / mL (83.20 illaa 332.80 nmol / L) (12 saacadood kadib qiyaasta daawada)
• Desipramine: 150 illaa 300 ng / mL (563.10 ilaa 1126.20 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: 0.8 ilaa 2.0 ng / mL (1.02 ilaa 2.56 nanomol / L)
• Disopyramide: 2 ilaa 5 mcg / mL (5.89 ilaa 14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: 40 ilaa 100 mcg / mL (283.36 to 708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: 0.2 ilaa 1.0 mcg / mL (0.5 ilaa 2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: 5 illaa 10 mcg / mL (10.45 ilaa 20.90 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: 150 ilaa 300 ng / mL (534.90 ilaa 1069.80 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: 20 illaa 25 mcg / mL (41.60 ilaa 52.00 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: 1.5 ilaa 5.0 mcg / mL (6.40 ilaa 21.34 micromol / L)
• Lithium: 0.8 ilaa 1.2 mEq / L (0.8 ilaa 1.2 mmol / L)
• Methotrexate: way ku kala duwan tahay isticmaalka
• Nortriptyline: 50 illaa 150 ng / mL (189.85 ilaa 569.55 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: 10 illaa 30 mcg / mL (43.10 ilaa 129.30 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: 10 illaa 20 mcg / mL (39.68 ilaa 79.36 micromol / L)
• Primidone: 5 ilaa 12 mcg / mL (22.91 ilaa 54.98 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: 4 illaa 10 mcg / mL (17.00 ilaa 42.50 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: 2 ilaa 5 mcg / mL (6.16 ilaa 15.41 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: way ku kala duwan tahay isticmaalka
• Sirolimus: 4 illaa 20 ng / mL (4 illaa 22 nmol / L) (12 saacadood kadib qiyaasta; way ku kala duwan tahay isticmaalka)
• Tacrolimus: 5 illaa 15 ng / mL (4 ilaa 25 nmol / L) (12 saacadood qiyaasta ka dib)
• Theophylline: 10 illaa 20 mcg / mL (55.50 to 111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: 5 illaa 10 mcg / mL (10.69 ilaa 21.39 micromol / L)
• Valproic acid: 50 ilaa 100 mcg / mL (346.70 ilaa 693.40 micromol / L)

Heerarka qiimaha caadiga ahi way ku kala duwanaan karaan shaybaarada kala duwan. Kala hadal adeeg bixiyahaaga macnaha natiijooyinka baaritaankaaga gaarka ah.

Tusaalooyinka kor ku xusan waxay muujinayaan cabirka guud ee natiijooyinka imtixaanadan. Shaybaarada qaarkood waxay isticmaalaan cabbiro kala duwan ama waxay tijaabin karaan tijaabooyin kala duwan.

Qiimayaasha ka baxsan xadka bartilmaameedka waxaa laga yaabaa inay ugu wacan tahay isbeddelo yar yar ama calaamad u ah inaad u baahan tahay inaad hagaajiso qiyaastaada. Bixiyahaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu kuu sheego inaad ka boodo qiyaasta haddii qiyaasaha la qiyaasay ay aad u sarreeyaan.

Kuwa soo socda ayaa ah heerar sun ah qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka sida caadiga ah loo hubiyo:

• Acetaminophen: ka badan 250 mcg / mL (1653.50 micromol / L)
• Amikacin: ka weyn 25 mcg / mL (42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: ka weyn 500 ng / mL (1802.50 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: ka weyn 12 mcg / mL (50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: in ka badan 400 ng / mL (332.80 micromol / L)
• Desipramine: ka weyn 500 ng / mL (1877.00 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: ka weyn 2.4 ng / mL (3.07 nmol / L)
• Disopyramide: ka weyn 5 mcg / mL (14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: ka weyn 100 mcg / mL (708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: ka weyn yahay 1.0 mcg / mL (2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: wuxuu ka weyn yahay 12 mg / mL (25.08 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: ka weyn 500 ng / mL (1783.00 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: in ka badan 35 mcg / mL (72.80 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: ka weyn 5 mcg / mL (21.34 micromol / L)
• Lithium: ka badan 2.0 mEq / L (2.00 millimol / L)
• Methotrexate: ka badan 10 mcmol / L (10,000 nmol / L) in ka badan 24-saacadood
• Nortriptyline: ka weyn 500 ng / mL (1898.50 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: in ka badan 40 mcg / mL (172.40 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: in ka badan 30 mcg / mL (119.04 micromol / L)
• Primidone: ka weyn 15 mcg / mL (68.73 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: ka weyn 16 mcg / mL (68.00 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: ka weyn 10 mcg / mL (30.82 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: ka weyn 300 mcg / mL (2172.00 micromol / L)
• Theophylline: in ka badan 20 mcg / mL (111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: in ka badan 12 mcg / mL (25.67 micromol / L)
• Valproic acid: ka weyn yahay 100 mcg / mL (693.40 micromol / L)

La socodka daawada daweynta

• Baaritaanka dhiigga

Clarke W. Dulmarka guud ee kormeerka daweynta daweynta. Gudaha: Clarke W, Dasgupta A, eds. Caqabadaha Caafimaadka ee La-socodka Daawooyinka Daweynta. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier; 2016: cutubka 1.

Diasio RB. Mabaadi'da daaweynta daroogada. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 25aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 29.

Nelson LS, Ford MD. Sunta daran. Gudaha: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Daawada Goldman-Cecil. 25aad. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: cutubka 110.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Sunta cilmiga sunta iyo kormeerka daweynta daweynta. Gudaha: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis iyo Maareynta Hababka Shaybaarka. 23aad ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cutubka 23.