Calaamadaha Kansarka Sambabka

Qanacsan

• Waa maxay tijaabooyinka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?
• Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?
• Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?
• Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?
• Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?
• Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?
• Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?
• Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?
• Tixraacyo

Waa maxay tijaabooyinka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?

Calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada waa walxo ay soo saaraan unugyada burooyinka. Unugyada caadiga ah waxay isu beddeli karaan unugyo buro sababo la xiriira isbeddel hidde ah, isbeddel ku yimaada shaqada caadiga ah ee hiddo-wadaha. Hidda-wadaha (genes) waa cutubyada aasaasiga ah ee dhaxalka ee laga soo gudbiyay hooyadaa iyo aabahaaga.

Isbedelada hiddo-wadaha qaarkood ayaa laga dhaxli karaa waalidkaa. Kuwa kale waxaa lagu kasbadaa nolosha dambe sababo la xiriira deegaan ahaan ama qaab nololeedkooda. Isbedelada sababa kansarka sanbabada badanaa waxaa sabab u ah soo helitaan, sidoo kale loo yaqaan somatic, mutations. Is-beddelladani badanaa waa badanaa, in kasta oo aan had iyo jeer sabab u ahayn taariikh sigaar cabbista. Isbeddel hidde ah ayaa sababi kara buro sambabka inuu ku fido oo isku beddelo kansar.

Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo isbeddello ah oo sababa kansarka sanbabada. Tijaabada sumadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada waxay raadineysaa isbeddel gaar ah oo sababi kara kansarkaaga. Calaamadaha kansarka sanbabada ugu badan ee la baaro waxaa ka mid ah isbeddelada hiddo-wadeyaasha soo socda:

• EGFR, oo sameysa borotiin ku lug leh qeybinta unugyada
• KRAS, oo ka caawisa xakameynta koritaanka burooyinka
• ALK, oo ku lug leh koritaanka unugyada

Dhammaan kansarka sanbabada kuma dhaca isbeddellada ku dhaca hiddo-wadaha. Laakiin haddii kansarkaaga uu sababo isbeddel, waxaad awoodi kartaa inaad qaadato daawo loogu talagalay inay ku weeraraan noocaaga gaarka ah ee unugyada kansarka isbeddelay. Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa bartilmaameed daaweyn.

Magacyada kale: Kansarka sambabka ee lala beegsaday hiddo-wadaha

Maxaa loo adeegsadaa?

Tijaabooyinka lagu garto astaamaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado taas, haddii ay jirto, isbeddel hidde ah oo keenaya kansarka sambabkaaga. Calaamadaha kansarka sanbabada shaqsiyan waa loo baari karaa ama waa la isugu dari karaa hal baaritaan.

Maxaan ugu baahanahay baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?

Waxaad u baahan kartaa baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada haddii lagaa helay nooc ka mid ah kansarka sambabka oo loo yaqaanno kansarka sambabka ee unugyada yaryar. Noocan kansarka ah waxay u badan tahay inuu yeesho isbeddel hidde ah oo ka jawaabi doona daaweynta la bartilmaameedsaday.

Daaweynta bartilmaameedka ah ayaa badanaa waxtar badan waxayna keentaa waxyeellooyin ka yar kan daaweynta kiimikada ama shucaaca. Laakiin waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado nooca isbeddelka aad leedahay. Daawooyinka la bartilmaameedsaday ee waxtarka u leh qof leh hal nooc oo isbeddel ah, ayaa laga yaabaa inay shaqeyn waayaan ama ay khatar ku yihiin qof qaba isbeddel kale ama isbeddel la'aan.

Maxaa dhacaya inta lagu jiro baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?

Bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadka wuxuu u baahan doonaa inuu qaado shaybaar yar oo burooyinka ah habka loo yaqaan biopsy. Waxay noqon kartaa mid ka mid ah laba nooc oo biopsies ah:

• Cad ka-qaadista cirbadda wanaagsan, kaas oo isticmaala cirbad aad u khafiif ah si looga qaado saamiga unugyada ama dareeraha
• Cad ka-qaadista irbadda kaas oo isticmaala irbad ka weyn si looga qaado muunad

Rabitaanka cirbadda wanaagsan iyo dheecaanka laf-dhabarka ee cirbadda badanaa waxaa ku jira tallaabooyinka soo socda:

• Waxaad u jiifsan doontaa dhinacaaga ama waxaad ku fariisan doontaa miiska imtixaanka.
• Raajo ama qalab kale oo sawir-qaadis ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo helo goobta la rabo in lagu baaro. Maqaarka ayaa la calaamadeyn doonaa.
• Bixiye daryeel caafimaad ayaa nadiifin doona goobta ka-soo-qaadista lagaa qaadayo oo lagu duray suuxdinta si aanad u dareemin wax xanuun ah inta lagu jiro hawsha.
• Marka aaggu kabuubyo, bixiyuhu wuxuu sameyn doonaa jeexitaan yar (gooyaa) wuxuuna galiyaa irbad himilo wanaagsan ama irbad asaasi ah sambabka. Kadib isaga ama iyadu waxay ka soo saari doonaan sambalka unug ka mid ah goobta lagaa qaadayo.
• Waxaad dareemi kartaa xoogaa cadaadis ah markii irbadda ay gasho sambabka.
• Cadaadis ayaa lagu dhejin doonaa goobta cad ka-qaadista illaa dhiiggu joogsanayo.
• Bixiyahaaga ayaa ku dhajin doona faashad aan nadiif aheyn goobta baaritaanka.

Ma u baahanahay inaan sameeyo wax walba si aan ugu diyaargaroobo imtixaanka?

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad soonto (waxna ha cunin hana cabin) dhowr saacadood kahor howsha. La hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga haddii aad wax su'aalo ah ka qabtid isku diyaarinta baaritaankaaga.

Ma jiraan wax khatar ah oo imtaxaanku leeyahay?

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad waxoogaa nabar ama dhiig ah ku yeelatid goobta lagaa qaadayo. Waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inaad waxoogaa raaxo-darro ah ku haysato goobta maalin ama laba maalmood.

Maxay natiijooyinka ka dhigan yihiin?

Haddii natiijooyinkaagu muujiyaan inaad leedahay mid ka mid ah astaamaha kansarka sanbabada oo si fiican uga jawaabi kara teraabiyada la bartilmaameedsaday, adeeg bixiyahaagu wuxuu kugu bilaabi karaa daaweynta isla markiiba. Haddii natiijooyinkaagu muujiyaan inaadan haysan mid ka mid ah astaamahan kansarka sanbabada, adiga iyo takhtarkaaga waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ka wada hadashaan xulashooyinka kale ee daaweynta.

Tijaabada hidda-socodka waxay qaadataa in ka badan noocyo kale oo badan oo shaybaadh ah Ma heli kartid natiijooyinkaaga dhowr toddobaad.

Haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid natiijooyinkaaga, la hadal daryeel caafimaad bixiyahaaga.

Wax badan ka baro baaritaanka shaybaarka, kala duwanaanshaha tixraaca, iyo fahamka natiijooyinka.

Ma jiraan wax kale oo aan u baahanahay inaan ka ogaado baaritaanka calaamadaha burooyinka kansarka sanbabada?

Haddii aad qabtid kansarka sanbabada, waa muhiim inaad si joogto ah u aragto bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaaga inta aad daaweyneyso iyo ka dibba. Kansarka sambabka way adkaan kartaa in la daweeyo, xitaa haddii aad ku jirto daaweyn bartilmaameed ah. La socoshada dhow ee baaritaanada joogtada ah, iyo raajada xilliyada qaarkood iyo baaritaannada ayaa lagula talinayaa shanta sano ee ugu horreysa daaweynta ka dib, iyo sanadkiiba inta ka dhiman noloshaada.

Tixraacyo

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2. Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka [Internet]. Chicago: Ururka Sambabka Mareykanka; c2018. Tijaabinta Kansarka Sambabka Sambabka; [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 5 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/learn-about-lung-cancer/how-is-lung-cancer-diagnosed/lung - baaritaanka kansarka-burada.html
3. Kansarka.Net [Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Bulshada Mareykanka ee Clinical Oncology; 2005–2018. Biopsy; 2018 Jan [tixraacay 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/biopsy
4. Kansarka.Net [Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Bulshada Mareykanka ee Clinical Oncology; 2005–2018. Tijaabooyinka Calaamadaha Buro; 2018 Meey [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/tumor-marker-tests
5. Kansarka.Net [Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Bulshada Mareykanka ee Clinical Oncology; 2005–2018. Fahamka Daaweynta Bartilmaameedka ah; 2018 Meey [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/personalized-and-targeted-therapies/understanding-targeted-therapy
6. Kansarka.Net [Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Bulshada Mareykanka ee Clinical Oncology; 2005–2018. Maxaad U Baahan Tahay Inaad Ka Ogaato Kansarka Sambabka; 2018 Jun 14 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.net/blog/2018-06/what-you-need-know-about-lung-cancer
7. Johns Hopkins Medicine [Internetka]. Jaamacadda Johns Hopkins; Johns Hopkins Daawada; Maktabada Caafimaadka: Biopsiga Sambabka; [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/pulmonary/lung_biopsy_92,P07750
8. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018.ALK Mutation (Gene Rearrangement); [cusboonaysiiyay 2017 Dec 4; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/alk-mutation-gene-rearrangement
9. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018. Imtixaanka Is-beddelka EGFR; [cusboonaysiiyay 2017 Nofeembar 9; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/egfr-mutation-testing
10. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018. Tijaabooyinka hidda-sidaha ee loogu talagalay Daaweynta Kansarka ee Bartilmaameedka ah; [cusboonaysiiyay 2018 Jun 18; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/genetic-tests-targeted-cancer-therapy
11. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018. Is-beddelka KRAS; [cusboonaysiiyay 2017 Nofeembar 5; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/kras-mutation
12. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018. Kansarka Sambabka; [cusboonaysiiyay 2017 Dec 4; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/lung-cancer
13. Tijaabooyinka Shaybaarka ee Internetka [Internetka] Washington DC: Ururka Mareykanka ee Kiimikada Caafimaadka; c2001–2018. Calaamadaha Burada; [cusboonaysiiyay 2018 Feb 14; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/tumor-markers
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15. Nooca Merck Manual Consumer Version [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Shirkadda Merck & Co. c2018. Kansarka Sambabka; [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/tumors-of-the-lungs/lung-cancer
16. Machadka Kansarka Qaranka [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Qaamuuska NCI ee Shuruudaha Kansarka: hiddo-wadaha; [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/search?contains=false&q=gene
17. Machadka Kansarka Qaranka [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Daaweynta Kansarka Sambabka ee Unugyada Yar Yar (PDQ®) –Bogga Bukaanka; [la cusboonaysiiyay 2018 Meey 2; daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 3 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq
18. Machadka Kansarka Qaranka [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Calaamadaha Burada; [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 4 shaashadood]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet
19. NIH Maktabadda Qaranka ee Caafimaadka: Tixraaca Hoyga Guryaha [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Hiddo-wadaha ALK; 2018 Jul 10 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ALK
20. NIH Maktabadda Qaranka ee Caafimaadka: Tixraaca Hoyga Guryaha [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Hidda-wadaha EGFR; 2018 Jul 10 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/EGFR
21. NIH Maktabadda Qaranka ee Caafimaadka: Tixraaca Hoyga Guryaha [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Hidda-wadaha KRAS; 2018 Jul 10 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/KRAS
22. NIH Maktabadda Qaranka ee Caafimaadka: Tixraaca Hoyga Guryaha [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Kansarka sambabka; 2018 Jul 10 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/lung-cancer
23. NIH Maktabadda Qaranka ee Caafimaadka: Tixraaca Hoyga Guryaha [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Waaxda Caafimaadka iyo Adeegyada Aadanaha ee Mareykanka; Waa maxay isbeddellada hiddo-wadaha sidee bayna isku-beddelku ku yimaadaan ?; 2018 Jul 10 [daliishaday 2018 Jul 13]; [ilaa 2 shaashad]. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/mutationsanddisorders/genemutation

Macluumaadka ku yaal boggan waa in aan loo isticmaalin beddel daryeel caafimaad oo xirfad leh ama talo. La xiriir bixiye daryeel caafimaad haddii aad su'aalo ka qabtid caafimaadkaaga.